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1.
Numerical heat transfer model for swelling intumescent coatings during heating
Andrea Lucherini, Juan P. Hidalgo, Jose L. Torero, Cristian Maluk, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: This research study presents a heat transfer model aimed at estimating the thermal and physical response of intumescent coatings. The numerical model is inspired by the outcomes of an experimental study focused on analysing the insulating effectiveness of a commercial intumescent coating for a range of heating conditions and initial coating thickness. The model solves the one-dimensional heat conduction problem using the finite-difference Crank-Nicolson method, and it assumes that the effectiveness of intumescent coatings is mainly dependent on their ability to develop swelled porous char. The coating swelling is implemented in the model by adopting an approach based on expanding the mesh representing the physical domain in proximity to the substrate-coating interface. The model described herein offers researchers and engineers a tool to estimate the heat transfer of swelling intumescent coatings (i.e. in-depth thermal gradient). Outcomes of the analysis shown herein demonstrate that the heat conduction within intumescent coatings is governed by the physical coating swelling and the thermal conditions at the coating-substrate interface. The numerical model shows that its accuracy is highly influenced by the coating thickness ahead of the reaction zone. Consequently, the coating swelling rate plays a key role, while the thermo-physical properties of the intumescent coating have a secondary effect. According to its assumptions, the model defines a quasi-steady-state thermal problem: it is more accurate for conditions close to steady-state (e.g. high heat fluxes), but it loses accuracy for cases characterised by transient phenomena (e.g. phases prior to the onset of swelling and low heat fluxes).
Ključne besede: intumescent coatings, heat transfer, numerical model, swelling, fire safety
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.01.2024; Ogledov: 155; Prenosov: 29
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,21 MB)
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2.
The status and role of genetic diversity of trees for the conservation and management of riparian ecosystems : a European experts' perspective
Filip Alimpić, Jelena Milovanović, Remigiusz Pielech, Georgi Hinkov, Roland Jansson, Simon Dufour, Marcin Beza, Nebi Bilir, Luis Santos del Blanco, Gregor Božič, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Riparian vegetation supports high biodiversity providing many services and is, therefore, an important landscape element. Riparian ecosystems are subject to numerous pressures leading to population decline and genetic erosion of riparian plants. This may have cascading effects at various ecosystem levels, including decreasing ecosystem services, so identifying the current status of genetic diversity of riparian tree species is vital to improve the effectiveness of restoration efforts. We aimed to elicit expert views on the status and importance of genetic diversity of tree species, and conservation needs across European riparian ecosystems. Sharing of such information among researchers, managers and policymakers has the potential to enhance ecological restoration and management of riparian ecosystems. We identified experts in riparian genetic resources conservation and management across Europe. These included stakeholders with different perspectives, ranging from researchers to practitioners. We designed a set of questionnaires where our identified experts were asked to answer questions related to the status and conservation of genetic diversity of riparian tree species in their respective countries. Specifically, we asked about societal awareness, legislative tools, good practices and conservation or restoration projects accounting for intraspecific genetic diversity and differentiation of tree species in riparian ecosystems. Questionnaire responses were analysed and discussed in light of the scientific literature to define needs and priorities related to the management and conservation of genetic diversity of riparian tree species. The experts recognized that a combination of in situ and ex situ measures and/or integrative conservation of riparian ecosystems is the most appropriate option for conserving the genetic diversity of riparian tree species. Simultaneous application of conservation measures at the level of priority species, identified by experts, and protection of riparian areas are required. Synthesis and applications. This study revealed the importance of recognizing the ecological processes that shape the genetic diversity of riparian tree species in hydrographic networks (dendritic spatial configuration, specific patterns of gene flow among riparian populations, fragmentation of river by dams) but also the need to overcome socio-economic barriers, such as lack of policy priority, deficiency in funding and weak legislation framework.
Ključne besede: biodiversity conservation, genetic erosion, genetic resources conservation, knowledge transfer, management, riparian genetic diversity, vegetation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2022; Ogledov: 419; Prenosov: 283
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,02 MB)
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3.
Surprising drought tolerance of Fir (Abies) species between past climatic adaptation and future projections reveals new chances for adaptive forest management
Csaba Mátyás, František Beran, Jaroslav Dostál, Jiří Čáp, Martin Fulín, Monika Vejpustková, Gregor Božič, Pál Balázs, Josef Frýdl, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: esearch Highlights: Data of advanced-age provenance tests were reanalyzed applying a new approach, to directly estimate the growth of populations at their original sites under individually generated future climates. The results revealed the high resilience potential of fir species. Background and Objectives: The growth and survival of silver fir under future climatic scenarios are insufficiently investigated at the xeric limits. The selective signature of past climate determining the current and projected growth was investigated to analyze the prospects of adaptive silviculture and assisted transfer of silver fir populations, and the introduction of non-autochthonous species. Materials and Methods: Hargreaves% climatic moisture deficit was selected to model height responses of adult populations. Climatic transfer distance was used to assess the relative drought stress of populations at the test site, relating these to the past conditions to which the populations had adapted. ClimateEU and ClimateWNA pathway RCP8.5 data served to determine individually past, current, and future moisture deficit conditions. Besides silver fir, other fir species from South Europe and the American Northwest were also tested. Results: Drought tolerance profiles explained the responses of transferred provenances and predicted their future performance and survival. Silver fir displayed significant within-species differentiation regarding drought stress response. Applying the assumed drought tolerance limit of 100 mm relative moisture deficit, most of the tested silver fir populations seem to survive their projected climate at their origin until the end of the century. Survival is likely also for transferred Balkan fir species and for grand fir populations, but not for the Mediterranean species. Conclusions: The projections are less dramatic than provided by usual inventory assessments, considering also the resilience of populations. The method fills the existing gap between experimentally determined adaptive response and the predictions needed for management decisions. It also underscores the unique potential of provenance tests.
Ključne besede: climate change, common garden, provenance test, silver fir, grand fir, Balkan firs, drought stress, resilience, climate transfer distance, adaptation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.07.2021; Ogledov: 889; Prenosov: 565
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,46 MB)
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4.
Versatility of synthetic tRNAs in genetic code expansion
Kyle S. Hoffman, Ana Crnković, Dieter Söll, 2018, pregledni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: genetic code expansion, non-canonical amino acids, selenocysteine, synthetic biology, transfer RNA
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 07.05.2020; Ogledov: 1643; Prenosov: 1176
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1012,40 KB)
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5.
Bioinformatic analysis reveals archaeal tRNA sup [Tyr] and tRNA sup [Trp] identities in bacteria
Takahito Mukai, Noah M. Reynolds, Ana Crnković, Dieter Söll, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: aaRS, evolution, genetic code, lateral gene transfer, tRNA
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 07.05.2020; Ogledov: 1654; Prenosov: 1021
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,19 MB)
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Internal and external moisture transport resistance during non-stationary adsorption of moisture into wood
Bojan Bučar, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: The assumption that non-stationary sorption processes associated with wood canbe evaluated by analysis of their transient system response to the disturbance developed is undoubtedly correct. In general it is, in fact, possible to obtain by time analysis of the transient phenomenon - involving the transition into an arbitrary new state of equilibrium - all data required for a credible evaluation of the observed system. Evaluation of moisture movement during drying or moistening requires determination of external moisture transfer resistance from or to wood surfaces, as well as internal resistance. Time-dependent changes in the moisture content of the spruce (Picea abies Karst.) samples of different thickness were monitored gravimetrically, during which the frequency of weighing was in accord with thespeed of moistening. It was assumed that quasi-isothermal sorption processes associated with wood could be evaluated as first order systems. The characteristic time constant ? determines, wholly and uniformly, the time dependence of the sorption process for the relevant sorption range of wood tissue. The connection between the time constant and the thickness of the sample measured in the direction of the material flux is potential, with the power depending solely on the relationship between the external mass transfer convection and internal diffusion resistance. To determine the said resistances or coefficients of mass transfer convection and diffusivity, the experiment must be carried out on samples of varying thickness. It is only in this way that the external mass transfer convection and internal diffusion resistance can be correctly distinguished.
Ključne besede: wood sorption, first order system, time constant, mass transfer, diffusivity
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4366; Prenosov: 1871
.pdf Celotno besedilo (428,03 KB)

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