1. No future growth enhancement expected at the Northern edge for European beech due to continued water limitationStefan Klesse, Richard Peters, Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez, Vincent Badeau, Claudia Baittinger, Katarina Čufar, Jožica Gričar, Maks Merela, Peter Prislan, Tom Levanič, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: With ongoing global warming, increasing water deficits promote physiological stress on forest ecosystems with negative impacts on tree growth, vitality, and survival. How individual tree species will react to increased drought stress is therefore a key research question to address for carbon accounting and the development of climate change mitigation strategies. Recent tree-ring studies have shown that trees at higher latitudes will benefit from warmer temperatures, yet this is likely highly species-dependent and less well-known for more temperate tree species. Using a unique pan-European tree-ring network of 26,430 European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees from 2118 sites, we applied a linear mixed-effects modeling framework to (i) explain variation in climate-dependent growth and (ii) project growth for the near future (2021–2050) across the entire distribution of beech. We modeled the spatial pattern of radial growth responses to annually varying climate as a function of mean climate conditions (mean annual temperature, mean annual climatic water balance, and continentality). Over the calibration period (1952–2011), the model yielded high regional explanatory power (R2 = 0.38–0.72). Considering a moderate climate change scenario (CMIP6 SSP2-4.5), beech growth is projected to decrease in the future across most of its distribution range. In particular, projected growth decreases by 12%–18% (interquartile range) in northwestern Central Europe and by 11%–21% in the Mediterranean region. In contrast, climate-driven growth increases are limited to around 13% of the current occurrence, where the historical mean annual temperature was below ~6°C. More specifically, the model predicts a 3%–24% growth increase in the high-elevation clusters of the Alps and Carpathian Arc. Notably, we find little potential for future growth increases (−10 to +2%) at the poleward leading edge in southern Scandinavia. Because in this region beech growth is found to be primarily water-limited, a northward shift in its distributional range will be constrained by water availability.
Ključne besede: climate change, climate sensitivity, drought, Fagus sylvatica, growth projection, leading edge, trailing edge, tree rings
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.02.2025; Ogledov: 212; Prenosov: 129
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2. Smernice za trajnostno gospodarjenje z bukovimi gozdovi : (Fagus sylvatica L.)Cristina Vettori, Roberta Ferrante, Cesare Garosi, Francesco Parisi, Davide Travaglini, Donatella Paffetti, Sanja Bogunović, Mladen Ivanković, Anđelina Gavranović Markić, Barbara Škiljan, Zvonimir Vujnović, Miran Lanšćak, Francesca Logli, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Tijana Martinović, Tanja Mrak, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Nataša Šibanc, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, Andrej Breznikar, Kristina Sever, 2024, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: sonaravno gospodarjenje, klimatske spremembe, trajnostno gospodarjenje z gozdovi, sonaravno gospodarjenje z gozdovi, bukev, bukovi gozdovi, Fagus sylvatica L.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.02.2025; Ogledov: 198; Prenosov: 143
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3. Guidelines for sustainable forest management of beech : (Fagus sylvatica L.)Cristina Vettori, Roberta Ferrante, Cesare Garosi, Francesco Parisi, Patrizia Rossi, Davide Travaglini, Donatella Paffetti, Sanja Bogunović, Mladen Ivanković, Anđelina Gavranović Markić, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Tine Grebenc, Tijana Martinović, Tanja Mrak, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Nataša Šibanc, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, Andrej Breznikar, Kristina Sever, 2024, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: Close-to-nature, forest sustainable management, climate changes, beech, Fagus sylvatica L.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.02.2025; Ogledov: 231; Prenosov: 179
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4. Letna in sezonska debelinska rast dreves na ploskvah intenzivnega monitoringa v SlovenijiTom Levanič, Matej Rupel, Andreja Vedenik, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: V okviru intenzivnega monitoringa gozdnih ekosistemov že od leta 2009 s pomočjo ročnih dendrometrov spremljamo de- belinsko priraščanje dreves na letnem nivoju. Gre za dopolnilni podatek o debelinskem priraščanju dreves, ki ga pridobimo v okviru petletnih inventur na ploskvah intenzivnega monitoringa. Letno dinamiko debelinskega priraščanja spremljamo z dvema tipoma ročnih dendrometrov : plastičnimi, nemškega proizvajalca, in nerjavnimi, češkega proizvajalca. S spremljanjem debelinske rasti z ročnimi dendrometri želimo ugotoviti vpliv okoljskih in podnebnih dejavnikov na rast dreves med dvema petletnima inventurama. Tako dobimo bistveno boljše podatke o stanju priraščanja dreves kot s petletnimi inventurami, kjer ekstremni dogodki izginejo v povprečju. V letu 2022 smo dodatno na vse ploskve namestili tudi elektronske dendrometre z visoko frekvenco spremljanja spreminjanja debelinskega prirastka na ploskvah intenzivnega monitoringa v Sloveniji. Z njimi želimo ugotoviti vplive okoljskih in podnebnih dejavnikov na znotraj sezonsko dinamiko debelinskega priraščanja. To je ključno za razumevanje vpliva negativnih podnebnih dejavnikov na debelinsko priraščanje dreves.
Ključne besede: podnebne spremembe, bukev, Fagus sylvatica, dob, Quercus robur, smreka, Picea abies, ročni dendrometer, elektronski dendrometer
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.12.2024; Ogledov: 325; Prenosov: 82
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5. Different patterns of inter-annual variability in mean vessel area and tree-ring widths of beech from provenance trials in Slovenia and HungaryJožica Gričar, Domen Arnič, Luka Krajnc, Peter Prislan, Gregor Božič, Marjana Westergren, Mátyás Csaba, Hojka Kraigher, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: International provenance trials of ecologically and economically important tree species are crucial to deciphering the influence of environmental factors and intraspecific variability on tree growth and performance under climate change to guide assisted gene flow and assisted migration of tree provenances and species. In this context, we compared inter-annual trends in tree-ring widths (carbon sequestration potential) and vessel characteristics (conductivity optimisation) of four beech provenances in two international provenance trials, one in Slovenia (Kamenski hrib, a core beech growing site) and one in Hungary (Bucsuta, a marginal beech site) in 2009–2019. We found different patterns of inter-annual variability in mean vessel area and tree-ring widths among provenances and sites, pointing to diverse genetic background and environmental influence on these two wood-anatomical traits. The average values of the vessel area varied less between provenances at Kamenski hrib than at Bucsuta. Weather conditions differently affected tree-ring width and mean vessel area. Furthermore, the length of the period of response of vessel area to the analysed weather conditions differed in summer and winter periods. The differences in the mean vessel area within the tree ring were more pronounced in the weather-wise extreme years, regardless of the provenance. Consistent with previous studies, we confirmed that site conditions affect the climate sensitivity of trees, which is more pronounced at marginal sites or in extreme years. The findings on how different environmental conditions affect the radial growth of young beech trees of different origin are very important for future forest management.
Ključne besede: Fagus sylvatica, quantitative wood anatomy, common gardens, intraspecific variation, juvenile period, weather conditions
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2024; Ogledov: 291; Prenosov: 734
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6. How beech provenance affects the structure of secondary xylem, leaf traits, and the ectomycorrhizal community under optimal growth conditionsTanja Mrak, Jožica Gričar, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Gregor Božič, Luka Krajnc, Peter Prislan, Domen Arnič, Tom Levanič, Hojka Kraigher, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Beyond growth parameters and drought tolerance, comparatively little is known about the functioning of different beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances. We investigated properties of leaves, stem secondary xylem, and ectomycorrhiza (ECM), and explored their interdependencies to identify the best performing beech provenance in optimal growth conditions. The study was conducted on 23-year-old trees in a provenance trial. The investigated provenances originated from Atlantic (Belgium—BE), Alpine (Italy—IT, Slovenia—SI), and continental climates (the Czech Republic—CZ). A significant effect of provenance was observed for stem vessel diameters and conductive area, as well as for foliar %C, δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O. δ13C as a proxy of intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) showed that the highest iWUE was achieved in BE provenance. Individuals with a better iWUE had wider growth rings regardless of provenance. Better iWUE was associated with lower specific leaf area (SLA). ECM community composition and diversity indices did not differ significantly among the provenances. Specific ECM taxa were associated with individuals with high SLA, δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O. In optimal growth conditions with no stress events, BE is a promising provenance due to an efficient water conducting system with high vessel diameters and conductive area, and high iWUE, while Alpine provenances showed an adaptation of their water conducting system to freezing conditions at their original locations. Integrating findings from different compartments improves our understanding of functioning of different beech provenances.
Ključne besede: Fagus sylvatica, provenance trial, stable isotopes, specific leaf area, xylem vessels, ectomycorrhizal fungi
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.04.2024; Ogledov: 800; Prenosov: 1013
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7. Poročilo o preskusu št.: LVG 2024-017 : vzorec št. 2023/00753Tine Hauptman, Zina Devetak, Špela Hočevar, Barbara Piškur, 2024, izvedensko mnenje, arbitražna odločba Ključne besede: varstvo gozdov, morfološke analize, Fagus sylvatica, bukev, Botryosphaeria dothidea
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.04.2024; Ogledov: 649; Prenosov: 255
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8. Tehnične smernice za ohranjanje in rabo genskih virov : bukev = Fagus sylvaticaMarjana Westergren, Gregor Božič, Hojka Kraigher, 2010, strokovni članek Ključne besede: gozdarstvo, genski viri, drevesne vrste, tehnične smernice, bukev, fagus sylvatica, Slovenija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2023; Ogledov: 906; Prenosov: 265
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10. Low but significant evolutionary potential for growth, phenology and reproduction traits in European beechMarjana Westergren, Juliette Archambeau, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Adélaïde Theraroz, Hojka Kraigher, Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio, Santiago C. González-Martínez, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Local survival of forest tree populations under climate change depends on existing genetic variation and their adaptability to changing environments. Responses to selection were studied in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) under field conditions. A total of 1087 adult trees, seeds, 1-year-old seedlings and established multiyear saplings were genotyped with 16 nuSSRs. Adult trees were assessed for phenotypic traits related to growth, phenology and reproduction. Parentage and paternity analyses were used to estimate effective female and male fecundity as a proxy of fitness and showed that few parents contributed to successful regeneration. Selection gradients were estimated from the relationship between traits and fecundity, while heritability and evolvability were estimated using mixed models and the breeder's equation. Larger trees bearing more fruit and early male flowering had higher total fecundity, while trees with longer growth season had lower total fecundity (directional selection). Stabilizing selection on spring phenology was found for female fecundity, highlighting the role of late frosts as a selection driver. Selection gradients for other traits varied between measurement years and the offspring cohort used to estimate parental fecundity. Compared to other studies in natural populations, we found low to moderate heritability and evolvability for most traits. Response to selection was higher for growth than for budburst, leaf senescence or reproduction traits, reflecting more consistent selection gradients across years and sex functions, and higher phenotypic variability in the population. Our study provides empirical evidence suggesting that populations of long-lived organisms such as forest trees can adapt locally, even at short-time scales.
Ključne besede: climate change, Fagus sylvatica, heritability, in situ adaptation, response to selection, selection gradients
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.12.2023; Ogledov: 896; Prenosov: 434
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