51. Can vestibular rehabilitation therapy be a vital support for patients transitioning home after undergoing acoustic neuroma surgery?Nataša Kos, Nika Černec, Marko Brcar, Maruša Brcar, 2025, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: surgery, vestibular, disorders, VRT, FGA
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 74; Prenosov: 38
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52. Image-guided injections for facet joint pain : evidence-based Delphi conjoined consensus paper from the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology and European Society of NeuroradiologyLuca Maria Sconfienza, Danoob Dalili, Miraude Adriaensen, Domenico Albano, Georgina Allen, Maria Pilar Aparisi Gomez, Žiga Snoj, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objectives: To perform a Delphi-based consensus on published evidence on image-guided injections for facet joint pain (FJP) and provide clinical indications. Methods: We report the results of an evidence-based Delphi consensus of 38 experts from the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology and the European Society of Neuroradiology, who reviewed the published literature for evidence on image-guided injections for FJP. Experts drafted a list of statements and graded them according to the Oxford Centre for evidence-based medicine levels of evidence. Consensus was considered strong when ≥ 95% of experts agreed with the statement or broad when > 80% but < 95% agreed. The results of the consensus were used to write the paper. Results: Twenty statements on image-guided FJP treatment have been drafted. Eighteen statements received strong consensus, while two received broad consensus. Three statements reached the highest level of evidence, all of them regarding the lumbar spine. All radiological methods are used for image-guided injections for FJP, and regardless of the radiological method used, all show good safety and efficacy. Facet joint injections and medial branch blocks are used in all spinal regions to treat FJP, and both show similar clinical outcomes. Advanced technological solutions have been studied in the field of lumbar FJP; however, the level of evidence for these is low. Conclusion: Despite promising results reported by published papers on image-guided injections for FJP, there is still a lack of evidence on injection efficacy, appropriateness of imaging methods, and optimal medication.
Ključne besede: spine, facet joints, interventional radiology, injection, Delphi process
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 77; Prenosov: 36
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53. Epidemiological and Clinical Data from the European lipodystrophy (ECLip) registryGiovanni Ceccarini, Camille Vatier, Baris Akinci, Ines Belalem, Marjoleine Broekema, Eva Csajbok, Iztok Štotl, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objective: Lipodystrophy syndromes comprise a group of rare diseases characterized by loss of adipose tissue without nutritional or catabolic causes. As the rarity of these conditions necessitates collaboration, the European Consortium of Lipodystrophies (ECLip) established an international, longitudinal registry for patients with all forms of lipodystrophy (excluding HIV-associated cases). Methods: From December 2017 to November 2023, 19 centres from 13 countries recruited 631 patients into the ECLip registry. Cross-sectional data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Prospective data was available for 467 patients (82.7%, female; 86.5% adults; median age 44.0 years). Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) was the most common subtype (57.4%), especially FPLD2 (37.9%). However, in men congenital generalized lipodystrophy was nearly as common as FPLD (33.3% vs. 35.8%). Symptoms at onset varied by subtype, with loss of adipose tissue being the most frequent. More than 70% of the patients suffered from metabolic complications, particularly dyslipidaemia (59.0%) and diabetes (48.4%) but prevalence and severity varied between subtypes (prevalence of diabetes for example 76.9% in patients with acquired partial lipodystrophy vs 8.7% in acquired localized lipodystrophy). Metreleptin, the only disease-specific treatment, was used by 11.6% of all patients. 34 deaths were documented, primarily due to cardiovascular events and cancer. Patients with generalized forms of lipodystrophy died earlier compared to patients with partial forms (median age at death 27.0 vs. 72.0 years). Conclusion: This study describes the largest cohort of patients with lipodystrophy reported to date. The dataset offers a comprehensive view of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and associated comorbidities of lipodystrophy.
Ključne besede: lipodystrophy, registry, metabolic diseases, chronic complications, adipose tissue, leptin
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 93; Prenosov: 39
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54. Electrochemical assessment of crosslinked self-assembled monolayers of behenic acid for enhanced corrosion protection of bronze and patinated surfacesHelena Biljanić, Barbara Markulić, Tadeja Kosec, Marija Mirosavljević, Vladan Desnica, Domagoj Šatović, Damir Kralj, Katarina Marušić, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Bronze sculptures and historical artifacts typically develop natural or artificially induced patinas that enhance aesthetic value and confer some degree of corrosion protection. However, patinated surfaces are vulnerable to environmental degradation, especially due to acid rain, resulting in material loss and impaired visual integrity. Current protective coatings are limited by either environmental or performance constraints. While self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on fatty acids such as behenic acid offer potential corrosion protection by forming ultrathin layers on metal surfaces, their long-term effectiveness is compromised by limited chemical stability. This study addresses this critical gap by evaluating the protective effectiveness and durability of SAMs and polymer nanocoatings (PNCs) derived by crosslinking SAMs from behenic acid using gamma irradiation on bare bronze (BB), black sulfide-patinated bronze (BP), and green chloride-patinated bronze (GP) surfaces. The assessment focused primarily on electrochemical performance, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel) measurements to evaluate coating stability and corrosion resistance before and after artificial aging. Initial surface characterization employed spectroscopic (FTIR-ATR, Raman spectroscopy), microscopic (SEMEDS, metallography), elemental (X-ray fluorescence), wettability (contact angle goniometry), and visual analyses (colorimetry) to characterize the composition and morphology of the substrates. Distinct structural and chemical differences were identified, with BP characterized primarily by anilite (Cu₇S₄) and GP consisting predominantly of basic copper chlorides (Cu₂(OH)₃Cl), such as atacamite and its isomorphs. Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that while SAM coatings initially reduced corrosion current densities significantly, their protective capability diminished over time due to progressive removal of loosely bound molecules. Conversely, radiation-crosslinked PNC coatings maintained stable corrosion protection over UV-WetDry artificial aging. Minor capacitance increases indicated slight enhancement in surface activity, yet no significant degradation of the crosslinked polymer coating was observed.
Ključne besede: bronze, crosslinked protection, electrochemistry
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 85; Prenosov: 39
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55. Paediatric invasive group A streptococcal infections and associations with viral infections in 15 European countries after lifting non-pharmaceutical interventions against SARS-CoV-2 : an interrupted time-series analysisLéa Lenglart, Izel Özmen, David Aguilera-Alonso, Daniel Blazquez-Gamero, Navin P. Boeddha, Emilie Pauline Buddingh, Danilo Buonsenso, Tina Plankar Srovin, Katarina Vincek, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: After lifting non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, various countries experienced an increase in invasive Group A Streptococcal (iGAS) infections. We aimed to characterise the paediatric outbreak across Europe and to analyse the influence of viral infections. Methods: We conducted an interrupted time-series analysis based on data from 15 European countries from the PEGASUS consortium. We assessed the evolution of the number of iGAS cases aged 1 month to 18 years between 01/01/2018 and 03/31/2024, comparing the post-NPIs period (01-04-2022 until 31-03-2024) to the baseline period (01-01-2018 until 31-03-2020). Further analyses were performed by country, clinical phenotype, age and severity, including sensitivity analyses. We then explored whether certain iGAS phenotypes correlated with trends in RSV, influenza and VZV across countries over time using Google Trends data. Findings: We included 2091 iGAS cases over the study period; 79 children (3.6%) died and 580 (27.7%) required PICU admission. We estimated an overall increase of +229.8% (95% CI (141.9-341.6)) among iGAS cases from October 2022 to March 2024, compared to the baseline period. The observed increases varied across clinical phenotypes, ranging from +62.7% (95% CI (8.3-157.9)) for osteo-articular infections to +238.7% (95% CI 75.8-464.8) for pneumonia. We observed a strong correlation between the incidence of iGAS pneumonia and RSV (Rho: 0.57, 95% CI [0.11-0.79]) and influenza (Rho 0.69, 95% CI 0.35-0.87); and between skin and soft tissue infections and VZV (Rho: 0.73, 95% CI [0.42-0.89]). Interpretation: The patterns observed across Europe during this outbreak demonstrate an association between respiratory viruses as well as VZV, and iGAS.
Ključne besede: Streptococcus pyogenes, group A streptococcus, invasive streptococcal disease, outbreak, paediatrics, viral infections, viruses, influenza, flu, RSV, respiratory syncytial virus, VZV, varicella, immunity debt, non pharmaceutical interventions
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 56; Prenosov: 26
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57. The effect of nanocrystalline microstructure on deuterium transport in displacement damaged tungstenSabina Markelj, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, Mitja Kelemen, Esther Punzón Quijorna, Janez Zavašnik, Andreja Šestan, David Dellasega, Gabriele Alberti, Mateo Passoni, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The influence of grain boundaries (GBs) on the deuterium (D) transport and the creation of defects in nanocrystalline tungsten (W) films deposited on a W substrate was studied. Samples with three different grain sizes were produced for this purpose: a sample with a film having nanometer-size grains, a sample with hundred nanometer-grained film and a sample with micrometer-grained film. Samples were irradiated by 20 MeV W ions at 300 K to create displacement damage and exposed to 300 eV D ions at 450 K to populate the created and any pre-existing defects. The D transport and retention was assessed by measuring D depth profiles after certain exposure times by nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) using a 3He ion beam. From the final D concentration in the damaged area we could determine the concentration of defects that trap hydrogen, showing that the sample with the smallest grain size had the highest D concentration and it decreases with the increase of the grain size. Therefore, in nanocrystalline tungsten irradiated at 300 K, GBs do not improve radiation resistance, which would lead to fewer defects. For the first time, we show experimentally, that D transport is faster inside the nanometer-grained sample as compared to the micrometer-grained sample, meaning that D atoms have enhanced bulk diffusion along GBs. Accidentally, the film thickness was so thin that the W irradiation reached the interface between the W film and substrate, where NRA showed enhanced retention of oxygen. At that depth, two times higher D concentration was observed compared to D concentration in the damaged area in the middle of the film indicating on defect stabilization due to the presence of oxygen.
Ključne besede: grain boundaries, deuterium, tungsten, transport, displacement damage
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 61; Prenosov: 56
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58. Ethical considerations and multidisciplinary care for pediatric patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome : a narrative review with a systematic searchMojca Železnik, Urh Grošelj, Petja Fister, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) was a fatal congenital heart defect (CHD) until the 1980s. Introduction of the Norwood procedure and subsequent Fontan operation significantly improved survival by creating a single-ventricle circulation. Due to the high mortality associated with the Norwood operation, neonatal orthotopic heart transplantation emerged as an alternative, despite challenges such as lifelong immunosuppressive treatment and uncertain longevity of transplanted hearts. Methods: A narrative review with a systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, following PRISMA guidelines and included studies of ethical and medical considerations, decision-making, counseling and treatment planning in children with HLHS. In addition, we manually screened reference lists to identify further relevant literature. We aimed to explore: how do ethical considerations and decision-making processes influence the management and outcomes of fetuses and neonates with HLHS and their families across prenatal, postnatal, and long-term care? Results: Of the 115 studies, 56 met the inclusion criteria. Early diagnosis through prenatal fetal ultrasound has markedly improved survival rates by enabling better parental awareness, counseling, and decision-making. Managing HLHS requires urgent, extensive, and costly medical interventions, with outcomes influenced by the healthcare system's expertise, the experience of cardiologists and surgeons, ethical, legal, and religious considerations of the parents and medical team. The prenatal phase is crucial for optimal management, with advanced fetal ultrasound facilitating early detection. Postnatal care involves a multidisciplinary approach, including stage palliation physiology/surgery tailored to each patient. Despite surgical advancements, HLHS patients face higher morbidity and mortality rates than other patients with CHDs, with long-term survival and quality of life remaining key concerns. Ethical considerations play a significant role in the management of HLHS, encompassing the autonomy of families, the best medical interests of the child, societal, and cultural factors. Decision-making must balance full disclosure with sensitivity to parents' values and beliefs. Conclusions: Management of HLHS involves multidisciplinary approach with complex medical and ethical considerations, but the current literature lacks high-quality studies or consensus guidelines on ethical decision-making. Therefore, the influence of ethical considerations on clinical management and patient care remains unclear, highlighting the need for further research.
Ključne besede: hypoplastic left heart syndrome, congenital heart defect, prenatal diagnosis, neonatal care, palliative surgery, medical ethic, multidisciplinary care, decision making
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 74; Prenosov: 31
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59. Deuterium retention and transport in ion-irradiated tungsten exposed to deuterium atoms : role of grain boundariesSabina Markelj, Janez Zavašnik, Andreja Šestan, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, Mitja Kelemen, Esther Punzón Quijorna, Gabriele Alberti, Mateo Passoni, David Dellasega, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The influence of grain boundaries on deuterium (D) retention and transport was investigated in nanocrystalline tungsten (W) by exposing the samples to sub eV D atoms. Thin tungsten films with nanometer-sized grains were produced by pulsed laser deposition on tungsten substrates. Their grain size was increased up to one micrometer by thermal annealing in vacuum up to 1223 K. Irradiation damage was created by 20 MeV W ions at 290 K. The transmission electron microscopy analysis showed one order of magnitude larger dislocation density in nanometer-grained samples compared with the larger-grained samples. The samples were after W irradiation exposed to 0.3 eV D atoms at 600 K. D retention and D depth profiles were measured by nuclear reaction analysis. In the as-deposited nanometer-grained samples, D populated the damaged region more than three times faster than in the samples with larger grains, indicating that grain-boundaries increase D transport through the material. The concentration of defects was assessed by the final D concentration in the samples. The sample with a smallest grain size showed slightly larger D concentration in the irradiated area, but the difference in the D concentration is not substantial between different-grained samples. A large D concentration in the non-irradiated nanometer-grained sample was measured which is an indication for a high defect density in the initial material. From our observations, it can be postulated that the nanocrystalline microstructure did not substantially influence the generation of irradiation-induced defects by defect annihilation at grain boundaries.
Ključne besede: deuterium, tungsten, grain boundaries, transport, displacement damage, retention
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 74; Prenosov: 43
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60. Unveiling the radiation-induced defect production and damage evolution in tungsten using multi-energy Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in channeling configurationSabina Markelj, Janez Zavašnik, Esther Punzón Quijorna, Andreja Šestan, Mitja Kelemen, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Radiation-induced defect production in tungsten was studied by a combination of experimental and simulation methods. The analysis of structural defects was performed using multi-energy Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in channeling configuration (multi-energy C-RBS). To create different microstructures, (111) tungsten (W) single crystals were irradiated with W ions at two different doses (0.02 and 0.2 dpa) at 290 K. Detailed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the samples revealed the presence of dislocation lines and loops of different sizes. The RBSADEC code was used to simulate the measured C-RBS spectra, recorded with four different He beam energies along the <111> direction. For the first time for tungsten, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of overlapping cascades were used as input. The well-known method of randomly displaced atoms (RDA) was applied for comparison. RDA does not provide a satisfactory understanding of the nature of the induced defect structure. With MD, a very good agreement between the simulated and experimental spectra was obtained for the sample prepared at a lower dose, despite the fact that the absolute defect densities are two orders of magnitude higher than those found with TEM. A discrepancy is observed for the high-dose-irradiated sample, which is ascribed to the presence of extended defects such as dislocation lines, which are clearly observed by TEM, but cannot be formed in finite size MD cells. RBSADEC with MD cells as input can describe correctly the response of the RBS signal with analysing beam energy while RDA as input gives the wrong trend.
Ključne besede: tungsten, defects, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in channeling configuration, displacement damage, molecular dynamic simulations, transmission electron microscopy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 73; Prenosov: 39
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