61. Jara kača delavskega soupravljanja v slovenskih bankahBarbara Rajgelj, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Avtorica analizira slovensko poosamosvojitveno zakonodajo in ustavne odločbe na področju sodelovanja delavcev pri upravljanju v upravljalnih organih bank. Medtem ko je splošna ureditev soupravljanja za delavce tudi primerjalno gledano na relativno visokem nivoju, so bili v zadnjih 30 letih zaradi zakonskih omejitev delavci od soodločanja v organih bank glavnino časa v celoti ali delno izključeni. Enako obravnavo delavcev v bančnem in drugih sektorjih prinaša več pomembnih odločitev Ustavnega sodišča, zadnja takšna je odločba št. U-I-186/21 z dne 18.12.2024, s katero je sodišče razveljavilo zakonsko ureditev, ki je omogočala sodelovanje delavcev v organih nadzora bank, izključevala pa je sodelovanje v organih vodenja.
Ključne besede: delavsko soupravljanje, delavsko soodločanje, korporativno upravljanje, bančništvo
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 89; Prenosov: 25
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62. Glucometabolic efficacy of the empagliflozin/metformin combination in people with type 1 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk : a sub-analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trialMiodrag Janić, Andrej Janež, Mišo Šabovič, Mohamed El-Tanani, Imran Rangraze, Manfredi Rizzo, Mojca Lunder, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background/Objectives: People with type 1 diabetes have an unmet need for cardiovascular protection due to the lack of new recommended antidiabetic therapies with cardiovascular benefits. We examined whether the addition of an empagliflozin/metformin combination, and each drug alone, can complement insulin to improve glucometabolic parameters in overweight people with type 1 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: This pilot, single-center double-blind randomized controlled trial included 40 people with type 1 diabetes. In addition to insulin, they received empagliflozin (25 mg daily), metformin (2000 mg daily), an empagliflozin/metformin combination, or a placebo. The intervention period was 12 weeks. Glycemic parameters, insulin requirements, and blood and urine samples were analyzed. Indices for liver fibrosis were calculated. Due to potential safety concerns, participants regularly measured blood ketone values. Results: The empagliflozin/metformin combination decreased HbA1c (−0.6%, p < 0.05) and weight (−6.1 kg, p < 0.05). Empagliflozin decreased the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (−31.4 ± 4.9%, p = 0.002). The empagliflozin/metformin combination and empagliflozin decreased the estimated daily proteinuria (−34.6 ± 5.0%, p = 0.006 and −35.9 ± 6.2%, p = 0.03, respectively), the calculated FIB-4 (up to −17.8 ± 5.2%, p = 0.04 and −10.7 ± 3.7%, p = 0.02, respectively), and other liver fibrosis indices and uric acid values. No significant side effects occurred during the study. Conclusions: The empagliflozin/metformin combination improved glycemic control, reduced weight and insulin requirements, and produced several additional beneficial metabolic effects in overweight people with type 1 diabetes with increased cardiovascular risk.
Ključne besede: type 1 diabetes, empagliflozin/metformin combination, glycemic control
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 77; Prenosov: 36
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63. ACE gene and male infertility : a South Slavic case-control study and multi-omics data integrationTanja Kunej, Rebeka Podgrajšek, Helena Jaklič, Alenka Hodžić, Martin Štimpfel, Olivera Miljanović, Momčilo Ristanović, Ivana Novaković, Dijana Plašeska Karanfilska, Predrag Noveski, Saša Ostojić, Alena Buretić-Tomljanović, Antun Gršković, Borut Peterlin, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are expressed in both female and male reproductive tracts, with angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) being an important component for male reproductive function, as shown in animal models. The most studied ACE polymorphism is the Alu insertion-deletion (I/D), which has been proposed to have a negative effect on male fertility. Given the conflicting evidence in the literature, we conducted a multicentric case-control study to investigate the association between the ACE Alu I/D polymorphism and impaired spermatogenesis. Using PCR amplification and agarose electrophoresis, we genotyped the ACE gene Alu I/D polymorphism in 745 South Slavic men. The study group consisted of 457 patients with impaired spermatogenesis, 239 with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and 218 with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and a control group of 288 fertile men. No association was found between the Alu I/D polymorphism and these semen phenotypes, suggesting that it is not associated with NOA or severe OAT in this cohort. To provide a broader regulatory context, we also developed an integrative atlas of ACE regulatory elements by in silico multi-omics analysis using genomics databases and bioinformatics tools. Data integration revealed various regulatory mechanisms at multiple omics levels, including genomics, epigenomics, miRNAomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and epiproteomics. These include genomic variants with predicted deleterious effects, a CpG island, microRNAs (miRNAs) and post-translational modifications (PTMs). In addition, protein interaction analysis revealed that ACE is indirectly linked to several proteins previously associated with male infertility and is also targeted by miRNA previously associated with oligozoospermia. This comprehensive, multi-faceted approach, combining genetic association analysis with bioinformatics, provides insights into ACE regulation in its broader molecular context. These results emphasize the importance of further integrative multi-omics and systems biology research to better understand the role of ACE in male reproductive function.
Ključne besede: angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE), male infertility, azoospermia, oligozoospermia, multi-omics
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64. Risking public health by approving some health claims? : The case of phosphorusIgor Pravst, 2011, drugi znanstveni članki Povzetek: There is a well-established consensus on the many biological functions of essential nutrients, and related general function health claims will be soon authorised in the European Union. Such claims about the role of nutrients in the body`s growth, development and functioning could provide a powerful marketing tool and signi?cant increase in the consumption of specific food products. Even though these claims are scientifically substantiated, there are both health and ethical concerns about whether such claims should be allowed where the intake of these nutrients easily exceeds the recommendations and a bigger intake might have adverse affects. The case of phosphorus and its role in the maintenance of normal bone is discussed.
Ključne besede: health claims, consumer protection, essential nutrients, adverse effects
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 69; Prenosov: 37
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68. European human granulocytic anaplasmosis is caused by a subcluster of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ecotype IPaulina M. Lesiczka, Friederike D. von Loewenich, Robert Kohl, Aleksandra I. Krawczyk, Ron P. Dirks, Pierre H. Boyer, Benoit Jaulhac, Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska, Tina Uršič, Franc Strle, Stanka Lotrič-Furlan, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, Miroslav Petrovec, Hein Sprong, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. However, despite its ubiquitous presence in animals and ticks, human cases are rarely reported in Europe. We generated genetic data from A. phagocytophilum from patients and compared them with sequences from wild and domestic animals to assess the zoonotic potential of the respective genotypes. The genomic sequence of an A. phagocytophilum isolate obtained from a Slovenian patient was determined. We also sequenced a groEL-gene fragment of eight isolates from human patients from France and Poland. The A. phagocytophilum genome from the Slovenian patient was more closely related to isolates from dogs than from sheep. Using groEL-based typing, isolates from humans were found within a distinct subcluster of A. phagocytophilum Ecotype I. This subcluster was defined as zoonotic. Strains from dogs, horses, cats, foxes, wolves, and wild boar were significantly overrepresented in this branch. Variants outside this subcluster were more abundant and found in a wider variety of domestic and wild animals, most notably ruminants. A similar pattern was observed for the MLST analyses targeting seven housekeeping genes. Human anaplasmosis in Europe is associated with a specific subcluster of A. phagocytophilum Ecotype I, which is not primarily associated with ruminants, but rather with dogs, horses, cats, carnivores, wild boar and hedgehogs. Our findings provide a reasonable explanation for the discrepancy between the omnipresence of A. phagocytophilum in the environment and the limited number of reported human cases. We recommend taking this genetic sub-clustering into account for future risk assessments.
Ključne besede: Anaplasma phagocytophilum, groEL, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, Ixodes ricinus, multilocus sequence typing, ecotypes, whole genome sequence, ticks
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