1. Lizard host abundances and climatic factors explain phylogenetic diversity and prevalence of blood parasites on an oceanic islandRodrigo Megía-Palma, Gemma Palomar, Javier Martínez, Bernardo Antunes, Katarzyna Dudek, Anamarija Žagar, Nina Guerra Serén, Miguel A. Carretero, Wiesław Babik, Santiago Merino, 2023, zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov Povzetek: 1. Host abundance might favour the maintenance of a high phylogenetic diversity of some parasites via rapid transmission rates. Blood parasites of insular lizards represent a good model to test this hypothesis because these parasites can be particularly prevalent in islands and host lizards highly abundant. 2. We applied deep amplicon sequencing and analysed environmental predictors of blood parasite prevalence and phylogenetic diversity in the endemic lizard Gallotia galloti across 24 localities on Tenerife, an island in the Canary archipelago that has experienced increasing warming and drought in recent years. 3. Parasite prevalence assessed by microscopy was over 94% and a higher proportion of infected lizards was found in warmer and drier locations. A total of 33 different 18s rRNA parasite haplotype were identified and the phylogenetic analyses indicated that they belong to two genera of Adeleorina (Apicomplexa: Coccidia), with Karyolysus as the dominant genus. The most important predictor of between-locality variation in parasite phylogenetic diversity was the abundance of lizard hosts. 4. A combination of climatic and host demographic factors associated with an insular syndrome may be favouring a rapid transmission of blood parasites among lizards on Tenerife, which may favour the maintenance of a high phylogenetic diversity of parasites.
Ključne besede: lizards, parasites, genetics, biogeography, habitat, data
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.10.2025; Ogledov: 588; Prenosov: 446
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2. Size, age, telomere and ecophysiology data of Gallotia galloti lizard species sampled in Tenerife : version v1Nina Guerra Serén, Rodrigo Megía-Palma, Tatjana Simčič, Miha Krofel, Fabio Maria Guarino, Catarina Pinho, Anamarija Žagar, Miguel A. Carretero, 2023, zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov Povzetek: The dataset is used in the manuscript "Nina Serén, Rodrigo Megía-Palma, Tatjana Simčič, Miha Krofel, Fabio Maria Guarino, Catarina Pinho, Anamarija Žagar, Miguel A. Carretero. Functional responses in a lizard along a 3.5 km altitudinal gradient. Journal of Biogeography (under review)." The dataset consists of measurements of individual lizards of the species Gallotia galloti, each tagged with a unique CODE. Data include year of sampling, population name, exact elevation (in meters above sea level) and approximate elevation (rounded to the nearest hundred, in meters), and sex. Measurements were as follows: Snout Vent Length (in millimeters), Mass (in grams), AGE_Consensus (in years), Relative Telomere Length, PMA(29ºC, 33 ºC and 37ºC) (Potential metabolic activity measured at experimental conditions of 29˚C, 33ºC and 37ºC, respectively,in µLO2/mg prot/h), Catalase (in relative units U/mg protein), EWLa (accumulated evaporative water loss (in grams) and Temperature_8AM-5PM (measurements of cloacal temperature at hourly intervals starting at 8AM and ending at 5PM).
Ključne besede: lizards, ecophysiology, oxydative stress, telomeres, climate change, data
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.10.2025; Ogledov: 702; Prenosov: 539
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3. Selection on the vascular-remodeling BMPER gene is associated with altitudinal adaptation in an insular lizardNina Guerra Serén, Catarina Pinho, Rodrigo Megía-Palma, Prem Aguilar, Anamarija Žagar, Pedro Andrade, Miguel A. Carretero, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: High altitude imposes several extreme constraints on life, such as low oxygen pressure and high levels of ultraviolet radiation, which require specialized adaptations. Many studies have focused on how endothermic vertebrates respond to these challenging environments, but there is still uncertainty on how ectotherms adapt to these conditions. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing of low-altitude (100–600 m) and high-altitude (3,550 m) populations of the wide-ranging Tenerife lizard Gallotia galloti to uncover signatures of selection for altitudinal adaptation. The studied populations show reduced differentiation, sharing similar patterns of genetic variation. Selective sweep mapping suggests that signatures of adaptation to high altitude are not widespread across the genome, clustering in a relatively small number of genomic regions. One of these regions contains BMPER, a gene involved with vascular remodeling, and that has been associated with hypoxia-induced angiogenic response. By genotyping samples across 2 altitudinal transects, we show that allele frequency changes at this locus are not gradual, but rather show a well-defined shift above ca. 1,900 m. Transcript and protein structure analyses on this gene suggest that putative selection likely acts on noncoding variation. These results underline how low oxygen pressure generates the most consistent selective constraint in high-altitude environments, to which vertebrates with vastly contrasting physiological profiles need to adapt in the context of ongoing climate change.
Ključne besede: high altitude, adaptations, ectotherms, whole-genome sequencing, selective sweep, BMPER gene, hypoxia, genomics
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.10.2024; Ogledov: 1792; Prenosov: 1133
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4. Functional responses in a lizard along a 3.5-km altitudinal gradientNina Guerra Serén, Rodrigo Megía-Palma, Tatjana Simčič, Miha Krofel, Fabio Maria Guarino, Catarina Pinho, Anamarija Žagar, Miguel A. Carretero, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Aim: Physiological and metabolic performance are key mediators of the functional response of species to environmental change. Few environments offer such a multifaceted array of stressors as high-altitude habitats, which differ markedly in temperature, water availability, UV radiation and oxygen pressure compared to low-altitude habitats. Species that inhabit large altitudinal gradients are thus excellent models to study how organisms respond to environmental variation. Location: Tenerife island, Canary Islands archipelago (Spain). Taxon: Tenerife lizard (Gallotia galloti, Lacertidae). Methods: We integrated data on age structure, thermal and hydric regulatory behaviour and four metabolic and stress-related biomarkers for an insular lizard that inhabits an extreme altitudinal range (sea level to 3700 m a.s.l.), to understand how an ectotherms' age, ecophysiology and metabolism can be affected by extreme environmental variation. Results: We found marked differences in metabolic stress markers associated with altitude (particularly in the abundance of carbonyl metabolites and relative telomere length), but without a linear pattern along the altitudinal cline. Contrary to expectations, longer telomeres and lower carbonyl content were detected at the highest altitude, suggesting reduced stress in these populations. Evaporative water loss differed between populations but did not follow a linear altitudinal gradient. Lizard age structure or thermal physiological performance did not markedly change across different altitudes. Mixed signals in life-history and thermal ecology across populations and altitude suggest complex responses to variable conditions across altitude in this species. Main Conclusions: Our integrative study of multiple functional traits demonstrated that adaptation to highly divergent environmental conditions in this lizard is potentially linked to an interplay between plasticity and local adaptation variably associated with different functional traits.
Ključne besede: ecophysiology, evaporative water loss, metabolic activity, oxidative stress, preferred temperatures, relative telomere length, skeletochronology, lizard
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Ogledov: 1586; Prenosov: 1793
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5. Environmental factors influence cross-talk between a heat shock protein and an oxidative stress protein modification in the lizard Gallotia gallotiEdward Gilbert, Anamarija Žagar, Marta López-Darias, Rodrigo Megía-Palma, Karen A. Lister, Max Dolton Jones, Miguel A. Carretero, Nina Guerra Serén, Pedro Beltran-Alvarez, Katharina C. Wollenberg-Valero, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Better understanding how organisms respond to their abiotic environment, especially at the biochemical level, is critical in predicting population trajectories under climate change. In this study, we measured constitutive stress biomarkers and protein post-translational modifications associated with oxidative stress in Gallotia galloti, an insular lizard species inhabiting highly heterogeneous environments on Tenerife. Tenerife is a small volcanic island in a relatively isolated archipelago off the West coast of Africa. We found that expression of GRP94, a molecular chaperone protein, and levels of protein carbonylation, a marker of cellular stress, change across different environments, depending on solar radiation-related variables and topology. Here, we report in a wild animal population, cross-talk between the baseline levels of the heat shock protein-like GRP94 and oxidative damage (protein carbonylation), which are influenced by a range of available temperatures, quantified through modelled operative temperature. This suggests a dynamic trade-off between cellular homeostasis and oxidative damage in lizards adapted to this thermally and topologically heterogeneous environment.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.05.2024; Ogledov: 1511; Prenosov: 1209
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6. Lizard host abundances and climatic factors explain phylogenetic diversity and prevalence of blood parasites on an oceanic islandRodrigo Megía-Palma, Gemma Palomar, Javier Martínez, Bernardo Antunes, Katarzyna Dudek, Anamarija Žagar, Nina Guerra Serén, Miguel A. Carretero, Wiesław Babik, Santiago Merino, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Host abundance might favour the maintenance of a high phylogenetic diversity of some parasites via rapid transmission rates. Blood parasites of insular lizards represent a good model to test this hypothesis because these parasites can be particularly prevalent in islands and host lizards highly abundant. We applied deep amplicon sequencing and analysed environmental predictors of blood parasite prevalence and phylogenetic diversity in the endemic lizard Gallotia galloti across 24 localities on Tenerife, an island in the Canary archipelago that has experienced increasing warming and drought in recent years. Parasite prevalence assessed by microscopy was over 94%, and a higher proportion of infected lizards was found in warmer and drier locations. A total of 33 different 18s rRNA parasite haplotypes were identified, and the phylogenetic analyses indicated that they belong to two genera of Adeleorina (Apicomplexa: Coccidia), with Karyolysus as the dominant genus. The most important predictor of between-locality variation in parasite phylogenetic diversity was the abundance of lizard hosts. We conclude that a combination of climatic and host demographic factors associated with an insular syndrome may be favouring a rapid transmission of blood parasites among lizards on Tenerife, which may favour the maintenance of a high phylogenetic diversity of parasites.
Ključne besede: Canary Islands, climate change, next-generation sequencing, phylogenetic analyses, zoology, ecology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.05.2024; Ogledov: 1466; Prenosov: 1132
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