241. The pandemic and counterurbanization : a comparison of Sweden and SloveniaHans Westlund, Maruša Gorišek, Darka Podmenik, Maša Rebernik, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Based on the concept of teleworkability, its sluggish determinants of industry structure and workplace culture, and the change in people’s valuation of rural amenities that happened during the pandemic, this paper analyzes their possible influence on counterurbanization during the pandemic in Sweden and Slovenia. We found signs of open (migration) as well as “hidden” counterurbanization (unregistered rural living) in both countries, stronger in Sweden than in Slovenia, and we found indications that industrial structure and national workplace cultures contributed to differences in the strength of the counterurbanization. In both countries, we found indications that the pandemic contributed to a shift in people’s relative valuation of rural vs. urban amenities. Thus, while the sluggish factors contributed to differences in teleworkability between Sweden and Slovenia, the chock implied similar reactions in the shift of the valuation of amenities. Ever since the counterurbanization of the 1970s, studies of the phenomenon have almost solely been completed within countries, and the few international comparisons that have been completed have been based on comparing the results of the national studies. This study is one of the very first ones that compares counterurbanization and its driving forces in two countries within the same analytical framework.
Ključne besede: teleworking, teleworkability, counterurbanization
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2025; Ogledov: 83; Prenosov: 21
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242. Genetic assignment at different geographical levels : a case study in a forest tree species (Pinus pinaster Ait.) using SNP markersSanna Olsson, Delphine Grivet, Marjana Westergren, Santiago C. González-Martínez, Ricardo Alía, Juan José Robledo-Arnuncio, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Genetic markers can assist in the identification of the stock origin in different organisms. Comparative studies of forest tree provenances have demonstrated that forest tree populations differ in performance across environments and at multiple geographic levels: populations nested within regions nested within gene pools. These levels are critical for conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources: regions of provenance are key units for seed marketing, while populations guide reproductive material collection under most seed regulations. Despite their potential, genetic methods have rarely been applied to identify forest tree origins due to methodological (sufficient number of highly discriminatory markers) and practical (construction of a baseline composed of a representative selection of samples) challenges. In our study, we analyzed a genomic dataset comprising 10,185 SNPs from 1579 samples of Pinus pinaster, a species with strong population structure, across 86 populations, 45 regions of provenance, and 10 gene pools, to discriminate among these hierarchical levels and assign individuals to them. We used two software packages to evaluate the reliability of our baseline dataset (i.e., reference data) for genetic discrimination and assignment: RUBIAS, which performs genetic stock identification and associated tasks, and assignPOP, implementing a supervised machine-learning genetic-assignment framework. Using numerical validation analyses, we assessed their suitability and limitations for origin inference at each geographical level. Our results indicate that origin assignment is reliable in P. pinaster at the gene pool and region of provenance levels, but less so at the population level, provided that the 10 K SNP markers and a comprehensive genetic baseline are used. Incomplete baselines may result in wrong assignments at any hierarchical level, irrespective of sampling intensity for sampled candidate origins. We provide an extensive and publicly available baseline for P. pinaster, offering a useful tool for the management of forest genetic resources of this economically and ecologically important tree species.
Ključne besede: gene pool, genetic assignment, maritime pine, origin identification, region of provenance, SNP marker
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2025; Ogledov: 118; Prenosov: 63
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243. MicroRNA expression profiles in sinonasal biopsies to support diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitisMilanka Živanović, Alojzija Hočevar, Nina Zidar, Metka Volavšek, Luka Bolha, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objectives: To identify aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in sinonasal tissue biopsies of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), associate their expression profiles to sinonasal histopathology, and assess their differential expression between subgroups of clinically proven GPA patients, healthy controls and patients exhibiting inflammation of other etiology. Methods: We included formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy tissue samples of sinonasal mucosa from 37 patients with clinically proven GPA, 15 patients with inflammation of other etiology and 14 control patients with normal histology. Of the included GPA patients, 20 patients had characteristic GPA-related histological features, while 17 patients displayed non-specific GPA histopathology in their sinonasal biopsy. Assessment of histological parameters was performed using histopathological techniques, and analysis of miRNA expression with miRCURY LNA miRNA miRNome Human PCR Panels and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: We determined expression of 306 miRNAs in sinonasal biopsy samples, which displayed different extent of dysregulation between individual patient groups. Based on their potential to discriminate between the controls, non-GPA and GPA patient subgroups, dysregulation of 11 miRNAs was further assessed, of which miR-1-3p/-21-3p/-93-5p/-155-5p/-1248/-31-3p/-182-5p/-183-5p and let-7b-5p held the potential to stratify patients based on their sinonasal tissue miRNA profile. Notably, several of these miRNAs were associated with the presence of granulomas, vasculitis and necrosis in sinonasal biopsies of GPA patients. Conclusion: Our study identifies novel miRNAs putatively implicated in the pathogenesis of GPA, and highlights dysregulated miRNAs as supporting biomarkers in establishing GPA diagnosis, particularly in the early phases of the disease, or in patients with atypical GPA presentation.
Ključne besede: biomarker, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, inflammation, microRNA, sinonasal tissue
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2025; Ogledov: 63; Prenosov: 41
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244. “Challenging but worth it!” : the purpose of participatory research in urban health, an evaluation and derived frameworkMaria Alejandra Rubio, Rok Novak, Laura Hidalgo, Jill Litt, Don Slater, David Kocman, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Participatory approaches are becoming paramount to harness the relationship between researchers, government, industry, and civil society to inform programs and policies. However, variability in implementation and limited standardized reporting hinder the systematic evaluation of their effectiveness. This study characterizes participatory methodologies in urban health research and proposes a framework for evaluating and reporting such approaches. Using an explanatory sequential design, this study evaluated 20 participatory pilot studies from the Urban Health Cluster (Horizon 2020 European Commission Programme), combining survey data and semi-structured interviews with project leads. The analysis identified four primary purposes for participatory methods: to assess health-environment correlations; raise awareness; co-create interventions; and assess health-related effects. Case studies exemplify each of these purposes. Findings informed a “purpose framework” nested within a theory-of-change model, which clarifies the rationale behind participatory approaches and maps their processes and intended impacts. The framework includes indicators for purpose, stakeholder involvement, participation mechanisms, facilitators, challenges, expected outcomes, and evaluation strategies, reported across all 20 projects. Public authorities (90 %) and civil society (85 %) are the most frequently engaged stakeholders, typically involved during project identification and deployment. Engagement was facilitated by shared motivation to address local needs, while long-term commitment posed challenges. Our results highlight the limited use of theory-of-change models in current practice and the value of structured frameworks for enhancing the reproducibility and transformative impact of participatory urban health research. The proposed framework can help align participatory methods with a theory of change and foster more effective urban health transformations.
Ključne besede: participatory research, public engagement, standardized reporting, urban health
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2025; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 54
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246. Information-optimal mixing at low Reynolds numberLuca Cocconi, Yihong Shi, Andrej Vilfan, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Mutual information between particle positions before and after mixing provides a universal assumption-free measure of mixing efficiency at low Reynolds number that accounts for the kinematic reversibility of the Stokes equation. For a generic planar shear flow with time-dependent shear rate, we derive a compact expression for the mutual information as a nonlinear functional of the shearing protocol and solve the associated extremization problem exactly to determine the optimal control under both linear and nonlinear constraints, specifically total shear and total dissipation per unit volume. Remarkably, optimal protocols turn out to be universal and time-reversal symmetric in both cases. Our results establish a minimum energetic cost of erasing information in a broad class of nonequilibrium drift-diffusive systems.
Ključne besede: information thermodynamics, mixing enhancement, nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, shear flows
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2025; Ogledov: 121; Prenosov: 52
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248. Llimited efficacy of nanoparticle-assisted electroporation for membrane permeabilization and gene electrotransferTamara Polajžer, Matej Kranjc, Slavko Kralj, Maja Caf, Rok Romih, Samo Hudoklin, Federica Rocca, Damijan Miklavčič, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Nanoparticles (NPs) were previously explored as enhancers in electroporation due to their potential to locally amplify electric fields near cell mem branes, with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in particular showing promise in improving membrane permeability and gene electrotransfer (GET). In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of NP properties—including size, shape, surface functionaliza tion, and material—on electroporation efficacy. Methods: A combined approach using theoretical modeling and experimental validation was employed, encompassing numerical simulations, membrane permeabilization assays, transmission electron microscopy Numerical results revealed that the presence of NPs alters local electric field distributions, but the amplification is highly localized, regardless of NPconductivity or geometry. Experimentally, only two out of six tested NP types produced a statistically significant, yet modest, increase in membrane permeability at one electric f ield intensity. Similarly, GET improvement was observed with only one NP type, with no dependence on concentration or functionalization. Conclusions: Overall, our findings demonstrate that NPs, under tested conditions, do not substantially enhance cell membrane permeability or GET efficacy. These conclusions are supported by both computational modeling and in vitro experiments
Ključne besede: nanodelci, numerični model, elektro tansfer
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.12.2025; Ogledov: 144; Prenosov: 59
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249. Packing $d$-dimensional balls into a $d + 1$-dimensional containerHelmut Alt, Sergio Cabello, Otfried Cheong, Ji-won Park, Nadja Seiferth, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In this article, we consider the problems of finding in $d + 1$ dimensions a minimum-volume axis-parallel box, a minimum-volume arbitrarily-oriented box and a minimum-volume convex body into which a given set of $d$-dimensional unit-radius balls can be packed under translations. The computational problem is neither known to be NP-hard nor to be in NP. We give a constant-factor approximation algorithm for each of these containers based on a reduction to finding a shortest Hamiltonian path in a weighted graph, which in turn models the problem of stabbing the centers of the input balls while keeping them disjoint. We also show that for $n$ such balls, a container of volume $O(n^{d−1 \over d})$ is always sufficient and sometimes necessary. As a byproduct, this implies that for $d \ge 2$ there is no finite size $(d + 1)$-dimensional convex body into which all $d$-dimensional unit-radius balls can be packed simultaneously.
Ključne besede: packings, translations, unit disks, unit balls, volume
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.12.2025; Ogledov: 100; Prenosov: 53
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250. The role of the MTUS1 gene in the development of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy : a case reportTevž Gorjanc, Jaka Šikonja, Ana Drole Torkar, Mojca Žerjav-Tanšek, Jernej Kovač, Sara Bertok, Maruša Debeljak, Zvezdana Dolenc-Stražar, Marija Meznarič, Jernej Mlakar, Mirko Topalović, Gorazd Mlakar, Tadej Battelino, Urh Grošelj, 2025, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy, microtubule-associated scaffold protein 1 (MTUS1), whole-genome sequencing
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.12.2025; Ogledov: 145; Prenosov: 65
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