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Povzetek: Small decentralized water supply systems are often sensitive to local pollution and require a clear understanding of recharge conditions and the hydrodynamics within the water resource catchment. This study develops a conceptual hydrogeological model for the Šmarna Gora area based on geological mapping, long-term monitoring of chemical parameters, and stable isotope analyses (δ18O, δ2H) of precipitation and groundwater. The study was initiated in response to rising pollutant concentrations in the drinking water. Estimates of transit time (TT) and mean residence time (MRT) were used to characterize recharge, mixing processes, and differences between the SG and ZAVRH wells, the existing and alternative water supply wells. Isotope data show that the aquifer is predominantly recharged during colder periods and that Mediterranean air masses have become an increasingly important source of precipitation, suggesting a shift in precipitation patterns. The results indicate that SG has longer TT (6–8 months) and MRT (up to 1–2 years). In contrast, ZAVRH shows shorter TT and MRT (4–6 months), and lower pollutant concentrations. The hydrogeological regime in the catchment of the ZAVRH well is characterized by a dynamic, fast-flowing system with limited storage and more intensive dilution of contaminants by infiltrating water, whereas the catchment of the SG well functions as a deeper and more buffered aquifer with prolonged groundwater residence and a more direct hydraulic linkage to the contaminant source. The findings distinguish two hydrogeological regimes and provide a basis for planning water supply solutions and protection measures.
Ključne besede: stable isotopes, groundwater recharge, mean residence time, transit time, precipitation pattern change, dolomite aquifer, decentralized water supply
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.06.2026; Ogledov: 198; Prenosov: 155
Celotno besedilo (2,35 MB)
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Povzetek: Triglavska Bistrica is a typical Alpine river in the north-western part of Slovenia. Its recharge area includes some of the highest peaks in the Julian Alps. The hydrogeological conditions and flow of the river depend largely on groundwater exchange between the karstified aquifer in the carbonate rocks and the intergranular aquifer in the glaciofluvial deposits. The average volume of the river flow is up to several m3/s. In this study, water samples from different locations along the river were analysed for stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen, major ions, and concentration of tritium activity. The correlation of major ions suggests that the recharge area consists of both limestone and dolomite rocks. The δ18O and δ2H values decrease downstream, implying that the average recharge elevation increases. At the downstream sampling site V-5, located approx. 300 m upstream from the confluence of the Sava Dolinka River, the calculated mean recharge altitude is estimated to be 1,996 m.
Ključne besede: groundwater, oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, hydrogeochemistry, recharge area, Alpine aquifer, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.03.2022; Ogledov: 2501; Prenosov: 906
Celotno besedilo (3,01 MB)