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Influence of vineyard location, cluster thinning and spontaneous alcoholic fermentation on wine composition
Franc Čuš, Anastazija Jež Krebelj, Mateja Potisek, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: The influence of the vineyard location, the yield per vine and the type of alcoholic fermentation on the composition of Merlot wine from two consecutive vintages was investigated in a simultaneous experiment. Grapes from two locations and two crop loads per vine, from controlled and thinned vines, were vinified. At the same time, grapes from control vines were vinified with inoculated and spontaneous alcoholic fermentation. Comparisons of the wine composition were made using a targeted metabolomic approach, microbiological analysis and sensory evaluation. It has been confirmed that the composition of Merlot wine is essentially determined by the location of the vineyard. The analytical marker used to distinguish the two locations was the content of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (significantly higher in location B with 38–130%). It has also been shown that the type of alcoholic fermentation has a greater influence on the composition of the wine than the crop load. The analytical marker used for the cluster thinning was the pH of the wine, which increased significantly by 0.03 to 0.08 units with the lower crop load, and for the type of alcoholic fermentation, the concentration of 2-phenethyl acetate, which relates to the sum of acetates and 2-phenylethanol, which increased significantly by 58–299%, 54–218%, and 24–46% in the spontaneously fermented wines. Both the location of the vineyard and spontaneous alcoholic fermentation influenced the significant differences in the sensory characteristics of the wine, while cluster thinning had no such influence. The other influences of the two technical factors on the wine composition depended on the location of the vineyard and the vintage. It can also be concluded that spontaneous alcoholic fermentation reduced the influence of the vintage on the wine composition, while the opposite was the case with cluster thinning.
Ključne besede: terroir, crop load, spontaneous alcoholic fermentation, non-Saccharomyces yeasts
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.03.2025; Ogledov: 227; Prenosov: 91
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,67 MB)
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Yield and silage quality of winter legume cover crop mixtures without nitrogen fertilization in spring
Marko Zupanič, Tomaž Žnidaršič, Miran Podvršnik, Vilma Sem, Boštjan Kristan, Ludvik Rihter, Branko Kramberger, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: A field experiment was conducted in two seasons (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) at three locations in Slovenia (Rogoza, Fala, and Brežice) to evaluate the yield and silage quality of winter cover crops (WCCs). The experiment included Italian ryegrass (IR) in pure stands, fertilized with nitrogen in spring, and mixtures of crimson clover (CRC), red clover (RC), and IR+CRC+RC without nitrogen fertilization in spring. The highest dry matter yield (DMY) was observed in IR+CRC+RC (4.98 t ha−1). For fresh feed, the CRC+RC treatment had significantly higher (p < 0.05) crude protein (208 g kg−1 DM), nitrate nitrogen (116.7 mg kg−1 DM), and buffering capacity (1290 mmol kg−1 DM) but significantly lower (p < 0.05) dry matter (128 g kg−1) and water-soluble carbohydrates (121 g kg−1 DM). For silage, the CRC+RC treatment had significantly lower (p < 0.05) dry matter (476 g kg−1 silage), metabolic energy (9.65 MJ kg−1 DM), net energy of lactation (5.77 MJ kg−1 DM), and neutral detergent fiber (375 g kg−1 DM) but higher ammonia nitrogen (66.5 g kg−1 of total nitrogen), crude protein (158 g kg−1 DM), and acid detergent fiber (279 g kg−1 DM). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found among treatments for acetic, lactic, and butyric acid, crude fat, pH, and soil mineral nitrogen (Nmin). The results of the study show that the same or higher DMY and a comparable quality of highly wilted silage can be produced with mixed Italian ryegrass and clovers compared with those of Italian ryegrass in pure stands. The experiment aimed to determine whether clover-based mixtures can achieve comparable silage quality and dry matter yield without spring N fertilizers compared with those of pure stands of Italian ryegrass fertilized in spring.
Ključne besede: clover, grass, management practices, mixtures, pure stand, silage quality
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.03.2025; Ogledov: 193; Prenosov: 113
.pdf Celotno besedilo (299,00 KB)
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Weed suppression and maize yield influenced by cover crop mixture diversity and tillage
Robert Leskovšek, Klemen Eler, Sergeja Adamič Zamljen, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: crop-weed competition, non-chemical, agro-ecological, weed control, tillage practice
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.02.2025; Ogledov: 227; Prenosov: 104
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,32 MB)
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Occurrence and distribution of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. in Serbia
Jasmina Bačić, Ivana Lalićević, Saša Širca, Melita Theuerschuh, Nik Susič, Barbara Gerič Stare, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: This study examines the occurrence and distribution of root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp., in Serbia through an official survey conducted from 2021 to 2023. A total of 241 plant and soil samples were collected from 25 districts across two regions: Northern Serbia (Vojvodina Province) and Central Serbia. RKN infestations were detected in 23.7% of the samples. Among the 57 identified populations, 5 Meloidogyne species were recorded: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. luci, M. arenaria and M. javanica. Meloidogyne luci was reported in Serbia for the first time, marking a significant finding for nematology in the region. This study highlights the importance of implementing effective pest management strategies to mitigate the agricultural impact of RKN in Serbia.
Ključne besede: molecular identification, root-knot nematodes, nematodes, morphological identification, distribution, Serbia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.02.2025; Ogledov: 291; Prenosov: 138
.pdf Celotno besedilo (831,59 KB)
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