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1.
National biosafety framework for Slovenia
2003, other monographs and other completed works

Abstract: Modern biotechnology raises different types of issues which should be addressed at the appropriate time and level in accordance with the subsidiary principle. Strengthening and/or developing adequate mechanisms and authorities concerns should base on sound scientific data and clear correct facts. Such biosafety framework has also to be capable of safeguarding the environment, biodiversity, the multifuctionality of our agriculture, and allowing consumer to choose if they wish between the products of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), conventional or organic agriculture. It should enables our industry to seize the opportunity that these technology offers, for the ultimate benefit as society at large. Potential risk assessment of GMOs involves technical and regulatory procedures to work best with public involvement and dissemination of information, and with respect to the legislation of GMOs and their products. Consequently, the establishment of a national biosafety system is a common need. It is important that each element of it presents unique management challenges and resources requirements, which should be review during the national case studies, and working group exercises. We should not transfer biosafety schemes from others without being critical. From a global perspective, the implementation of such system can also be mutually supportive and should provide a sound international framework in order to promote the safe development of modern biotechnology, its acceptability and its use in Slovenia. The Government has defined modern biotechnology as one of the priority area of research and technological development, where Slovenia has comparative advantage and critical mass of knowledge and strengthening is given to the importance of the investment in national research, in order to create conditions for scientists to work effectively and transfer skills to industry where necessary. In view of the above, the support in form of the UNEP/GEF project ìDevelopment of National Biosafety Framework for Sloveniaî was extremely valuable to ensure effective and efficient system with respect to the adopted legislation. This document serves as a basic guide to the implementation of the biosafety system. The involvement of different ministries and several stakeholders in the preparation of this document ensures that different views were taken into account when developing effective and efficient system to enable safe use of GMOs in Slovenia.
Published in DiRROS: 04.09.2024; Views: 84; Downloads: 46
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2.
Challenges of implementing bridge weigh-in-motion on a century-old steel-riveted railway bridge
Doron Hekič, Mirko Kosič, Jan Kalin, Aleš Žnidarič, Andrej Anžlin, 2024, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: This study explores the challenges and methodologies involved in implementing bridge weigh-in-motion (B-WIM) system on a century-old steel riveted railway bridge. A unique aspect of this study, funded by the EU H2020 Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking, was the adaptation of B-WIM systems to the specific constraints of railway bridges since, traditionally, this technology is used to collect heavy gross vehicle loading data on road bridges. The paper details the experimental setup on an old steel-riveted railway bridge, including sensor placement and calibration processes. It highlights the complexities encountered, such as differences in bridge response due to passenger and other type of trains. It introduces the system calibration strategy using known axle loads from passenger locomotives. The study provides insights into the structural response of old steel bridges under traffic loads, contributing valuable data to the field of railway bridge monitoring and maintenance.
Keywords: bridge, B-WIM, bridge Weigh-in-Motion system, numerical model updating, bridge response measurements, railways
Published in DiRROS: 14.08.2024; Views: 174; Downloads: 152
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3.
Gozdarske strategije in ravnanja za prilagajanje gozdov na podnebne spremembe
Boris Rantaša, Aleš Poljanec, 2024, preface, editorial, afterword

Keywords: podnebne spremembe, upravljenje gozdov
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Views: 185; Downloads: 43
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4.
Programmed cell death occurs asymmetrically during abscission in tomato
Tal Bar-Dror, Marina Dermastia, Aleš Kladnik, Magda Tušek-Žnidarič, Maruša Pompe Novak, Shimon Meir, Shaul Burd, Sonia Philosoph-Hadas, Naomi Ori, Lilian Sonego, Martin B. Dickman, Amnon Lers, 2011, original scientific article

Abstract: Abscission occurs specifically in the abscission zone (AZ) tissue as a natural stage of plant development. Previously, we observed delay of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaf abscission when the LX ribonuclease (LX) was inhibited. The known association between LX expression and programmed cell death (PCD) suggested involvement of PCD in abscission. In this study, hallmarks of PCD were identified in the tomato leaf and flower AZs during the late stage of abscission. These included loss of cell viability, altered nuclear morphology, DNA fragmentation, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and enzymatic activities, and expression of PCD-associated genes. Overexpression of antiapoptotic proteins resulted in retarded abscission, indicating PCD requirement. PCD, LX, and nuclease gene expression were visualized primarily in the AZ distal tissue, demonstrating an asymmetry between the two AZ sides. Asymmetric expression was observed for genes associated with cell wall hydrolysis, leading to AZ, or associated with ethylene biosynthesis, which induces abscission. These results suggest that different abscission-related processes occur asymmetrically between the AZ proximal and distal sides. Taken together, our findings identify PCD as a key mechanism that occurs asymmetrically during normal progression of abscission and suggest an important role for LX in this PCD process.
Keywords: plant cell, cell death, abscission
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Views: 210; Downloads: 141
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5.
The efficient method for simultaneous monitoring of the culturable as well as nonculturable airborne microorganisms
Barbara Hubad, Aleš Lapanje, 2013, original scientific article

Abstract: Cultivation-based microbiological methods are a gold standard for monitoring of airborne micro-organisms to determine the occupational exposure levels or transmission paths of a particular infectious agent. Some highly contagious microorganisms are not easily culturable but it is becoming evident that cultivation and molecular methods are complementary and in these cases highly relevant. We report a simple and efficient method for sampling and analyzing airborne bacteria with an impactor-type high-flow-rate portable air sampler, currently used for monitoring culturable bacteria or fungi. A method is reported for extraction of nucleic acids from impacted cells without prior cultivation and using agarose as a sampling matrix. The DNA extraction efficiency was determined in spiked samples and, samples taken from a wastewater treatment plant and an alpine area. The abundance, diversity and quantity of total bacteria were analysed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and by construction and analysis of clone libraries. The method does not interfere with downstream PCR analysis and can cover the gap between traditional culture and molecular techniques of bioaerosol monitoring.
Published in DiRROS: 02.08.2024; Views: 249; Downloads: 119
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6.
Methacrylate monolith chromatography as a tool for waterborne virus removal
Nejc Rački, Petra Kramberger, Andrej Steyer, Jernej Gašperšič, Aleš Štrancar, Maja Ravnikar, Ion Gutiérrez-Aguirre, 2015, original scientific article

Abstract: Enteric viruses are commonly present in environmental waters and represent the major cause of waterborne infections and outbreaks. Since traditional wastewater treatments fail to remove enteric viruses in the water purification process, they are released daily into environmental waters. Monolithic supports have enabled chromatography to enter the field of virology. They have been successfully used in virus purification and concentration. In this work quaternary amine (QA) methacrylate monoliths were exploited to remove enteric viruses from wastewater treatment plant effluent. Expectedly, chromatographic processing of such a complex medium was troublesome, even for monoliths, characterized by extremely large pore dimensions. This problem was solved by introducing a pre-step chromatography using hydroxyl (OH) methacrylate monoliths. This way, molecules, that would hinder virus binding to the anion-exchanger monolith, were removed. As a result, the OH pre-column reduced backpressure increase on the subsequent anion-exchanger column, and increased both QA column binding capacity and life time. Wastewater effluent samples were successfully purified from five waterborne enteric viruses (rotavirus, norovirus genogroup I and II, astrovirus, sapovirus), below the detection limit of RT-qPCR. The breakthrough of the rotavirus binding capacity was not reached for concentrations that significantly exceeded those expected in effluent waters. The obtained results confirm that methacrylate monoliths can be a valuable tool for simultaneous removal of different waterborne viruses from contaminated water sources.
Keywords: monolith chromatography, waterborne, virus, removal, wastewater, qPCR
Published in DiRROS: 26.07.2024; Views: 204; Downloads: 111
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7.
Radiological assessment of skeletal muscle index and myosteatosis and their impact postoperative outcomes after liver transplantation
Miha Petrič, Taja Jordan, Karteek Popuri, Sabina Ličen, Blaž Trotovšek, Aleš Tomažič, 2023, original scientific article

Abstract: Background. Liver transplantation offers curative treatment to patients with acute and chronic end-stage liver disease. The impact of nutritional status on postoperative outcomes after liver transplantation remains poorly under-stood. The present study investigated the predictive value of radiologically assessed skeletal muscle index (SMI) and myosteatosis (MI) on postoperative outcomes.Patients and methods. Data of 138 adult patients who underwent their first orthotopic liver transplantation were retrospectively analysed. SMI and MI in computer tomography (CT) scan at the third lumbar vertebra level were cal-culated. Results were analyzed for the length of hospitalisation and postoperative outcomes.Results. In 63% of male and 28.9% of female recipients, low SMI was found. High MI was found in 45(32.6%) patients. Male patients with high SMI had longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay (P < 0.025). Low SMI had no influence on ICU stay in female patients (P = 0.544), length of hospitalisation (male, P > 0.05; female, P = 0.843), postoperative complication rates (males, P = 0.883; females, P = 0.113), infection rate (males, P = 0.293, females, P = 0.285) and graft rejection (males, P = 0.875; females, P = 0.135). The presence of MI did not influence ICU stay (P = 0.161), hospitalization (P = 0.771), postoperative complication rates (P = 0.467), infection rate (P = 0.173) or graft rejection rate (P = 0.173).Conclusions. In our study, changes in body composition of liver transplant recipients observed with SMI and MI had no impact on postoperative course after liver transplantation. CT body composition analysis of recipients and uni-formly accepted cut-off points are crucial to producing reliable data in the future.
Keywords: muscle mass, liver transplantation, myosteatosis, skeletal muscle index, GLIM score
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 199; Downloads: 220
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8.
Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for the treatment of vascular malformations : an International Network for Sharing Practices on Electrochemotherapy (InspECT) study group report
Tobian Muir, Giulia Bertino, Aleš Grošelj, Lakshmi Ratnam, Erika Kis, Joy Odili, Ian McCafferty, Walter A Wohlgemuth, Maja Čemažar, Aljoša Krt, Maša Omerzel, Alessandro Zanasi, Michela Battista, Francesca De Terlizzi, Luca Giovanni Campana, Gregor Serša, 2023, review article

Abstract: Biomedical applications of electroporation are expanding out of the field of oncology into vaccination, treatment of arrhythmias and now in the treatment of vascular malformations. Bleomycin is a widely used sclerosing agent in the treatment of various vascular malformations. The application of electric pulses in addition to bleomycin enhances the effectiveness of the drug, as demonstrated by electrochemotherapy, which utilizes bleomycin in the treatment of tumors. The same principle is used in bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST). The approach seems to be effective in the treatment of low-flow (venous and lymphatic) and, potentially, even high-flow (arteriovenous) malformations. Although there are only a few published reports to date, the surgical community is interested, and an increasing number of centers are applying BEST in the treatment of vascular malformations. Within the International Network for Sharing Practices on Electrochemotherapy (InspECT) consortium, a dedicated working group has been constituted to develop standard operating procedures for BEST and foster clinical trials. By treatment standardization and successful completion of clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of the approach, higher quality data and better clinical outcomes may be achieved.
Keywords: vascular malformations, electrosclerotherapy, bleomycin
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 242; Downloads: 80
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9.
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase induction in tomato flower pedicel phloem and abscission related processes are differentially sensitive to ethylene
Marko Chersicola, Aleš Kladnik, Magda Tušek-Žnidarič, Tanja Mrak, Kristina Gruden, Marina Dermastia, 2017, original scientific article

Abstract: Ethylene has impact on several physiological plant processes, including abscission, during which plants shed both their vegetative and reproductive organs. Cell separation and programmed cell death are involved in abscission, and these have also been correlated with ethylene action. However, the detailed spatiotemporal pattern of the molecular events during abscission remains unknown. We examined the expression of two tomato ACO genes, LeACO1, and LeACO4 that encode the last enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), together with the expression of other abscission-associated genes involved in cell separation and programmed cell death, during a period of 0–12 h after abscission induction in the tomato flower pedicel abscission zone and nearby tissues. In addition, we determined their localization in specific cell layers of the flower pedicel abscission zone and nearby tissues obtained by laser microdissection before and 8 h after abscission induction. The expression of both ACO genes was localized to the vascular tissues in the pedicel. While LeACO4 was more uniformly expressed in all examined cell layers, the main expression site of LeACO1 was in cell layers just outside the abscission zone in its proximal and distal part. We showed that after abscission induction, ACO1 protein was synthesized in phloem companion cells, in which it was localized mainly in the cytoplasm. Samples were additionally treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a competitive inhibitor of ethylene actions, and analyzed 8 h after abscission induction. Cell-layer-specific changes in gene expression were observed together with the specific localization and ethylene sensitivity of the hallmarks of cell separation and programmed cell death. While treatment with 1-MCP prevented separation of cells through inhibition of the expression of polygalacturonases, which are the key enzymes involved in degradation of the middle lamella, this had less impact on the occurrence of different kinds of membrane vesicles and abscission-related programmed cell death. In the flower pedicel abscission zone, the physical progressions of cell separation and programmed cell death are perpendicular to each other and start in the vascular tissues.
Keywords: abscission, ACO, cell separation, ethylene, laser microdissection, programmed cell death, tomato, ultrastructure
Published in DiRROS: 24.07.2024; Views: 192; Downloads: 249
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10.
Usmerjanje obnove, nege in varstva gozdova
Boris Rantaša, Aleš Poljanec, 2024, preface, editorial, afterword

Keywords: obnova načrtov, gospodarjenje z gozdovi, nega gozdov, varstvo gozdov
Published in DiRROS: 24.07.2024; Views: 215; Downloads: 66
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