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52. Načrtovanje in izvedba sistematičnega iskanja literature v biomedicini : primer iz prakseDavid Ožura, 2021, professional article Abstract: Pregledni znanstveni članek po svoji definiciji obravnava, povzema, analizira, vrednoti in sintetizirana najnovejša že objavljena dela izbranega znanstvenega področja, dela posameznega raziskovalca ali raziskovalne skupine. Priprava pregledov objav je kompleksen, obsežen in dolgotrajen postopek. Zaradi zahtevnosti pri pripravi navadno sodeluje več strokovnjakov z različnimi znanji. Priporočljivo je, da je v vlogi informacijskega specialista v proces vključen tudi knjižničar.
Postopek sistematičnega iskanja literature je sestavljen iz naslednjih korakov: načrtovanje sistematičnega iskanja literature in dokumentiranje celotnega postopka, oblikovanje jasno zastavljenega kliničnega vprašanja, določitev vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev, izvedba predhodnega pregleda literature, identifikacija bibliografskih zbirk, oblikovanje iskalnega izraza iz ključnih besed, sopomenk, izrazov iz tezavra in logičnih operaterjev, optimizacija iskalnega izraza, prevod iskalnega izraza za iskanje po različnih bibliografskih zbirkah, iskanje po drugih virih, prvi izbor gradiva po pregledu naslovov in povzetkov, pridobitev polnih besedil gradiv, drugi izbor gradiv.
V prispevku korak za korakom prikazujemo načrtovanje in izvedbo poizvedbe, kot primer pa je izbrano raziskovalno vprašanje s področja onkologije, ki ugotavlja morebitno povezavo med kajenjem tobaka in rakom materničnega vratu.
Keywords: pregledni znanstveni članki, pregledni članki, sistematični pregledni članki, sistematično iskanje literature, iskalne strategije, bibliografske zbirke, medicina, onkologija
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2021; Views: 1016; Downloads: 481
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53. Priraščanje navadne smreke (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in evropskega macesna (Larix decidua Mill.) na nekdanjih novinah v Koprivni v KaravankahJanez Golob, Tom Levanič, David Hladnik, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Na podlagi meritev v obdobju 1962–2017 smo na raziskovalnih ploskvah na nekdanjih novinah v katastrski občini Koprivna izračunali debelinske, višinske in volumenske prirastke za najpomembnejši drevesni vrsti - smreko in macesen. Na raziskovalnih ploskvah, ki so bile prepuščene naravnemu razvoju, so srednjetemeljnični premeri manjši, število dreves pa večje od tistih v primerljivih gospodarskih gozdovih. V zadnjih tridesetih letih se je zaradi visokih sestojnih gostot zmanjšalo debelinsko priraščanje dreves smreke in macesna. Z dendrokronološko analizo smo ocenili vpliv klimatskih dejavnikov na priraščanje smreke in macesna. Na podlagi dendrokronološke analize smo ugotovili, da se leta z negativnim odzivom dreves v debelinskem prirastku od leta 1984 pojavljajo pogosteje.
Keywords: raziskovalne ploskve, smreka, macesen, debelinski prirastek, volumenski prirastek, indeks gostote SDI, dendrokronološka analiza
Published in DiRROS: 02.12.2021; Views: 3190; Downloads: 1917
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54. Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Hemiptera, Tingidae) in its invasive range in Europe : perception, knowledge and willingness to act in foresters and citizensFlavius Balacenoiu, Anže Japelj, Iris Bernardinelli, Bastien Castagneyrol, György Csóka, Milka Glavendekić, Gernot Hoch, Boris Hrašovec, Silvija Krajter Ostoić, Márton Paulin, David Williams, Johan Witters, Maarten De Groot, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: The oak lace bug (OLB) Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) is an invasive alien species (IAS) that potentially could have many negative impacts on European oak health. Certain measures can be applied to counteract these effects. However, these measures may not be acceptable for forest managers or other stakeholder groups, such as private forest owners, environmental NGOs or the general public. Thereby, we set out to study the perception and knowledge of foresters and other stakeholders on the health status of European oak forests affected by oak lace bug and to investigate what forest health management measures would be acceptable to these target groups. An online survey questionnaire was designed and distributed via social networks, as well as professional networks via e-mails. The survey questionnaire was completed by 2084 respondents from nine European countries: Austria, Croatia, Belgium, France, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia. Even though only a little over 60% of respondents reported they had noticed the discolouration of oak leaves caused by OLB, almost all (93%) considered it to be a problem. As respondents come from a country where C. arcuata is widespread and established, people%s general knowledge and awareness of OLB began to increase. The survey revealed that foresters thought that the insect affected photosynthesis, acorn crop and the aesthetics of the trees, but cannot cause death of trees. However, they assume that the value of the wood would decrease (this fact is also supported by the respondents who are connected to an environmental NGO), but that OLB does not affect property value. However, forest owners claim that the value of the property can be affected and that people would avoid entering the forest. In terms of potential control methods, respondents preferred biological or mechanical measures over chemical ones. We consider this study to be a good basis for further research on the topic of perception, knowledge and attitudes related to OLB since we can expect that the IAS, such as OLB, will certainly spread to European countries that were not included in this survey.
Keywords: attitude, citizen knowledge, Europe, forest health, IAS control measures, invasive alien species, survey
Published in DiRROS: 28.10.2021; Views: 1183; Downloads: 730
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55. Stanje in spremembe slovenskih gozdov med letoma 2000 in 2018 : rezultati velikoprostorskega monitoringa gozdov in gozdnih ekosistemovMitja Skudnik, Andrej Grah, Matjaž Guček, David Hladnik, Jernej Jevšenak, Marko Kovač, Gal Kušar, Boštjan Mali, Anže Martin Pintar, Rok Pisek, Špela Planinšek, Aleš Poljanec, Primož Simončič, 2021, professional monograph Keywords: gozdovi, gozdarstvo, monitoring gozdov, Slovenija, stanje gozdov, zaloga lesa, lesna biomasa, odmrla biomasa, ogljik, posek, prirastek lesa, velikoprostorska gozdna inventura
Published in DiRROS: 19.10.2021; Views: 2884; Downloads: 1461
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56. Effect of surface oxidation on oxidative propane dehydrogenation over chromia : ǂan ǂab initio multiscale kinetic studyMatej Huš, Drejc Kopač, David Bajec, Blaž Likozar, 2021, original scientific article Keywords: dehydrogenation, chromium oxide, surface oxidation, propane, multiscale modeling
Published in DiRROS: 03.09.2021; Views: 1069; Downloads: 803
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57. Global homogenization of the structure and function in the soil microbiome of urban greenspacesManuel Delgado-Baquerizo, David J. Eldridge, Yu-Rong Liu, Blessing Sokoya, Jun-Tao Wang, Hang-Wei Hu, Ji-Zheng He, Felipe Bastida, José L. Moreno, Adebola R. Bamigboye, Tine Grebenc, Tina Unuk Nahberger, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: The structure and function of the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey in urban greenspaces and neighboring natural ecosystems across 56 cities from six continents, and found that urban soils are important hotspots for soil bacterial, protist and functional gene diversity, but support highly homogenized microbial communities worldwide. Urban greenspaces had a greater proportion of fast-growing bacteria, algae, amoebae, and fungal pathogens, but a lower proportion of ectomycorrhizal fungi than natural ecosystems. These urban ecosystems also showed higher proportions of genes associated with human pathogens, greenhouse gas emissions, faster nutrient cycling, and more intense abiotic stress than natural environments. City affluence, management practices, and climate were fundamental drivers of urban soil communities. Our work paves the way toward a more comprehensive global-scale perspective on urban greenspaces, which is integral to managing the health of these ecosystems and the well-being of human populations.
Keywords: soil biodiversity, structural diversity, functional diversity, urban soils
Published in DiRROS: 15.07.2021; Views: 983; Downloads: 836
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58. Slovenska priporočila za obravnavo odraslih bolnikov s kronično odpovedjo prebavilNada Rotovnik-Kozjek, Tajda Božič, Katja Kogovšek, Borut Štabuc, Laura Petrica, Karla Berlec, Nataša Puzić Ravnjak, Erik Brecelj, Aleš Tomažič, Sanela Banović, Rada Franko, Milena Kovač-Blaž, Janez Breznik, Davorin Ćeranić, David Drobne, Mojca Gašperin, Tomaž Jurca, Maja Ebert Moltara, Rado Janša, Marjana Turk Jerovšek, Taja Jordan, Tina Kamhi, Primož Karner, Milena Kerin-Povšič, Neža Majdič, Denis Mlakar-Mastnak, Andreja Ocepek, Tadeja Pintar, Stojan Potrč, Nataša Smrekar, Monika Sonc, Maja Šeruga, Petra Tavčar, Igor Virant, 2021, professional article Keywords: kronična odpoved prebavil, zdravljenje, onkološko zdravljenje
Published in DiRROS: 11.06.2021; Views: 1333; Downloads: 359
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59. Initial presenting manifestations in 16,486 patients with inborn errors of immunity include infections and noninfectious manifestationsJulian Thalhammer, Gerhard Kindle, Alexandra Nieters, Stephan Rusch, Mikko R. J. Seppänen, Alain Fischer, Bodo Grimbacher, David Edgar, Matthew Buckland, Nizar Mahlaoui, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are rare diseases, which makes diagnosis a challenge. A better description of the initial presenting manifestations should improve awareness and avoid diagnostic delay. Although increased infection susceptibility is a well-known initial IEI manifestation, less is known about the frequency of other presenting manifestations. Objective. We sought to analyze age-related initial presenting manifestations of IEI including different IEI disease cohorts. Methods. We analyzed data on 16,486 patients of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies Registry. Patients with autoinflammatory diseases were excluded because of the limited number registered. Results. Overall, 68% of patients initially presented with infections only, 9% with immune dysregulation only, and 9% with a combination of both. Syndromic features were the presenting feature in 12%, 4% had laboratory abnormalities only, 1.5% were diagnosed because of family history only, and 0.8% presented with malignancy. Two-third of patients with IEI presented before the age of 6 years, but a quarter of patients developed initial symptoms only as adults. Immune dysregulation was most frequently recognized as an initial IEI manifestation between age 6 and 25 years, with male predominance until age 10 years, shifting to female predominance after age 40 years. Infections were most prevalent as a first manifestation in patients presenting after age 30 years. Conclusions. An exclusive focus on infection-centered warning signs would have missed around 25% of patients with IEI who initially present with other manifestations.
Keywords: immunity, autoimmune diseases, inflammation, signs and symptoms, registries, inborn error of immunity, primary immunodeficiency, immune dysregulation
Published in DiRROS: 28.05.2021; Views: 980; Downloads: 225
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60. Primerjava dendrokronoloških raziskovanj z ocenjevanjem prirastka na gozdarskih raziskovalnih ploskvahDavid Hladnik, Tom Levanič, 2021, professional article Abstract: Izsledke dendrokronološkega raziskovanja na podlagi dreves višjih socialnih položajev v smrekovem debeljaku smo primerjali z ocenjevanjem prirastka na raziskovalnih ploskvah v smrekovih sestojih na Pokljuki. Za primerjavo dendrokronološke analize z izsledki o prirastku na raziskovalnih ploskvah smo uporabili le del podatkov do standardizacije dendrokronoloških krivulj, ker nismo želeli odstraniti starostnega trenda iz časovne vrste opazovanj. Na raziskovalnih ploskvah, ki so bile postavljene pred 60 leti, smo z zaporednimi meritvami premerov dreves ocenjevali debelinske prirastke, lesne zaloge in volumenske prirastke v posameznih obdobjih. Variabilnost povprečnega debelinskega prirastka v najvišjih debelinskih razredih na raziskovalnih ploskvah je bila primerljiva z ocenami za dominantna drevesa, analizirana v dendrokronološki analizi. Podatki iz dendrokronoloških raziskovanj so dobro izhodišče in v veliko oporo pri ocenjevanju dinamike razvoja v gozdnih sestojih ter pri presojanju o spremembah v 5- ali 10-letnih obdobjih zaporednih gozdnih inventur
Keywords: dendrokronološka analiza, gozdne inventure, debelinski prirastek, smreka
Published in DiRROS: 17.05.2021; Views: 1441; Downloads: 482
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