151. Ethical dilemmas when using citizen science for early detection of invasive tree pests and diseasesMichael J.O. Pocock, Mariella Marzano, Erin Bullas-Appleton, Alison Dyke, Maarten De Groot, Craig Shuttleworth, Rehema White, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The early detection of tree health pests and disease is an important component of biosecurity to protect the aesthetic, recreational and economic importance of trees, woodlands and forestry. Citizen science is valuable in supporting the early detection of tree pests and diseases. Different stakeholders (government, business, society and individual) will vary in their opinion of the balance between costs and benefits of early detection and consequent management, partly because many costs are local whereas benefits are felt at larger scales. This can create clashes in motivations of those involved in citizen science, thus leading to ethical dilemmas about what is good and responsible conduct for the use of citizen science. We draw on our experience of tree health citizen science to exemplify five dilemmas. These dilemmas arise because: the consequences of detection may locally be severe (e.g. the destruction of trees); knowledge of these impacts could lead to refusal to make citizen science reports; citizen science reports can be made freely, but can be costly to respond to; participants may expect solutions even if these are not possible; and early detection is (by definition) a rare event. Effective engagement and dialogue across stakeholders, including public stakeholders, is important to properly address these issues. This is vital to ensure the public%s long-term support for and trust in the use of citizen science for the early detection of tree pests and diseases.
Ključne besede: alien species, volunteer, eradication, participatory research
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.12.2020; Ogledov: 1184; Prenosov: 529
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152. Confirmed and potential wild hosts of the Spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in SloveniaMaarten De Groot, Andreja Kavčič, Jaka Razinger, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura)) is a highly invasive species and attacking different species of berry carrying hosts. Much research has already been done on the crop hosts over the world and in Slovenia, but for wild hosts less is known. On basis of literature and fieldwork we prepared a list of potential and actual known species of wild hosts for Slovenia. In 2019, berries of different species were collected and D. suzukii was either reared from these berries or berries were dissected. In total we found in the literature for Europe 99 species which were used as host for D. suzukii. For Slovenia we found 71 potential hosts and 14 hosts which were actually infested. in Slovenia there was a broad range of potential hosts from 41 genera. The genera with the most potential hosts were Prunus, Lonicera and Vaccinium. Among the potential hosts were also many species which were invasive alien or alien species. The list was discussed in the context of management implications and further research on D. suzukii in Slovenia.
Ključne besede: spotted wing drosophila, berries, potential hosts, wild hosts, forests, pest control, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 11.12.2020; Ogledov: 1197; Prenosov: 527
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153. Challenges and solutions in early detection, rapid response and communication about potential invasive alien species in forestsMaarten De Groot, Richard O'Hanlon, Erin Bullas-Appleton, György Csóka, Ágnes Csíszár, Massimo Faccoli, Eugenio Gervasini, Natalia Kirichenko, Márton Korda, Aleksander Marinšek, Nikki Robinson, Craig Shuttleworth, Jon Sweeney, Elena Tricarico, Laura Verbrugge, David Williams, Simon Zidar, Jana Kus Veenvliet, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Invasive alien species (IAS) are an important threat to forests. One of the best ways to manage potential IAS is through early detection and rapid response (EDRR) strategies. However, when dealing with IAS in forests, EU regulations are divided between phytosanitary regulations and IAS regulations. A version of EDRR for the former has been in place in the EU for more than 15 years while the latter is still in the process of being implemented. During 2019, a workshop was held to gather international experts on different plant health pests and IAS. The purpose of this workshop was to identify the opportunities and difficulties in applying the EDRR system in the EU phytosanitary and IAS legislation to four species for providing suggestions to improve the EDRR system. The model species are well known and come from different trophic levels. These species were the American pokeweed (Phytolacca americana), the grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis); and the plant health pests Geosmithia morbida and Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis). We identified the similarities in the challenges of early detection, rapid response and communication of these species. For all species, difficulties in species identification, knowledge gaps on the pathways of spread, a lack of resources and uncertainty over which national government service was the competent authority were identified as the main challenges. Other challenges like public perception for the grey squirrel or methodological problems were species-specific. Regarding the rapid response: public perception, determination of the eradication area, sufficient scientific capacity and the lack of resources were common challenges for all species. Therefore, collaboration between institutes dealing with plant health pests and IAS can lead to better control of both groups of unwanted %organisms in forests.
Ključne besede: early warning system, plant health legislation, EU IAS legislation, alien species, Geosmithia morbida, Emerald ash borer, American pokeweed, Grey squirrel, rapid response system
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154. Using citizen science to monitor the spread of tree pests and diseases : outcomes of two projects in Slovenia and the UKPeter Crow, Ana Pérez-Sierra, Andreja Kavčič, Kate Lewthwaite, Marija Kolšek, Nikica Ogris, Barbara Piškur, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Simon Zidar, Suzanne Sancisi-Frey, Maarten De Groot, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The trees and forests of Europe are increasingly under threat from new pests and diseases that have originated in other parts of the world. Early detection of alien species when they first appear in European countries allows rapid response and offers the best chance to mitigate against their establishment and spread. Citizen science initiatives such as LIFE ARTEMIS in Slovenia, and Observatree in the UK, provide members of the public with the necessary training and educational resource to identify these tree pests and diseases and report them to the appropriate authorities, thereby increasing the level of surveillance and the capacity of the early warning system. This paper summarises some of the outcomes of these two projects and how they have both become integral parts of the official forest and tree health monitoring systems within their respective countries of Slovenia and the United Kingdom.
Ključne besede: invasive alien species, plant health, tree health, forest health, early warning, rapid response
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.11.2020; Ogledov: 1699; Prenosov: 847
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155. Towards a better early detection and rapid response system against invasive alien species in forestsMaarten De Groot, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Nikica Ogris, Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, 2020, predgovor, uvodnik, spremna beseda Ključne besede: invasive alien species, plant health, tree health, forest health, early warning, rapid response
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.11.2020; Ogledov: 1385; Prenosov: 747
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156. Poročilo o preskusu št.: LVG 2020-359 : opis vzorca: : 11179429: Acer platanoides, veja (z listi ali brez) ali poganjki, 11179412: Populus balsamifera, veja (z listi ali brez) ali poganjki : namen testiranja: sum na: : 11179429: sum na: Anoplophora chinensis, 11179412: sum na: Anoplophora chinensisMaarten De Groot, Barbara Piškur, Nikica Ogris, Tašja Cvelbar, Špela Jagodic, Zina Devetak, 2020, izvedensko mnenje, arbitražna odločba Ključne besede: varstvo gozdov, morfološke analize
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.11.2020; Ogledov: 778; Prenosov: 0 |
157. Poročilo o preskusu št.: LVG 2020-193 : opis vzorca: Acer pseudoplatanus, les, lubje, sekanci : namen testiranja: sum na: endofitiNikica Ogris, Barbara Piškur, Maarten De Groot, Tašja Cvelbar, Zina Devetak, Špela Jagodic, 2020, izvedensko mnenje, arbitražna odločba Ključne besede: varstvo gozdov, morfološke analize
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.10.2020; Ogledov: 871; Prenosov: 0 |
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160. Dinamika populacij osmerozobega smrekovega lubadarja (Ips typographus) v Sloveniji v letu 2014Maarten De Groot, Marija Kolšek, 2014, strokovni članek Ključne besede: varstvo gozdov, modeli, trendi, kontrolne pasti, režasta past Theyson, Ips typographus, osmerozobi smrekov lubadar, laboratoriji
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 28.07.2020; Ogledov: 1859; Prenosov: 885
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