1. Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson's diseaseStiven Roytman, Rebecca Paalanen, Giulia Carli, Uroš Marušič, Prabesh Kanel, Teus van Laar, Nicolaas I. Bohnen, 2025 Opis: Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population. Posture and gait control does not happen automatically, as previously believed, but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms. To effectively exert control over the body, the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information, including visual, vestibular, and somatosensory signals. The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work. Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults. Insufficient emphasis, however, has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance. In the present work, we review the contributions of somatosensory, visual, and vestibular modalities, along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson's disease. We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows, previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults. Lastly, we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates, both at the level of neurobiology (concerning positron emission tomography imaging) and at the level of electrophysiology (concerning electroencephalography). We hope that this integrative review, drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience, paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches, to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Ključne besede: aging, gait, balance, encephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, multisensory integration
Objavljeno: 17.06.2024; Ogledov: 8157; Prenosov: 950
 Celotno besedilo (1,36 MB)
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2. 30 let spremljanja stanja gozdov v Sloveniji2017 Ključne besede: gozdarstvo, gozdni ekosistemi, poškodbe gozdov, gozdna tla, svetlobne razmere, onesnaženost zraka, bioindikatorji, mestni gozdovi, vodna bilanca, genetski monitoring
Objavljeno: 15.06.2017; Ogledov: 25218; Prenosov: 2336
Celotno besedilo (3,59 MB)
Ogledov v mesecu: 3380 |
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