1. The effect of forest gaps on the diversity and composition of bacterial communities in mixed-type forest soils across the Carpathian mountainsNejc Suban, Olivera Maksimović, Nataša Šibanc, Tijana Martinović, Eva Dařenová, Matjaž Čater, Tine Grebenc, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Mixed forests of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) play a vital ecological role in Central and South-Eastern Europe. This study investigates the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in these forests, focusing on rhizosphere and bulk soils under varying canopy structures. Soil samples were collected from eight sites along the Carpathian Mountains, including managed forests and the remnants of old growth. Metabarcoding of bacterial communities revealed that alpha diversity (species richness, Shannon index, and evenness) was significantly affected by sampling location but not by forest canopy structure or soil type (rhizosphere and bulk soil). The lowest bacterial diversity was found in the old-growth forest of the Beskidy region, while the highest was recorded in managed forest in Vrancea. Beta diversity analyses showed minimal variation between rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial communities, with geographic distance being the strongest predictor of community composition. Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla across all sites, with higher relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in all rhizosphere samples compared to bulk soil. Complex combinations of various environmental conditions at each sampling location, including soil parameters (mainly pH and C:N ratio), the age of forest gaps, the type and intensity of disturbances, and species composition of above-ground vegetation, can strongly affect soil bacterial communities. A closer examination of additional environmental variables would be necessary to better explain the observed differences in the diversity and composition of bacterial communities.
Ključne besede: forest gaps, forest management, soil microbiome, soil, rhizosphere, Carpathians, temperate forest
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.12.2024; Ogledov: 2029; Prenosov: 863
 Celotno besedilo (1,29 MB) |
2. First record of the northern spruce bark beetle, Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg, 1836), in SloveniaAndreja Kavčič, Zina Devetak, Barbara Piškur, Eva Groznik, Maarten De Groot, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The northern spruce bark beetle, Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg), has invaded Central Europe in the past century and continues to spread southwards and westwards. It has caused damage in some parts of Europe in recent decades and poses a serious threat to spruce forests across the continent. From 2018 to 2021, we conducted intensive monitoring to determine the status of I. duplicatus in Slovenia. We used different types of traps and pheromone lures that attract I. duplicatus beetles and took bark samples from bark beetle-infested trees. Of the 26 traps used during the four years of monitoring, I. duplicatus was found in 16 traps in the central part of Slovenia in 2020. Adult beetles were caught in traps containing both I. typographus and I. duplicatus lures. The identity of this species was confirmed using morphological keys and molecular methods. One to five I. duplicatus beetles were found per trap, totaling 25 specimens. However, we did not confirm any I. duplicatus in samples taken from trees in 2021. We conclude that I. duplicatus is present in Slovenia, but our results suggest that the species is only present locally and that the population is small.
Ključne besede: biological invasions, forest pests, temperate forests, conifers, damage, forest pest monitoring, confirmation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.09.2023; Ogledov: 1385; Prenosov: 824
Celotno besedilo (3,04 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
3. Climate change and disturbances will shape future temperate forests in the transition zone between Central and SE EuropeLado Kutnar, Janez Kermavnar, Anže Martin Pintar, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: It is expected that climate change as well as abiotic and anthropogenic disturbances will strongly influence temperate forests. Besides changes in the main climate variables, various disturbance factors may significantly worsen conditions for mesic Slovenian forests (SE Europe) dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). In Slovenia, the climate has warmed in recent decades, with an average annual rate of increase of about 0.4°C per decade or even more than 0.5°C per decade in summer. In addition, disturbances have caused considerable damage to trees in the most extensive forest types in Slovenia, starting with a widespread ice storm in 2014, followed by bark beetle outbreaks, windthrows and salvage logging interventions. After 2014, salvage logging increased from about one third to two thirds of the total annual felling. Over the last two decades, we have observed a decline in Norway spruce growing stock, with the highest rate of decrease in areas below 500 m a.s.l., and an increasing trend for European beech. Overall, the three dominant species (beech, spruce, silver fir), which together account for more than 70% of the total growing stock, have shown a declining trend over the last 20 years. The patterns observed are broadly consistent with earlier predictions developed for different climate change scenarios and with those reported in many other European countries. Adaptive forest management, which implements close-to-nature silviculture, has been traditionally practised in the region under study and has the potential to play an important role in reducing the risks associated with the impacts of climate change and disturbances in the future.
Ključne besede: climate warming, disturbance factors, ice storm, bark beetle outbreaks, spruce decline, salvage logging, tree species composition, temperate forest, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.01.2022; Ogledov: 1703; Prenosov: 1332
Celotno besedilo (2,55 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
