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Povzetek: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection of the central nervous system, caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) presenting clinically as meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and meningoencephalomyelitis. To investigate genetic susceptibility to TBE, and its severe forms, we conducted a genome-wide association study in the European population comprising 1,600 TBE cases and 9,699 controls. We identified several suggestive (p < 1 × 10−5) intronic and exonic variants in ABCG1, the only gene significantly associated with TBE susceptibility. These variants were shown to influence ABCG1 expression in peripheral blood, a finding corroborated by RNA expression analysis. In vitro inhibition or silencing of ABCG1 significantly reduced TBEV replication in both neuronal cells and macrophages, highlighting the potential role of ABCG1 in TBEV biology. Additionally, we detected a genome-wide significant variant within TEX41, located downstream of ZEB1, associated with severe forms of TBE. These findings provide novel insights into the genetic factors underlying TBE susceptibility and severity.
Ključne besede: tick-borne encephalitis, genome-wide association study, GWAS, ABCG1 locus
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.12.2025; Ogledov: 23; Prenosov: 18
Celotno besedilo (4,92 MB)
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Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.12.2025; Ogledov: 27; Prenosov: 18
Celotno besedilo (2,42 MB)
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Povzetek: Respiratory pathogens, commonly colonizing nasopharynx, are among the leading causes of death due to antimicrobial resistance. Yet, antibiotic resistance determinants within nasopharyngeal microbial communities remain poorly understood. In this prospective cohort study, we investigate the nasopharynx resistome development in preterm infants, assess early antibiotic impact on its trajectory, and explore its association with clinical covariates using shotgun metagenomics. Our findings reveal widespread nasopharyngeal carriage of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with resistomes undergoing transient changes, including increased ARG diversity, abundance, and composition alterations due to early antibiotic exposure. ARGs associated with the critical nosocomial pathogen Serratia marcescens persist up to 8–10 months of age, representing a long-lasting hospitalization signature. The nasopharyngeal resistome strongly correlates with microbiome composition, with inter-individual differences and postnatal age explaining most of the variation. Our report on the collateral effects of antibiotics and prolonged hospitalization underscores the urgency of further studies focused on this relatively unexplored reservoir of pathogens and ARGs.
Ključne besede: preterm infants, respiratory resistome, whole genome sequencing, genetics, drug effects
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 83; Prenosov: 41
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Ključne besede: cerebral amyloid angiopathy, transmissible neurodegeneration, Iatrogenic cerebral proteinopathies
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 77; Prenosov: 35
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Povzetek: Background: Chest drains are routinely used after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lung resections to evacuate fluid and air from the pleural space. We compared the impact of coaxial silicone (SIL) drains vs. standard polyvinyl chloride (PVC) drains on postoperative pain, drainage efficacy, and short-term treatment outcome following VATS lobectomy. Methods: The prospective randomized study included 80 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy for lung cancer between September 2020 and June 2023. Patients were randomized into two groups based on the type of chest drain used postoperatively: 40 in the experimental group (coaxial SIL drain Fr 24) and 40 in the control group (standard PVC drain Fr 24). The researchers collecting the data and the caregivers were not blinded to the group allocation. The primary objective was to evaluate pain over the initial 2 postoperative days by assessing analgesic consumption, respiratory muscle strength [measured as maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP)], and pain intensity using the visual analog scale (VAS). MIP, MEP, and VAS were measured both at rest and during physical activity. Results: Sixty-nine patients were included in the final analysis: 35 in the experimental group and 34 in the control group. The groups were comparable in terms of drainage efficacy and short-term treatment outcome, but pain was significantly lower in the experimental group (coaxial SIL drain). Diclofenac consumption was significantly lower in the experimental group (P=0.004), with a trend toward lower consumption of other analgesics. All respiratory muscle strength measurements were higher in the experimental group, with significant differences in static MIP on the second postoperative day (P=0.046), both static (P=0.02) and dynamic (P=0.050) MEP on the first postoperative day, and static MEP on the second postoperative day (P=0.02). Static VAS (S-VAS) on the first postoperative day was statistically significantly lower in the experimental group (P=0.003). Dynamic VAS (D-VAS) was comparable between the groups. Conclusions: This study confirmed the hypothesis that coaxial SIL drains, owing to their softer material, cause less pain while maintaining efficacy comparable to standard PVC drains.
Ključne besede: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, VATS, lobectomy, postoperative pain, chest tube, analgesia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Ogledov: 91; Prenosov: 44
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