1. Monitoring and control of forest seedling quality in EuropeMilan Mataruga, Branislav Cvjetković, Bart De Cuyper, Ina Aneva, Petr Zhelev, Pavel Cudlin, Marek Metslaid, Ville Kankaanhuhta, Catherine Collet, Peter Annighöfer, Gregor Božič, Hojka Kraigher, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The relationship between the quality of forest seedlings and their outplanting survival and growth has long been recognized. Various attributes have been proposed to measure the quality of planted seedlings in forest regeneration projects, ranging from simple morphological traits to more complex physiological and performance attributes, or a combination thereof. However, the utility and meaning of seedling quality attributes can differ significantly among regions, nursery practices, site planting conditions, species and the establishment purpose. Here, forest scientists compiled information using a common agreed questionnaire to provide a review of current practices, experiences, legislation and standards for seedling quality across 23 European countries.
Large differences exist in measuring seedling quality across countries. The control of the origin of seed and vegetative material (genetic component of plant quality), and control of pests and diseases are common practices in all countries. Morphological attributes are widely used and mandatory in most cases. However, physiological attributes are hardly used at the operative level and mainly concentrated to Fennoscandia. Quality control legislation and seedling quality standards are less strict in northern European countries where seedling production is high, and quality control relies more on the agreements between producers and local plant material users. In contrast, quality standards are stricter in Southern Europe, especially in the Mediterranean countries.
The control of seedling quality based on plantation and reforestation success is uncommon and depends on the conditions of the planting site, the traditional practices and the financial support provided by each country. Overall, European countries do not apply the “target seedling concept” for seedling production except for seed origin. Seedling production in many countries is still driven by traditional “know-how” and much less by scientific knowledge progress, which is not adequately disseminated and transferred to the end-users.
Our review highlights the need for greater harmonization of seedling quality practices across Europe and the increased dissemination of scientific knowledge to improve seedling quality in forest regeneration activities.
Ključne besede: forest nursery, forestation, legislation, morphological and physiological quality, standards, forest reproductive material, FRM
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.09.2023; Ogledov: 52; Prenosov: 19
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2. Poročilo : starost in anatomija skorje posebne smreke s hrastovo skorjo iz Kočevskega rogaJožica Gričar, Gregor Skoberne, Gregor Božič, 2023, elaborat, predštudija, študija Ključne besede: Picea abies, lubje, periderm, floem, felogen
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.08.2023; Ogledov: 62; Prenosov: 16
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3. Forest managers’ perspectives on environmental changes in the biosphere reserve Mura-Drava-DanubeMarcus Sallmannshofer, Rok Damjanić, Harald Vacik, Marjana Westergren, Tjaša Baloh, Gregor Božič, Mladen Ivanković, Gyula Kovács, Miran Lanšćak, Katharina Lapin, Laszlo Nagy, Silvija Krajter Ostoić, Saša Orlović, Srđan Stojnić, Peter Železnik, Milica Zlatković, Silvio Schueler, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Riparian forests are particularly vulnerable to environmental change and anthropogenic influences because they are highly dynamic ecosystems, thus proper adaptation measures are crucial. The implementation of these measures, however, strongly depends on the actors’ perceptions of the specific problems occurring in such forests. For understanding the constraints of specific interest groups toward different adaptation activities, information in this field is essential. By conducting a questionnaire survey we explore how different types of forest managers, i.e., forestry professionals, forest owners, and conservation managers, perceive the effects of environmental change on forest management in the recently established Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Mura-Drava-Danube. We show that these forest managers are highly aware of ongoing environmental changes and appraise deteriorating forest conditions, especially after observing changes themselves. Abiotic damage is expected to increase the most, followed by biotic damage, the spread of non-native species, and tree dieback. Nearly 80% of the survey respondents expect further changes and almost all of them intend to adapt their management of forests to mitigate or prepare for these changes. Nevertheless, we show differences in sensitivity to change and willingness to initiate adaptation actions by assessing adaptation thresholds: conservation managers appear generally more tolerant to changes, which results in higher thresholds to initiate management adaptation than forestry professionals
Ključne besede: biosphere reserve Mura-Drava-Danube, forest management, sensitivity to environmental change, stakeholder perception, adaptation thresholds, riparian forest tree species
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.05.2023; Ogledov: 114; Prenosov: 84
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4. Continental-wide population genetics and post-Pleistocene range expansion in field maple (Acer campestre L.), a subdominant temperate broadleaved tree speciesEric Wahlsteen, Evangelia V. Avramidou, Gregor Božič, Rida Mohammed Mediouni, Bernhard Schuldt, Halina Sobolewska, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Acer campestre L. is a rarely silviculturally managed and poorly investigated European tree species which forms seminatural populations and can thus be considered as a model tree for studying post glacial colonisation and phylogeography. Herein, we studied the genetic structure of Acer campestre L. in order to investigate population and genetic diversity clines over the distribution range and for synthesizing the results into a post-Pleistocene range expansion hypothesis. We characterised the genetic diversity and population structure of 61 Acer campestre populations using 12 microsatellite markers. The three detected gene pools are structured geographically creating a longitudinal pattern corresponding with their proposed refugial origin. The results indicated a longitudinal population cline with three strong but highly admixed gene pools. Based on the possible signal from the structure results, a number of phylogeographic dispersal hypotheses were tested using approximate Bayesian computation, and this analysis supported the three refugia scenario with a simultaneous divergence prior to the last glacial maximum. Acer campestre shows a typical decrease in population diversity with northern and western distribution and signatures of surfng alleles in the western expansion axis in 2% of the included alleles. Acer campestre exhibits a high degree of admixture among populations and typical signatures of isolation by distance with no naturally delimited subpopulations. The population structure is rather impacted by geographically, than climatologically means with surfng alleles and alleles strongly limited to geographical areas. Our data also suggest that the population structure still today harbours signatures of post glacial migrations from Mediterranean as well as northern glacial refugia.
Ključne besede: allele surfing, Bayesian inference, glacial refugia, nuclear SSR, sliding window
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 07.03.2023; Ogledov: 203; Prenosov: 77
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6. ZaDravo : projektna naloga - sklop BGregor Božič, 2022, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Ključne besede: smernice, dolgoročna revitalizacija, gozdni habitatni tip, HT91E0*, gozdni reprodukcijski material, Drava, Slovenija, poročila
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.12.2022; Ogledov: 259; Prenosov: 65
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7. ZaDravo : projektna naloga - sklop BGregor Božič, Andreja Ferreira, Marko Bajc, Marjana Westergren, 2022, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Ključne besede: beli topol, evropski črni topol, genski sklad, izbira drevesa, lokacija, spol, vrstna čistost, genetski označevalci, oblika lista, Drava, Slovenija, poročila
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.12.2022; Ogledov: 255; Prenosov: 65
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8. ZaDravo : projektna naloga - sklop BGregor Božič, 2022, elaborat, predštudija, študija Ključne besede: beli topol, evropski črni topol, gozdna genska banka, in-situ, ex-situ, gozdni reprodukcijski material, proizvodnja sadik iz semena, tehnične smernice, Drava, Slovenija, poročila
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.12.2022; Ogledov: 255; Prenosov: 57
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9. Izvedba opazovanja in spremljanja (rekognisciranja) naravnih populacij in dreves belega topola, črnega topola in bele vrbe ob reki Muri za projekt »Natura Mura - Obnovitev mokrotnih habitatov ob Muri« : projektna nalogaGregor Božič, 2022, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Ključne besede: beli topol, Evropski črni topol, bela vrba, izbor dreves, proizvodnja sadik, tehnične smernice, Mura, poročila, Slovenija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.12.2022; Ogledov: 245; Prenosov: 61
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10. The status and role of genetic diversity of trees for the conservation and management of riparian ecosystems : a European experts' perspectiveFilip Alimpić, Jelena Milovanović, Remigiusz Pielech, Georgi Hinkov, Roland Jansson, Simon Dufour, Marcin Beza, Nebi Bilir, Luis Santos del Blanco, Gregor Božič, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Riparian vegetation supports high biodiversity providing many services and is, therefore, an important landscape element. Riparian ecosystems are subject to numerous pressures leading to population decline and genetic erosion of riparian plants. This may have cascading effects at various ecosystem levels, including decreasing ecosystem services, so identifying the current status of genetic diversity of riparian tree species is vital to improve the effectiveness of restoration efforts. We aimed to elicit expert views on the status and importance of genetic diversity of tree species, and conservation needs across European riparian ecosystems. Sharing of such information among researchers, managers and policymakers has the potential to enhance ecological restoration and management of riparian ecosystems. We identified experts in riparian genetic resources conservation and management across Europe. These included stakeholders with different perspectives, ranging from researchers to practitioners. We designed a set of questionnaires where our identified experts were asked to answer questions related to the status and conservation of genetic diversity of riparian tree species in their respective countries. Specifically, we asked about societal awareness, legislative tools, good practices and conservation or restoration projects accounting for intraspecific genetic diversity and differentiation of tree species in riparian ecosystems. Questionnaire responses were analysed and discussed in light of the scientific literature to define needs and priorities related to the management and conservation of genetic diversity of riparian tree species. The experts recognized that a combination of in situ and ex situ measures and/or integrative conservation of riparian ecosystems is the most appropriate option for conserving the genetic diversity of riparian tree species. Simultaneous application of conservation measures at the level of priority species, identified by experts, and protection of riparian areas are required. Synthesis and applications. This study revealed the importance of recognizing the ecological processes that shape the genetic diversity of riparian tree species in hydrographic networks (dendritic spatial configuration, specific patterns of gene flow among riparian populations, fragmentation of river by dams) but also the need to overcome socio-economic barriers, such as lack of policy priority, deficiency in funding and weak legislation framework.
Ključne besede: biodiversity conservation, genetic erosion, genetic resources conservation, knowledge transfer, management, riparian genetic diversity, vegetation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2022; Ogledov: 234; Prenosov: 136
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