1. Bryophyte diversity, composition and functional traits in relation to bedrock and tree species composition in close-to-nature managed forestsLado Kutnar, Janez Kermavnar, Marko S. Sabovljević, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Bryophytes respond to a variety of environmental factors, including tree species composition and geological conditions, which are influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Bryophytes growing on a variety of substrates were identified in ICP Forests monitoring plots in a wide range of close-to-nature managed forests, from lowland to high mountain areas in Slovenia. Based on data on tree layer composition (broadleaves vs. conifers) and on bedrock and soil type (calcareous vs. siliceous bedrock), all study plots were classified into five groups representing forest types. Different ordination analyses and statistical tests were used to represent differences between forest types in bryophyte composition, richness and functional traits. Almost 200 bryophyte species were identified in managed forests, with the most common being Hypnum cupressiforme, Brachytheciastrum velutinum and Polytrichum formosum. Bryophyte species composition varied considerably along the tree species composition and edaphic gradients represented by the selected forest types. Bryophyte species richness was significantly higher on calcareous bedrock than on siliceous bedrock. The higher occurrence of rocks on the ground surface may significantly increase the availability of various microhabitats for bryophytes. Bedrock had a significant influence on the functional diversity and composition of bryophytes, while tree species composition had less influence. Bedrock and tree species composition are important drivers of bryophyte species composition and diversity at taxonomic and functional trait levels. The high diversity of bryophyte species in Slovenian forests can also be attributed to close-to-nature and sustainable forest management practices that preserve favourable microclimatic conditions in forest stands and maintain diverse substrates. Ključne besede: mosses, species richness, functional diversity, site conditions, overstory, sustainable managed forests, European temperate zone Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.07.2024; Ogledov: 243; Prenosov: 261 Celotno besedilo (6,99 MB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
2. Using lidar data to analyse sinkhole characteristics relevant for understory vegetation under forest cover-case study of a high karst area in the Dinaric mountainsMilan Kobal, Irena Bertoncelj, Francesco Pirotti, Igor Dakskobler, Lado Kutnar, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In this article, we investigate the potential for detection and characterization of sinkholes under dense forest cover by using airborne laser scanning data. Laser pulse returns from the ground provide important data for the estimation of digital elevation model (DEM), which can be used for further processing. The main objectives of this study were to map and determine the geomorphometric characteristics of a large number of sinkholes and to investigate the correlations between geomorphology and vegetation in areas with such characteristics. The selected study area has very low anthropogenic influences and is particularly suitable for studying undisturbed karst sinkholes. The information extracted from this study regarding the shapes and depths of sinkholes show significant directionality for both orientation of sinkholes and their distribution over the area. Furthermore, significant differences in vegetation diversity and composition occur inside and outside the sinkholes, which indicates their presence has important ecological impacts. Ključne besede: sinkholes, geomorphology, vegetation Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.07.2024; Ogledov: 286; Prenosov: 226 Celotno besedilo (1,75 MB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
3. Poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov za leto 2023 : vsebinsko poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov v skladu s Pravilnikom o varstvu gozdov (2009)Andrej Grah, Janez Kermavnar, Nike Krajnc, Lado Kutnar, Tom Levanič, Nikica Ogris, Anže Martin Pintar, Matej Rupel, Mitja Skudnik, Primož Simončič, Saša Šercer, Urša Vilhar, Daniel Žlindra, 2024, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Ključne besede: varstvo gozdov, monitoring, stanje gozdov, zdravstveno stanje krošenj, popis povzročiteljev poškodb, meteorološke meritve, osutost dreves, poročila, Slovenija Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2024; Ogledov: 255; Prenosov: 294 Celotno besedilo (12,57 MB) |
4. Vegetacijske in talne razmere v izbranih gozdovih Konjiške gore v GGE Slovenske KonjiceValerija Babij, Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, Peter Horvat, Matej Tajnikar, Urban Orož, Marko Lekše, Bojan Bračič, Niko Laznik, Andrej Breznikar, Erika Kozamernik, 2024, elaborat, predštudija, študija Ključne besede: vegetacija, tla, rastišča, ekologija gozdov, Javna gozdarska služba, Slovenija Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2024; Ogledov: 337; Prenosov: 162 Celotno besedilo (5,88 MB) |
5. Vegetacijske in talne razmere v izbranih gozdovih GGE Brkini IValerija Babij, Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, Peter Horvat, Matej Reščič, Erika Kozamernik, 2024, elaborat, predštudija, študija Ključne besede: vegetacija, tla, rastišča, ekologija gozdov, Javna gozdarska služba, Slovenija Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2024; Ogledov: 289; Prenosov: 119 Celotno besedilo (5,54 MB) |
6. Vegetacijske in talne razmere v izbranih gozdovih Bele krajineValerija Babij, Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, Peter Horvat, Andrej Držaj, Andrej Kotnik, Roman Šimic, Erika Kozamernik, 2024, elaborat, predštudija, študija Ključne besede: vegetacija, tla, rastišča, ekologija gozdov, Javna gozdarska služba, Slovenija Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2024; Ogledov: 322; Prenosov: 138 Celotno besedilo (5,87 MB) |
7. Gozdna tla in vegetacija eno leto po požaru na Goriškem KrasuValerija Babij, Lado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, Janez Kermavnar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: V letu 2023 − eno leto po obsežnem požaru na Goriškem Krasu, ki je divjal julija leta 2022 − smo na izbranih gozdnih vzorčnih ploskvah popisali zeliščno, grmovno in drevesno vegetacijo in analizirali tla do globine 10 cm. Ploskve smo izbrali na lokacijah stalnih vzorčnih ploskev ZGS z različno stopnjo poškodovan osti zaradi požara. Na izbranih ploskvah smo skupno popisali 260 vrst praprotnic in semenk. V drevesni plasti smo popisali trinajst vrst (enajst domorodnih in dve tujerodni), v grmovni plasti trideset, v zeliščni pa 255. V drevesni plasti so bili najpogostejši mali jesen, črni gaber in črni bor, v grmovni mali jesen, navadni ruj in robide. V zeliščni plasti smo med drugimi popisali tudi devetnajst drevesnih vrst, ki so pomembna zasnova pri naravni obnovi požganega gozda na Krasu; najpogostejša sta bila črni gaber in rešeljika. Gradient poškodovanosti po požaru se jasno kaže v večini vegetacijskih in talnih spremenljivk. Statistično značilne razlike med skupinami ploskev z različno stopnjo poškodovanosti smo ugotovili za šest parametrov: pH-vrednosti in vsebnosti žvepla v organskem delu tal, zastiranje drevesne plasti, zastiranje mahov, število vrst v spodnji drevesni plasti, število vrst zeliščne plasti. Na ploskvah smo prepoznali devet (ter še tri vrste na požarišču zunaj ploskev) invazivnih ali potencialno invazivnih tujerodnih rastlinskih vrst; med drevesnimi sta bila najpogostejša robinija in visoki pajesen. Študija pomembno prispeva k razumevanju razvoja vegetacije, pomlajevanja ključnih drevesnih vrst in poškodb gozdnih tal v inicialni fazi po obsežnem požaru. Ključne besede: gozdna vegetacija, poškodbe tal, gozdni požar, drevesne vrste, pestrost vrst, invazivne rastlinske vrste, Kras, Slovenija Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.05.2024; Ogledov: 495; Prenosov: 207 Celotno besedilo (1,33 MB) |
8. ReSurveyEurope : a database of resurveyed vegetation plots in EuropeIlona Knollová, Milan Chytrý, Helge Bruelheide, Stefan Dullinger, Ute Jandt, Markus Bernhardt-Römermann, Idoia Biurrun, Francesco de Bello, Michael Glaser, Stephan M. Hennekens, Mateja Germ, Aleksandra Golob, Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Urban Šilc, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Aims We introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We describe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions. Results ReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abundance classes such as variants of the Braun-Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020. Conclusions ReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of research questions on fine-scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is devoted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well-established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcome. Ključne besede: biodiversity, monitoring, species richness, vascular plants, vegetation dynamics Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.04.2024; Ogledov: 465; Prenosov: 217 Celotno besedilo (6,59 MB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
9. Habitat degradation facilitates the invasion of Neophytes : a resurvey study based on permanent vegetation plots in oak forests in Slovenia (Europe)Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The spread of neophytes (non-native plant species) challenges the conservation status and ecological integrity of forests, especially in lowland areas. Long-term resurvey studies are needed to evaluate the temporal dynamics of neophytes in forests; however, such data are scarce. In 2023, we resampled a set of 45 permanent vegetation plots (established in 1992/93) in two forest vegetation types: oak–hornbeam forests dominated by Quercus robur and colline oak–beech forests dominated by Q. petraea. Over the last 30 years, oak forests have experienced extensive oak tree mortality, with the degree of habitat degradation being greater in Q. robur forests. In the early 1990s, only three neophytes with low abundance were recorded across all plots. In the 2023 resurvey, the total number of neophytes increased to 22 species (15 herbaceous and 7 woody species), comprising 6.9% of the total species pool in the understory layer. The increase in the plot-level number and cover of neophytes was significant in plots dominated by Q. robur but not in those with Q. petraea. The most frequent neophytes were Impatiens parviflora (present in 31% of plots), Solidago gigantea (27%), Erigeron annuus (16%) and Erechtites hieraciifolia (16%). The richness and cover of neophytes were significantly affected by the tree layer cover (negative correlation) and the degree of soil disturbance (positive correlation). All neophytes established in disturbed patches, whereas the occurrence of I. parviflora was exceptional as it was able to colonize less degraded, shaded understory environments. Habitat degradation (the mortality-induced loss of stand-forming oak trees resulting in extensive tree layer cover decrease) emerged as a key driver promoting neophyte proliferation, coupled with the impact of management-induced disturbances affecting overstory and soil conditions. The spread is expected to continue or even intensify in the future because novel light regimes and disturbances make forest habitats less resistant to neophyte proliferation. Ključne besede: long-term vegetation change, invasive non-native plants, oak mortality, Quercus robur, Quercus petraea, canopy openness, Impatiens parviflora, Slovenia Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.04.2024; Ogledov: 409; Prenosov: 233 Celotno besedilo (4,46 MB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
10. Mixed signals of environmental change and a trend towards ecological homogenization in ground vegetation across different forest typesJanez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Forest ground vegetation may serve as an early warning system for monitoring anthropogenic global-change impacts on temperate forests. Climate warming may induce a decline of cool-adapted species to the benefit of more thermophilous plants. Nitrogen deposition has been documented to potentially result in soil eutrophication or acidification, which can increase the proportion of species with higher nutrient requirements and species impoverishment caused by competitive exclusion. Abiotic forest disturbances are changing the light conditions in the forest understorey environment. In this resurvey study, we tested the magnitude and direction of change in alpha (species richness) and beta (within-site dissimilarity) diversity and composition of forest ground vegetation in forests of different types in Slovenia over fifteen years. Using plant-derived characteristics (Ellenberg-type indicator values) and by testing a priori predictions concerning expected effects of environmental drivers, we show that the magnitude and direction of forest ground vegetation diversity and floristic changes varies greatly between forest sites. Divergent responses at different sites resulted in low net change of alpha and beta diversity and a weak overall environmental signal. The largest decrease in species number was observed in lowland oak-hornbeam forests, which were also among the sites with the greatest compositional shifts. Changes in beta diversity did not show any consistent trend, and anticipated floristic convergence was not confirmed when all sites were considered. Thermophilization was mainly detected in montane beech sites and alpine spruce forests whereas eutrophication signal was most significant on nutrient-poor sites. Vegetation responses were strongly dependent on initial site conditions. Shrinkage of ecological gradients (process of ecological homogenization) suggests that sites positioned at the ends of the gradients are losing their original ecological character and are becoming more similar to mid-gradient sites that generally exhibit smaller changes. Our results point to the importance of local stand dynamics and overstorey disturbances in explaining the temporal trends in forest ground vegetation. Ground vegetation in Slovenian forests is changing in directions also dictated by multiple regional and global change drivers. Ključne besede: vegetation resurvey, thermophilization, eutrophication, forest disturbances, alpha and beta diversity, initial site conditions, ICP-Forests network Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.04.2024; Ogledov: 584; Prenosov: 285 Celotno besedilo (1,33 MB) Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |