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324. Integrating genetic insights, technological advancements, screening, and personalized pharmacological interventions in childhood obesityRobert Šket, Barbara Slapnik, Primož Kotnik, Klementina Črepinšek, Barbara Čugalj Kern, Tine Tesovnik, Barbara Jenko Bizjan, Blaž Vrhovšek, Žiga Iztok Remec, Maruša Debeljak, Tadej Battelino, Jernej Kovač, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Childhood obesity is a significant global health challenge with rising prevalence over the past 50 years, affecting both immediate and long-term health outcomes. The increase in prevalence from 0.7% to 5.6% in girls and 0.9% to 7.8% in boys highlights the urgency of addressing this epidemic. By 2025, it is estimated that 206 million children and adolescents aged 5–19 years will be living with obesity. This review explores the complex interplay of genomics and genetics in pediatric obesity, transitioning from monogenic and polygenic obesity to epigenetics, and incorporating advancements in omics technologies. The evolutionary purpose of adiposity, systemic evaluation of hyperphagia, and the role of various genetic factors are discussed. Technological advancements in genotyping offer new insights and interventions. The integration of genetic screening into clinical practice for early identification and personalized treatment strategies is emphasized.
Ključne besede: hemophilia, wearable, Florio HAEMO, adherence, patient satisfaction
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.11.2025; Ogledov: 153; Prenosov: 78
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325. Correlation of oxidative stress biomarkers with activity of pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndromeMatjaž Kopač, Aleš Jerin, Ema Bohinc, Joško Osredkar, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background/Objectives: This study investigated the correlation of oxidative stress biomarkers with the activity of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in Slovenian children. Methods: In this prospective study, sequential plasma and urine samples from 20 children with INS in different phases of disease activity were taken: at first disease presentation or relapse (before glucocorticoid (GC) treatment), at time of remission achievement, and after discontinuation of GC treatment. This study measured oxidative stress biomarkers, such as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), hexanoyl-lysine (HEL) adduct, dityrosine (DiY), and 15-isoprostane F2t, using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and assessed oxidative status using the FRAS 5 analytical system, which enables rapid photometric measurement of both oxidative and antioxidant capacity from biological fluids. Two complementary tests were performed: the d-ROMs test (derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites) and the PAT (plasma antioxidant test). The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as the ratio between them. Results: Concentrations of isoprostanes in urine were statistically significantly lower in patients at first disease presentation or relapse compared to time of remission achievement. Values of PAT test in serum were significantly highest after GC treatment. Values of d-ROMs test in serum were significantly lower at time of remission achievement compared to first disease presentation or relapse. Values of 8-OHdG, HEL, DiY (in plasma and urine), isoprostanes, and OSI in plasma did not statistically significantly differ in various phases of disease activity. Conclusions: Isoprostanes in urine and PAT in serum could serve as potential biomarkers of oxidative stress and disease activity in children with INS.
Ključne besede: oxidative stress biomarkers, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, children, oxidative stress index
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.11.2025; Ogledov: 152; Prenosov: 74
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327. Exact solution to a Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook-type equation for quantum lattice gases with dephasing noiseMichele Coppola, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The mean-state dynamics of free fermions subject to random projective measurements of local occupation number operators is governed by a Lindblad equation with dephasing noise. In the continuum limit, the equation of motion for the correlation matrix is mapped to a kinetic equation for the Wigner function, which corresponds to a special case of the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) equation without energy conservation. Our main result is the solution to the kinetic equation, showing that the Wigner dynamics emerges from stochastic sampling of classical run-and-tumble processes. As an application, we recover the crossover between ballistic and diffusive transport regimes.
Ključne besede: quantum lattice gases, dephasing noise, BGK-type kinetic equation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.11.2025; Ogledov: 157; Prenosov: 63
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