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Povzetek: Recently, the use of recycled materials in the construction and building sector has gained global attention for promoting sustainability. For this purpose, eco-friendly lightweight artificial aggregates (LWA) are a suitable alternative to natural aggregates. Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) (75 wt%, 65 wt%, 55 wt%), marble sludge (MS) (15 wt%, 25 wt%, 35 wt%), and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) (10 wt%) as a binder were used to prepare various mixtures of LWA through the cold bonding pelletization (CBP) process. Before pelletization, the MSWI-FA was pre-treated via a two-step washing with water, which significantly reduced the chloride and sulfate content. To enhance the performance of the aggregates, they were surface treated with a mixture of ground 50% granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), 20% silica fume (SF), and 30% OPC via CBP, and these aggregates were named double bonded. Overall, the apparent density of the aggregates ranged from 1.71 to 2.04 g/cm3, while water absorption ranged from 12.87% to 17.12%, and mechanical strength was observed in the range of 1.05 to 2.1 MPa. The DBAs showed improved performance compared to the SBAs. XRD analysis showed the formation of hydration products with poor crystallinity or amorphous structure, as confirmed by FTIR and TG analysis. Leaching analysis showed that most hazardous elements were successfully solidified/stabilized within the aggregate matrix. However, Mo and Sb concentrations exceeded the limits for non-hazardous waste, indicating the need for further optimization of the mixture composition and processing parameters to improve their immobilization.
Ključne besede: lightweight aggregates, artificial aggregates, cold-bonded pelletization, municipal solid waste incineration ash
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.08.2026; Ogledov: 44; Prenosov: 9
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Povzetek: As clay deposits become scarce, the brick industry is increasingly seeking additives or substitutes. This study investigates a high- plasticity clay that requires an opening agent, for which was used 10 wt.% of processed steel slag Ekominit S1. Ceramic- technological tests were performed to determine the compressive strength, density and porosity. The addition of Ekominit S1 increased the total porosity by 5% in samples fired at 950 °C, and by 4% in samples fired at 1050 °C, while the compressive strength decreased by 36% in the samples fired at 950 °C and by 38% in those fired at 1050 °C compared to the reference material. Although the mechanical properties were lower than those of the reference, the benefit is reduced shrinkage. The processed steel slag could be incorporated successfully into bricks, which would also reduce the environmental impact of this sector by using secondary products instead of virgin materials.
Ključne besede: clay bricks clay bricks, compressive strength, porosity, opening agent, steel slag
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.05.2026; Ogledov: 261; Prenosov: 206
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Povzetek: The study investigates alkali-activated fly ash (FA) composites reinforced with keratin-based fibres from Chesapeake Bay Retrievers. To increase reactivity, the FA was milled and sieved below 125 μm, while the fibres were incorporated at two mass ratios (1 m% and 5 m%) relative to the FA as part of the preliminary study. Mechanical tests on 3-day-old composites showed that the addition of 1 m% fibres improved performance significantly, increasing the compressive strength by almost 50% (to ~70 MPa) and bending strength by over 30%. In contrast, the addition of 5 m% fibres resulted in a “hairy”, low-binder structure with reduced geometric density and compressive strength. Nevertheless, the fibre- rich composite displayed a unique cushioning effect that restored shape under cyclic pressure, suggesting potential for non-structural applications such as pathways or insulation. The results demonstrated that small additions of keratin fibres can improve the performance of AAM, but excessive fibre content compromises its strength.
Ključne besede: alkali-activated materials, fly ash, keratin-based fibres, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, circular economy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.05.2026; Ogledov: 354; Prenosov: 276
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Povzetek: Steel slag is an abundant by-product of steelmaking and a promising candidate for CO2 sequestration due to its favorable chemical composition and mineralogy. In this study, the CO2 sequestration capacity of the processed steel slag Ekominit was analyzed. Ekominit is a mineral product obtained by processing a mixture of electric arc furnace (EAF) stainless steel slag and ladle slag, currently used only for simple engineering constructions. The study demonstrated a promising sequestration capacity of 127.4 g CO2 per kg of Ekominit, measured using direct semi-dry carbonation under ambient pressure at 40 ± 0.5 °C, 80 ± 3.2% relative humidity, and 20 ± 0.1 vol% CO2 for 5 days, which is within the typical range reported for carbonated steel slags (100–150 gCO2/ kgslag). Although Ekominit did not show sufficient potential as a supplementary cementitious material in mortar, the results confirmed that its incorporation as a filler—with or without carbonation treatment—enhances both the flowability and compressive strength of the mortar. This research emphasizes the dual-function potential of Ekominit: it captures CO2, contributing to the decarbonization of the steel sector, and enables its reuse in construction materials, even improving the performance of mortars when using such carbonated Ekominit as fillers. Through such industrial symbiosis, environmental impact is further reduced by substituting virgin raw materials with secondary products.
Ključne besede: slag, carbonation, sequestration, aggregates
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.03.2026; Ogledov: 432; Prenosov: 293
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Povzetek: The dataset supports the data presented in the tables and figures of the conference paper "Mineral CO2 sequestration in industrial waste materials: a comparative study using FTIR, TGA and calcimetry" (https://doi.org/10.18690/um.fkkt.1.2026.8). It includes masses before and after carbonation treatment, calcimetric measurements, XRF, TGA, FTIR and XRD analysis data, as well as calculations of CO2 uptake and CO2 sequestration capacity for the analysed samples.
Ključne besede: alkali-activated materials, biomass ash, carbonation, artificial aggregates, alkalijsko aktivirani materiali, biomasni pepel, karbonatizacija, umetni aggregati
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.12.2025; Ogledov: 434; Prenosov: 170
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