Iskanje po repozitoriju

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Povzetek: Taller timber buildings (TTBs) offer sustainability benefits but pose unique seismic challenges. The following chapter reviews state-of-the-art seismic protection technologies (SPTs) for TTBs, including low-damage self-centering systems, post-tensioned systems, supplemental damping systems, passive and active control systems and base isolation. It discusses the principles, applications, and future challenges of each technology. While significant progress and innovative solutions have been achieved, outstanding challenges include scaling the technology, optimizing cost-effectiveness, and managing interactions between structural and non-structural elements to enhance functional recovery, damage limitation, and acceleration reduction. By examining current practices and future directions, this review facilitates a broader understanding and implementation of SPTs, promoting the sustainable growth of TTBs in seismic-prone regions.
Ključne besede: timber buildings, earthquake engineering, seismic protection technologies, low-damage and self-centring, post-tensioned systems, supplemental damping systems, passive and active control, base isolation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.10.2025; Ogledov: 172; Prenosov: 70
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Povzetek: The antigenotoxic effects of methanolic extracts of Tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) and common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) flour were evaluated against acrylamide-induced DNA damage. Acrylamide, a toxic food contaminant, was first identified in 2002 following its detection in Swedish food products. Our findings demonstrate that extracts from both buckwheat species significantly reduced DNA strand breaks. Tartary buckwheat contains higher levels of rutin, quercetin, and polyphenols, and exhibits greater antioxidant activity compared to common buckwheat. Due to endogenous rutin-degrading glucosidase activity, part of the rutin was enzymatically converted into quercetin. Processing generally decreased antioxidant activity, with the exception of wheat bread, where a slight increase was observed, likely attributed to Maillard reaction products. We confirmed that acrylamide induces genotoxic effects in HepG2 cells at all tested concentrations (0.3125, 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mM) after 24 hours of exposure, and that methanolic buckwheat extracts effectively reduced the formation of acrylamide-induced DNA damage. The extract from Tartary buckwheat demonstrated the highest antigenotoxic activity, surpassing even pure rutin or quercetin at higher concentrations. These results suggest that although thermal processing can generate potentially harmful compounds, such as acrylamide, food matrices may simultaneously contain bioactive components capable of counteracting or mitigating such adverse effects.
Ključne besede: common buckwheat, Tartary buckwheat, DNA damage, acrylamide, antigenotoxic
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.09.2025; Ogledov: 208; Prenosov: 72
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Ključne besede: warm-mix recycled asphalt mortar, freeze-thaw cycle, reflection cracking characteristics, digital image correlation technology, cracking damage factor
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 20.08.2025; Ogledov: 309; Prenosov: 157
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Povzetek: Based on the intensive monitoring conducted by our team and volunteers in 2021, the secondary range of an alien horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimić, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), was specified in European Russia. This invasive pest was confirmed in 24 out of 58 administrative regions of Russia, which it has occupied for approximately 16 years. Analysis of the COI mtDNA gene sequenced in 201 specimens collected in 21 regions of the European part of Russia indicates the occurrence of two haplotypes (A and B), which are also present in the secondary range of C. ohridella in Eastern and Western Europe. The haplotype A dominated and was present in 87.5% of specimens from European Russia. In 2021, C. ohridella produced spectacular outbreaks in Aesculus hippocastanum in southern Russia, where it damaged more than 50% of the leaves in trees in 24 out of 30 distant localities. In the south of the country, the pest infested Acer pseudoplatanus, whereas other species of Acer of European, East Asian, and North American origin showed no signs of attacks. Taking into account that Ae. hippocastanum is present in most regions of European Russia, we expect a further range expansion of C. ohridella up to the Ural Mountains.
Ključne besede: leaf-mining moth, invasion, European Russia, citizen science, DNA barcoding, phylogeography, Aesculus, Acer, damage level
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Ogledov: 676; Prenosov: 434
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Povzetek: Indoor air pollution is becoming a rising public health problem and is largely resulting from the burning of solid fuels and heating in households. Burning these fuels produces harmful compounds, such as particulate matter regarded as a major health risk, particularly affecting the onset and exacerbation of respiratory diseases. As exposure to polluted indoor air can cause DNA damage including DNA sd breaks as well as chromosomal damage, in this paper, we aim to provide an overview of the impact of indoor air pollution on DNA damage and genome stability by reviewing the scientific papers that have used the comet, micronucleus, and γ-H2AX assays. These methods are valuable tools in human biomonitoring and for studying the mechanisms of action of various pollutants, and are readily used for the assessment of primary DNA damage and genome instability induced by air pollutants by measuring different aspects of DNA and chromosomal damage. Based on our search, in selected studies (in vitro, animal models, and human biomonitoring), we found generally higher levels of DNA strand breaks and chromosomal damage due to indoor air pollutants compared to matched control or unexposed groups. In summary, our systematic review reveals the importance of the comet, micronucleus, and γ-H2AX assays as sensitive tools for the evaluation of DNA and genome damaging potential of different indoor air pollutants. Additionally, research in this particular direction is warranted since little is still known about the level of indoor air pollution in households or public buildings and its impact on genetic material. Future studies should focus on research investigating the possible impact of indoor air pollutants in complex mixtures on the genome and relate pollutants to possible health outcomes.
Ključne besede: indoor air quality, genome damage, comet assay, micronucleus assay, γ-H2AX assay, health risk
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.11.2024; Ogledov: 822; Prenosov: 451
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