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Povzetek: The distinct geological variation of Slovene’s territory, which includes all three major types of natural stone (sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic), offers an ample selection of building and art materials to be chosen based on their properties and/or aesthetic appearance. The tectonic diversity of the area caused some difficulties in extracting some of the natural stones, resulting in quarries being abandoned for economic and spatial reasons, but some beautiful examples of the use of lasting value in both construction and art still persist. Examples include the abandoned quarries of Pohorje marble and Podpeč limestone, where extraction has been documented from as early as the Roman times, with the latter also designated as a Global Heritage Stone Resource. The Pohorje mountains are an area of granodiorite as well as green cizlakite, the latter being Slovenian endemic. Furthermore, the Kras (Karst) region is one of the most interesting areas containing natural stone reserves in Slovenia, with a large variety of Cretaceous shallow-water limestones. All of these are abandoned, with the two natural stone quarries still operating being associated with the presence of rudist biostromes and bioherms, which are responsible for the aesthetic appearance of these natural stones. It is also characteristic of Slovenia to use a variety of local rocks, such as sandstone, conglomerate, breccia, shale and tuff, to give character to vernacular architecture. Some of the quarries are designated and protected as valuable natural features or natural monument, while several buildings decorated with Slovene natural stones are declared as cultural monuments of local or national importance or included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. This paper presents the most significant Slovene quarries of natural stones that have been used in architectural heritage, the mineralogical and physical-mechanical characteristics of these stones, as well as examples of their use in monuments.
Ključne besede: Slovenian quarries, natural stone, stone monuments, cizlakite, Kras (Karst) quarry region
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 29.07.2026; Ogledov: 259; Prenosov: 83
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Povzetek: The Dinarides of Bosnia and Herzegovina are exceptionally rich in surface and subterranean geomorphological and hydrological karst features which make them an ideal setting for ecological studies of microorganisms. This work presents the results of a seven-year study of testate amoebae, polyphyletic eukaryotic microorganisms, across various karst habitats. The main objectives were to collect data on testate amoebae biodiversity and to deepen our understanding of the transformation of their assemblages across surface and subterranean habitats. More than 50 taxa of testate amoebae were identified, including the notable finding of Psammonobiotus dinarica – a species originally described from caves – in a pristine surface karst river. A Jaccard resemblance-based cluster analysis of overall testate amoebae biodiversity revealed a clear separation of lake assemblages from river, spring, soil and cave assemblages. These results were confirmed by site-based cluster analysis and NMDS ordination, which showed strong separation (SIMPROF test) of lake, soil and cave assemblages, but also distinct assemblages of hydrologically interconnected karst features (sinking river Šuica → sinkhole cave Ponor Kovači → the resurgence Vrilo Spring). This study confirms a high similarity between river, spring, cave, and soil assemblages but reveals a previously unknown distinction of lake assemblages. It also showed that spring assemblages have higher similarity to river assemblages than to those in caves, implying a possible impact of primary production due to diffuse light in springs during summer droughts. This study emphasizes the need for further research of microbial assemblages in relation to environmental factors in order to support science-based protection of both surface and subterranean karst ecosystems.
Ključne besede: cave microorganisms, cave protists, cave protozoa, caves, karst hydrological systems, protist biogeography
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.05.2026; Ogledov: 273; Prenosov: 223
Celotno besedilo (3,46 MB)
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Povzetek: Motivation Groundwater ecosystems sustain a unique and globally important biodiversity but remain understudied due to sampling and exploration challenges, as well as a shortage of taxonomic experts. Groundwater ostracods, like other groundwater taxa, exhibit a high degree of endemism, rarity, and subterranean specialisation, positioning them as potentially vulnerable organisms. To better understand biodiversity patterns and the conservation needs of this highly diverse group, we assembled a team of experts to gather the most comprehensive information available about groundwater ostracods in Europe. We present a dataset comprising 2,065 occurrence records of 110 species, 11 undescribed species, and 5 subspecies of groundwater ostracods. This open dataset may support future research on the distribution, evolutionary pathways, and conservation needs of European groundwater ostracods, as well as inspire targeted sampling efforts in regions with currently limited data available. Main Types of Variables Contained Occurrence records of groundwater ostracods, with details about taxonomy, source of records, occurrence locality, habitat type, and species dependence on groundwater (obligate [stygobite] versus facultative groundwater-dwellers [stygophile]). Spatial Location and Grain Geographical Europe, spanning 32 countries. Occurrence records were assigned decimal degrees coordinates (EPSG:4326). Most occurrence records are at 100 m resolution. Time Period 1915–2024. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement Crustacea: Ostracoda. Most records have species or subspecies-level identification, while some are identified to genus or family levels. Software Format Comma-separated values file (.csv), with UTF-8 encoding and meta-data provided following the Darwin Core standard.
Ključne besede: alluvial aquifers, conservation, ecotypes, habitat types, hyporheic zone, karst, occurence data, Ostracods, springs
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.03.2026; Ogledov: 491; Prenosov: 409
Celotno besedilo (1,16 MB)
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Ključne besede: Karst cave waters, high-throughput sequencing, viruses, archaea, bacteria, fungi, protozoa
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.03.2026; Ogledov: 447; Prenosov: 592
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Povzetek: Groundwater is the most important source of drinking water supply, irrigation, and industrial use, as well as a habitat for a diverse range of (micro)organisms. Some of the first studies of underground environments were carried out in the Dinaric Karst region of Slovenia, which harbors one of the highest subterranean biodiversities in the world. Despite their ecological importance, groundwater microbial communities remain underexplored. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive microbiome analysis of karst groundwater, investigating the abundance and diversity of viruses, archaea, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. We detected a high diversity of both prokaryote- and eukaryote-infecting viruses, indicating the connection of subterranean environments with surface waters. In the archaeal community, seven different phyla were identified, dominated by members of "Candidatus Woesearchaeota" and Nitrososphaerota (syn. Thermoproteota). In the bacterial community of majority of the samples, the Pseudomonadota was the most abundant phylum, followed by Bacteroidota, Actinomycetota, and Verrucomicrobiota. Fungal abundance and diversity differed greatly between cave water samples, with the Ascomycota families Cladosporiaceae, Didymellaceae, Aspergillaceae and saprotrophic Basidiomycota detected in all samples. Besides fungi, microscopic eukaryotic diversity consisted of ciliates, copepods and golden-brown algae present in all samples. Differences in microbial communities between the sampling sites highlight the need for tailored site-specific groundwater conservation and monitoring strategies. Moreover, the identification of microbes associated with anthropogenic activities underscores their potential as source-specific indicators of groundwater pollution. As the first holistic overview of microbial diversity of subterranean water, the study establishes a valuable baseline for future research and conservation of these unique karst ecosystems.
Ključne besede: Karst cave water, high-throughput sequencing, viruses, archaea, bacteria, fungi, protozoa
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.03.2026; Ogledov: 587; Prenosov: 475
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