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Povzetek: Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sed-imentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Although largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and reg-ulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to majorbiogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water.They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contri-butions often go unrecognised, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, fresh-water, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists,practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contrib-ute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively,lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we list examples of the main ecosystem services provided by subter-ranean systems to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. Webelieve this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples to communicate more effectivelythe importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.
Ključne besede: groundwater, hypogean, nature value, drinking water, food production, biotechnology, geothermal energy, sustainability, ecotourism, cultural heritage
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.03.2026; Ogledov: 106; Prenosov: 91
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Povzetek: This editorial article introduces the special issue "The importance of common lands' management for sustaining ecosystem services". This special issue explores the dynamics of common lands and their role in providing ecosystem services, highlighting the interplay between local management and the environmental and social benefits they engender at both local and regional scales. It addresses an underexplored field through conceptual and empirical studies on provisioning and regulating ecosystem services of common lands. Effective management relies on the integration of local knowledge and participatory decision-making, yet faces challenges such as lack of recognition in policy, institutional silos, technical capacity and data gaps, cadastral uncertainty and conflict management.
Ključne besede: commons, collective actions, local communities, nature's contribution to people, ecosystem services, cultural landscape
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.01.2026; Ogledov: 289; Prenosov: 171
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Povzetek: Classical sets are characterized by ‘well-defined’ objects or elements, but this property is relative and linguistic.Classical sets, like the set of natural numbers, are primarily used for counting and measuring quantitative data. However,the literature does not address the differences in the representation of cardinalities between infinite sets and their infinitesubsets. This study investigates the cardinalities of infinite sets and their finite versions (cut cardinalities) within thefiniteapproximation ofthe real number system. Traditional fuzzy sets measure only belongingness or membership values, thuscapturing qualitative data. In the second part, this study introduces nature sets, which describe both the quantitative andqualitative aspects of elements. Quality measurement is provided by various techniques. Several properties of nature setsare examined, and potential applications are highlighted.
Ključne besede: nature set, qualitative property, quantitative property, cut cardinality
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.11.2025; Ogledov: 352; Prenosov: 244
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Povzetek: etween 1st and 6th June 2023, we conducted floristic research on sev-eral sites in the upper Neretva River valley and along Zalomka River at Nevesinjsko Polje. We recorded 933 taxa in total; 897 plant taxa including 125 bryophytes were found at 51 localities in the upper Neretva River val-ley, and 200 plant taxa, including 32 bryophytes, were found at 11 sites in the Zalomka River valley. Among the registered taxa, 39 taxa are endemic to the Balkan Peninsula, 56 are listed in the List of endangered and rare taxa of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 27 are on the Red List of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and 95 taxa are protected in the Republic of Srpska. We also registered several species new to the flora of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Among Angiosperms these were Barbarea intermedia, Lamium hybridum, Myosotis sicula and Poa ursina, and among bryophytes Fissidens gracilifolius, Grimmia dissimulata, Plagiomnium ellipticum, Schistidium robustum, Sphenolobus minutus, Tortella fasciculata and T. pseudofragilis. Our study reveals the high nature conservation value of the upper Neretva and Zalomka River valleys that should be protected for future generations. In addition, further systematic research of the flora of Bosnia and Herzegovina is needed
Ključne besede: angiosperms, mosses, nature conservation, Neretva River, vegetation, are species
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.10.2025; Ogledov: 380; Prenosov: 217
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Povzetek: Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Though largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and regulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to major biogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water. They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contributions often go unrecognized, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists, practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contribute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively, lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we provide examples of the main services to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. We believe this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples and targeted metaphors to more effectively communicate the importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.
Ključne besede: cultural heritage, ecotourism, sustainability, geothermal energy, biotechnology, food production, drinking water, nature value, hypogean, groundwater
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 667; Prenosov: 997
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