1. Membrane palmitoylated protein 7 is required for osteogenesis and is linked with bone mineralisation and osteoporosis: the functional evaluation of GEFOS GWAS hitPetra Malavašič, Jasna Lojk, Nika Lovšin, Radko Komadina, Gregor Haring, Rihard Trebše, Fernando Rivadeneira, David Karasik, Barbara Ostanek, Janja Marc, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple loci associated with bone mineral density, a major determinant of osteoporotic fracture risk. At one such locus, genetic, bioinformatic, and zebrafish knockout data strongly prioritize membrane palmitoylated protein 7 (MPP7) as a candidate gene, although its precise role in bone biology remains poorly defined. MPP7 encodes a member of the p55 Stardust family of membrane-associated guanylate kinase proteins, which are key regulators of epithelial cell polarity and junctional organization. Here, we investigated the functional role of MPP7 in bone biology. We found that MPP7 expression was significantly reduced—by approximately twofold—in bone tissue from osteoporotic patients compared with osteoarthritic patients and non-osteoporotic controls. Furthermore, we generated a CRISPR/Cas9- mediated MPP7 knockout in the human osteosarcoma HOS cell line and demonstrated that MPP7 deletion impairs osteogenic differentiation and completely abrogates mineralization through downregulation of ALPL expression. Knockout cells also displayed altered morphology, suggesting that MPP7 influences osteoblast function via effects on cell polarity and adhesion. Collectively, our findings, together with zebrafish genetic evidence, indicate that MPP7 plays a critical role in osteoblast differentiation and mineralization and may contribute to osteoporosis susceptibility in humans.
Ključne besede: MPP7, adipogenesis, HOS cell lineage, human bone tissue, human muscle tissue
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2. Extended pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and clinically relevant venous thromboembolism after major abdominal and pelvic surgery : international, prospective, propensity score-weighted cohort study2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: anticoagulants, hemorrhage, cancer, surgical procedures, pharmacology, pelvis surgery, thromboprophylaxis, venous thromboembolism
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3. Vasopressor use after noncardiac surgery : an international observational studyIb Jammer, Peter Martin, Hannah Wunsch, Sophie Debouche, Pierre Harlet, Ramani Moonesinghe, Lui Forni, Ben Creagh-Brown, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: haemodynamic, noradrenaline, perioperative medicine, postoperative hypotension, vasoconstrictors, vasoplegia, vasopressors
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4. Comprehensive molecular characterization of craniopharyngiomas using whole transcriptome and spatial transcriptomics approachesŠpela Kert, Alenka Matjašič, Jože Pižem, Jernej Mlakar, Matic Bošnjak, Miha Jerala, Primož Kotnik, Barbara Faganel Kotnik, Lidija Kitanovski, Andrej Zupan, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare benign brain tumors that are classified as WHO grade I, with two subtypes: adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP). ACP is caused by somatic mutations in exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene activating the Wnt signaling pathway. PCP is associated with somatic BRAF p.V600E mutations activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Understanding their molecular differences is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to analyze common somatic alterations in ACP and PCP using bulk transcriptome sequencing and in situ spatial transcriptomics. RNA sequencing and high-resolution spatial profiling were used to detect mutations and examine gene expression differences among ACP, PCP, and healthy pituitary tissue. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on 24 tumor samples, with healthy pituitary data from the GTEx portal. Bioinformatics analysis utilized the CTAT mutation pipeline, with Sanger sequencing for validation. Results confirmed BRAF p.V600E mutations in all PCP samples and CTNNB1 mutations in all ACP samples. Differential gene expression analysis highlighted distinct molecular profiles and reinforced the involvement of Wnt and MAPK signaling. Spatial profiling identified 41 differentially expressed genes between ACP and PCP. This study provides critical insights into CP biology, supporting improved diagnostics and potential therapeutic strategies.
Ključne besede: craniopharyngioma, differential gene expression, in situ spatial profiling, somatic mutation detection, transcriptional analysis
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5. Lipid-phase-modulated interactions of gold nanoparticles with supported vesicular and planar membranesLaure Bar, Marta Lavrič, Maja Caf, Slavko Kralj, Raj Kumar Sadhu, Miha Škarabot, Aleš Iglič, George Cordoyiannis, Patricia Losada-Pérez, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The thorough understanding of the interactions between nanoparticles and lipid membranes has attracted major interest over the past few decades. This spans fundamental biophysics and biomechanics, as well as medical applications, where nanoparticles could serve as potential drug carriers. The influence of the lipid phase in these interactions has been studied to markedly less extent with respect to the nanoparticle size, shape and coating, as well as the presence of electric charge in either the nanoparticles or the membranes. Seeking to gain new insights into the lipid phase, we have systematically investigated the role of the liquid-disordered, the gel-ordered, as well as the seldom-studied ripple phases in modulating the interaction strength between nanoparticles and biomimetic membranes. Supported lipid vesicles and supported lipid bilayers of different composition and amount of electric charge, as well as spherical functionalized Au nanoparticles with and without charge have formed our experimental platform. The results, obtained by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and complemented by atomic force microscopy, reveal a strikingly different mechanistic picture of the interactions between the various lipid phases and types of nanoparticles. We demonstrate enhanced vesicle rupture in the case of stiffer membranes, consistent with recent theoretical studies, yet supported by limited existing experimental evidence. This work advances fundamental understanding of lipid-state-driven nanoparticle–membrane interactions. Such insight is essential, as dynamic changes in bilayer rigidity, composition, and surface charge determine how membranes and nanoparticles interact.
Ključne besede: supported lipid vesicles, supported lipid bilayers, gold nanoparticles, lipid phase, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), nanoparticle-membrane interactions
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6. Point-of-care ultrasonography of carotid arteries in primary care : sensitivity and specificity of identification of carotid atherosclerosis and prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy subjects with high and very high cardiovascular disease riskAnej Kebrič, Marija Petek Šter, Anja Poljanšek Avsenak, Borut Jug, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a major global health concern, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. The use of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in primary care has grown in popularity, offering a promising approach for early atherosclerosis detection. The objective was to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of family medicine physicians in identifying carotid atherosclerosis using POCUS and to determine the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy subjects with high or very high CVD risk. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to January 2024 across seven family medicine practices in Slovenia. The study included 199 participants aged 40-69, with high or very high CVD risk and no prior treatment with antilipemic drugs. Two participants were excluded due to insufficient quality of ultrasonographic recordings. Participants underwent POCUS of the carotid arteries to detect atherosclerotic plaques. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated against the assessments of a certified specialist in cardiology and vascular medicine. Results: The study found a high prevalence (69.5% [62.6-75.9]) of carotid atherosclerosis among participants, with higher rates in males and older age groups. Sensitivity and specificity of POCUS for detecting carotid atherosclerosis were 96.4% [91.7-98.8] and 90.0% [79.5-96.2], respectively. Carotid atherosclerosis was more common in participants with very high CVD risk compared to those with high CVD risk. Conclusions: Carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy subjects with high and very high CVD risk is much more prevalent than expected. POCUS of the carotid arteries is a highly sensitive and specific method for detecting carotid atherosclerosis in primary care. This method can significantly enhance early CVD risk assessment and intervention by family medicine practitioners.
Ključne besede: CVD risk, carotid artery POCUS, family medicine, POCUS, prevalence, primary care, sensitivity and specificity
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7. Cataract surgical training in Poland : analysis of the European Board of Ophthalmology survey resultsRémi Yaïci, Małgorzata Mirr, Lauriana Solecki, Emilia Koestel, Eugénie Bazarya, Sorcha Ní Dhubhghaill, Massira Melanie Sanogo, François Lefebvre, Wagih Aclimandos, Rimvydas Asoklis, Barbara Cvenkel, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Backgrounds/objectives: This study, part of a series, aims to present and analyze the results of the Polish cohort in a European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO) survey on cataract surgical (CS) training in Europe, highlighting national traits and contributing to the discussion on standardizing ophthalmology training. Materials and methods: This study analyses the survey results of Polish participants in the EBO examinations (2018-2022) and compared them with the largest groups of candidates (Germany, France, Swiss and Spain). Results: Out of 144 candidates, 79 (55%) answered the questionnaire. Most (70.9%) had taken the EBO exam between 2021 and 2022, with the vast majority of study participants being women (77.2%) with a median age of 34 years and came from 9 different voivodeships. Notably, 25.4% stated that they had carried out 10 or more training sessions on virtual reality simulator, 13.9% on synthetic eyes and 12.7% on animal eyes. There was a significant difference in the concrete use of SBME (more than ten sessions regardless of the simulation tool) between men and women (55.6% versus 23% respectively, p = 0.008). A notable discrepancy was observed between participants with 10 or more training sessions and those without specific training in four key areas: self-assessed confidence and ability to perform cataract surgery (p = 0.003), handling complications like posterior capsular tear (p < 0.001) and in performing corneal sutures (p = 0.015). Less than half (40.5%) of respondents had not performed any steps of cataract surgery on patients during their residency. Unlike in the EBO results, there were no gender differences found. Discussion: The results show a geographically homogenous group with an overrepresentation of Warsaw. Polish residency training is a hybrid model ensuring that all residents receive uniform surgical training. After completing their residency, Polish ophthalmologists are subsequently categorized into either surgical specialists or clinical practitioners.
Ključne besede: surgical training, simulation, phacoemulsification, survey, Poland, Europe, kirurško usposabljanje, simulacija, fakoemulzifikacija, anketa, Poljska, Evropa
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8. Mesolite, |Na2Ca2(H2O)8|[Al6Si9O30] : crystal structure reinvestigation and pressure-mediated crystal-fluid interactionTommaso Battiston, Davide Comboni, Paolo Lotti, Benedetta Chrappan-Soldavini, Oscar Fabelo, Laura Canadillas-Delgado, Gaston Garbarino, Hanns-Peter Liermann, Giacomo Diego Gatta, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The crystal structure and the pressure-mediated crystal-fluid interaction of mesolite have been re-investigated by a multi-methodological approach, based on single-crystal neutron diffraction and by in-situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction, using a diamond anvil cell. The structure refinement based on neutron intensity data collected at 20 K confirms the general model previously reported for mesolite, but largely improves the description of the hydrogen-bond network (with accurate sites location, their libration regime and interactions). Twelve out of the nineteen oxygen sites in the crystal structure of mesolite are involved in H-bonds as donors or as acceptors, reflecting the complex configuration of the H-bonding network. In the high-pressure investigations, four different pressure-transmitting fluids have been employed: the non-penetrating Daphne oil 7575 and the potentially penetrating methanol:ethanol:H2O (1:1:1) mixture, distilled H2O and liquid Ne. The Daphne oil 7575 experiment provided insight into the intrinsic compressional behaviour of mesolite, without any pressure-induced crystal-fluid interaction, yielding an isothermal bulk modulus KV0 = 55.9(7) GPa (βV0 = 0.0179(2) GPa−1). In the aqueous mixtures, H2O molecules have been observed to continuously penetrate into the structural cavities, firstly in the natrolite- and then in the scolecite-type sheets, in the pressure range 0.8–1.9 GPa. By comparing the results of this study to the literature data, there is an apparent correlation between the pressure at which the adsorption process occurs and the H2O concentration of the pressure-transmitting medium: a higher H2O fraction allows the over-hydration of the scolecite-type sheets at lower pressures. When compressed in liquid Ne, atoms of neon appear to be able to penetrate into the natrolite-type sheets, interacting with the extra-framework population via weak van der Waals forces.
Ključne besede: zeolite, mesolite, single-crystal neutron diffraction, high pressure, compressibility, cristal-fluid interaction
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9. Ukrepi za zaščito zaposlenih v laboratoriju ob epidemiji respiratornih okužb ter izkušnje iz pandemij influence A(H1N1)pdm09 in SARS-CoV-2Katarina Prosenc, Helena Ribič, 2025, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Povzetek: Laboratoriji imajo ključno vlogo pri odkrivanju, karakterizaciji in spremljanju respiratornih patogenov med epidemijami in pandemijami. Pojav visoko prenosljivih respiratornih virusov, kot sta gripa A (H1N1)pdm09 in SARS-CoV-2, je poudaril pomen biovarnosti in zaščite v laboratorijskih okoljih. Osebje, ki dela s kliničnimi vzorci ali namnoženimi respiratornimi virusi, se sooča s tveganjem nenamerne izpostavljenosti laboratorijsko pridobljenim okužbam in sekundarnemu prenosu. V prispevku predstavljamo temeljna načela biovarnosti, ravni zadrževanja patogenov v laboratorijih, osebno varovalno opremo in strategije obvladovanja tveganj, prilagojene respiratornim patogenom. Predstavljamo tudi izzive biovarnosti med pandemijo gripe leta 2009 in pandemijo covida-19, ko so se skrajno povečale potrebe po diagnostičnih zmogljivostih laboratorijev, s poudarkom na praktičnih pristopih za zaščito laboratorijskega osebja, in izkušnje, ki smo jih v dveh pandemijah pridobili.
Ključne besede: biovarnost, varnost v laboratoriju, laboratorijsko osebje, respiratorni virusi, pandemija, influenca A(H1N1)pdm09, SARS-CoV-2
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10. Cepljenje zdravstvenih delavcev : obvezna in priporočena cepljenja v SlovenijiTatjana Mrvič, Anja Šterbenc, Katarina Sočan, Irena Grmek-Košnik, 2025, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Povzetek: Pri zdravstvenih delavcih (ZD) in sodelavcih je tveganje za izpostavljenost povzročiteljem nalezljivih bolezni ter za njihov prenos na paciente in sodelavce povečano. V Sloveniji pravni okvir določata Zakon o nalezljivih boleznih (ZNB) in Pravilnik o varovanju delavcev pred tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti biološkim dejavnikom pri delu; letne, operativne usmeritve pa izhajajo iz Programa cepljenja in zaščite z zdravili ter strokovnih priporočil Nacionalnega inštituta za javno zdravje (NIJZ). Ključna obveznost pred izpostavitvijo za ZD je cepljenje proti hepatitisu B, med priporočila za vse ZD pa sodijo cepljenja proti gripi (vsako sezono), covidu-19 (posodobljeni odmerek), tetanusu, davici, oslovskemu kašlju/tetanusu, davici (po shemi za odrasle) ter dokaz imunosti ali cepljenje proti ošpicam, mumpsu, rdečkam (MMR) in noricam (VZV), z dodatnimi cepljenji glede na oceno tveganja delovnega mesta (npr. cepljenje proti hepatitisu A, tifusu, steklini, meningokoku za specifične laboratorijske izpostavitve).
Ključne besede: zdravstveni delavci, cepiva, nalezljive bolezni, priporočila, Slovenija
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