1. Blood culture contamination creep independent of COVID-19 pandemics : an interrupted time-series analysisSamo Jeverica, Jani Dernič, Peter Golob, Alenka Stepišnik, Bojan Novak, Tomaž Gantar, Lea Papst, Anamarija Juriševič Dodič, Darja Barlič-Maganja, Jan Zmazek, Mladen Gasparini, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background/Objectives: Our study aimed to assess longitudinal trends in blood culture contamination in a regional secondary care teaching hospital before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate differences in the interpretation of trends using two distinct quasi-experimental statistical methods, including interrupted time-series analysis. Methods: We analyzed data from a 10-year period spanning from 2015 to 2024, encompassing 147,733 admissions and 634,158 patient-days, as well as a total of 25,068 blood cultures. The (i) blood culture contamination rate, (ii) contaminant proportion, (iii) single blood culture rate, and (iv) first-to-second bottle contamination ratio were calculated. Results: The observed usage rate of blood cultures per 1000 patient-days was 38.9. The contamination rate of blood cultures increased from 0.9% to 1.5% (p = 0.001) in the post-COVID-19 period, accompanied by a rise in the proportion of contaminant bacteria from 9.8% to 14.2% (p = 0.016). Additionally, the proportion of single blood culture collections increased from 23.1% to 33.6% (p < 0.001). Finally, the overall first-to-second bottle contamination ratio was 1.54, while the ratio in the post-COVID-19 period was 1.92. Conclusions: In a low-COVID-19-burden secondary care teaching hospital setting, blood culture contamination rates have progressively increased over the past decade, irrespective of the pandemic. These findings underscore the importance of sustained vigilance in infection prevention and control practices, strict adherence to blood culture collection protocols, and the ongoing need for staff training.
Ključne besede: blood culture, blood culture contamination, COVID-19, Slovenia, interrupted time-series analysis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.02.2026; Ogledov: 134; Prenosov: 64
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3. Factors associated with disease flare following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases : results from the physician-reported EULAR Coronavirus Vaccine (COVAX) RegistryBayram Farisogullari, Saskia Lawson-Tovey, Kimme L Hyrich, Laure Gossec, Loreto Carmona, Anja Strangfeld, Elsa Frazão Mateus, Martin Schäfer, Ana Maria Rodrigues, Eric Hachulla, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objectives: To investigate the frequency and factors associated with disease flare following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in people with inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (I-RMDs). Methods: Data from the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology Coronavirus Vaccine physician-reported registry were used. Factors associated with flare in patients with I-RMDs were investigated using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for demographic and clinical factors. Results: The study included 7336 patients with I-RMD, with 272 of 7336 (3.7%) experiencing flares and 121 of 7336 (1.6%) experiencing flares requiring starting a new medication or increasing the dosage of an existing medication. Factors independently associated with increased odds of flare were: female sex (OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.05 to 1.87), active disease at the time of vaccination (low disease activity (LDA), OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.08 to 1.94; moderate/high disease activity (M/HDA), OR=1.37, 95% CI=0.97 to 1.95; vs remission), and cessation/reduction of antirheumatic medication before or after vaccination (OR=4.76, 95% CI=3.44 to 6.58); factors associated with decreased odds of flare were: higher age (OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.83 to 0.98), non-Pfizer/AstraZeneca/Moderna vaccines (OR=0.10, 95% CI=0.01 to 0.74; vs Pfizer), and exposure to methotrexate (OR=0.57, 95% CI=0.37 to 0.90), tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.36 to 0.85) or rituximab (OR=0.27, 95% CI=0.11 to 0.66), versus no antirheumatic treatment. In a multivariable model using new medication or dosage increase due to flare as the dependent variable, only the following independent associations were observed: active disease (LDA, OR=1.47, 95% CI=0.94 to 2.29; M/HDA, OR=3.08, 95% CI=1.91 to 4.97; vs remission), cessation/reduction of antirheumatic medication before or after vaccination (OR=2.24, 95% CI=1.33 to 3.78), and exposure to methotrexate (OR=0.48, 95% CI=0.26 to 0.89) or rituximab (OR=0.10, 95% CI=0.01 to 0.77), versus no antirheumatic treatment. Conclusion: I-RMD flares following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were uncommon. Factors associated with flares were identified, namely higher disease activity and cessation/reduction of antirheumatic medications before or after vaccination.
Ključne besede: antirheumatic agents, autoimmune diseases, Covid-19, epidemiology, vaccination
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.02.2026; Ogledov: 106; Prenosov: 42
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4. Response rate of the third and fourth doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine administered to cancer patients undergoing active anti-neoplastic treatmentsAbed Agbarya, Ina Sarel, Tomer Ziv-Baran, Orna Schwartz, Yelena Shechtman, Ella Kozlener, Rasha Khoury, Mohammad Sheikh Ahmad, Leonard Saiegh, Forat Swaid, Ahmad Asala Abu, Urška Janžič, Ronen Brenner, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: SARS-CoV-2, BNT162b2 vaccine, cancer patients, anti-neoplastic treatment, chemotherapy, antibodies, immunogenicity, COVID-19, immunocompromise
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.02.2026; Ogledov: 145; Prenosov: 40
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5. A three-dose mRNA COVID-19 vaccine regime produces both suitable immunogenicity and satisfactory efficacy in patients with solid cancersUrška Janžič, Urška Bidovec, Peter Korošec, Katja Mohorčič, Loredana Mrak, Marina Čakš, Maja Ravnik, Erik Škof, Matija Rijavec, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: The recommended booster third dose of vaccination against COVID-19 in cancer patients seems reasonable to protect them against a severe disease course. A prospective study was designed to assess the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in this cohort. Methods: Patients with solid malignancies on active treatment were followed up after the primary course and booster third dose of vaccination to assess their anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG levels, efficacy in the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and safety. Results: Out of 125 patients receiving the primary course of vaccination, 66 patients received a booster third dose of mRNA vaccine, with a 20-fold increase in median anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG levels compared to Ab levels six months post-primary course of vaccination (p < 0.0001). After the booster third dose, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG levels were comparable to healthy controls (p = 0.113). There was a decline in Ab levels 3 (p = 0.0003) and 6 months (p < 0.0001) post-third booster dose. No patients had either a severe disease course or a lethal outcome in the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection after the third booster dose. Conclusion: The third booster vaccination dose against COVID-19 in solid cancer patients triggers substantial immunogenicity and is safe and effective for preventing a severe COVID-19 disease course.
Ključne besede: solid cancer, COVID-19 vaccination, booster third dose
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.02.2026; Ogledov: 100; Prenosov: 42
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6. A time series analysis approach to quantify change in antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption during COVID-19 epidemics : a multicentre cross-national ecological study on behalf of QUantifying change in Antibiotic Resistance, ANTibiotic use, and INfection control during COVID-19 Epidemics study projectMarianna Meschiari, José María López Lozano, Filippo Medioli, Erica Bacca, Mario Sarti, Mateja Pirš, Sergeja Gregorčič, Bojana Beović, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objectives: We aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on antibiotic consumption (AMC) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the new epidemiological scenario from a cross-national perspective. Methods: A quasi-experimental retrospective multicentre ecological study was conducted to explore the impact of COVID-19 on AMC and AMR using routinely generated retrospective time series data. This study included nine Healthcare University Hospitals from Europe and Israel on behalf QUantifying change in Antibiotic Resistance, ANTibiotic use, and INfection control during COVID-19 Epidemics project. Total effects were defined as the difference between the pre-COVID-19 period (ranging from January 2015 or January 2016 to February 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic period (March 2020 to July 2021 or December 2021). The outcomes were incidence density (ID) of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Clostridioides difficile, as monthly isolates per 1000 patient days and the monthly AMC ranked according to the Access, Watch, and Reserve WHO classification system. Results: We assessed 15.9 million total hospital bed days, 315 736 COVID-19 bed days, 52 557 monthly bacterial isolates, and 461 739 monthly antimicrobial defined daily doses. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the consumption of overall hospital antibiotics combined in all centres except two. Prescriptions for piperacillin/tazobactam, glycopeptides, and ceftazidime/avibactam increased, whereas third-generation cephalosporins, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones returned to pre-pandemic levels after an initial surge, in all centres. A positive relationship between the pandemic intensity and VRE ID was observed in 6 of 9 (66%) centres followed by methicillin-resistant S. aureus-ID and carbapenemresistant P. aeruginosa-ID 3 of 4 (44%) for both. A negative relationship was found for extendedspectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli ID. Discussion: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with higher usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics and higher incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, with great variability by countries. These results could support international action plans that embed AMR as a priority in the post-COVID-19 era.
Ključne besede: antibiotic consumption, antimicrobial resistance, COVID-19, multicentre, multi-drug resistant organisms, non-linear time series, thresholds
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.02.2026; Ogledov: 135; Prenosov: 64
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8. The impact of the covid−19 pandemic on nurses' and physicians' mental health : a literature reviewUroš Višić, Maja Sočan, 2022, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Introduction: The covid-19 pandemic is characterised by an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in healthcare professionals. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. The literature search took place from November 2020 to January 2021. The search was conducted in the Pubmed, Ebsco, Ovid and Google Scholar databases, using the following combinations of keywords: self-image, fear, pandemic, prevention, nurses, physicians. The relevant records were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The course of the literature review is shown using the PRISMA diagram. A thematic analysis was conducted with open coding of the results. Results: From the total search set, 14 articles were selected for final analysis. The prevalence of anxiety among nurses and physicians ranged from 12.3 to 35.6%. The prevalence of anxiety was higher in nurses, with the symptoms of anxiety being significantly lower in male nurses than in their female colleagues. Discussion and conclusion: The pandemic has left a significant psychological burden on nurses and physicians. There is therefore an urgent need to include preventive psychoeducational measures such as "briefing" and "teambuilding" in supervising mental health of nurses and physicians.
Ključne besede: mental health, covid-19, health impact, risk factors, self-image, fear, pandemia, prevention, physicians, nurses
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 28.01.2026; Ogledov: 163; Prenosov: 88
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