1. Subterranean environments contribute to three-quarters of classified ecosystem servicesStefano Mammola, David Brankovits, Tiziana Di Lorenzo, Isabel R. Amorim, Raluca Ioana Bancila, Adrià Bellvert, Enrico Bernard, Anna Blomberg, Nataša Mori, Maja Zagmajster, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sed-imentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Although largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and reg-ulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to majorbiogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water.They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contri-butions often go unrecognised, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, fresh-water, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists,practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contrib-ute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively,lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we list examples of the main ecosystem services provided by subter-ranean systems to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. Webelieve this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples to communicate more effectivelythe importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.
Ključne besede: groundwater, hypogean, nature value, drinking water, food production, biotechnology, geothermal energy, sustainability, ecotourism, cultural heritage
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.03.2026; Ogledov: 106; Prenosov: 91
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2. Groundwater recharge as a basis for the assessment of ecosystem services on commonland: the case of the Primorska region in SloveniaNevenka Bogataj, Peter Frantar, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The objective of this analysis is to assess groundwater ecosystem services and collect available data, with a particular focus on the supply side of their provision in common lands. The assessment of the state and trends of its recharge is conducted using the water balance model mGROWA. The study focuses on the period from 1972 to 2023 and the Primorska region due to the availability of both, spatial and temporal data for groundwater recharge and for forests on common lands. Based on the findings, we propose to recognise and support agrarian communities as large land proprietors practising the sustainable management of natural resources, underpinned by a benefit-sharing paradigm as stakeholders in groundwater management.
Ključne besede: common lands, ecosystem services, groundwater, hydrology, Slovenia, Primorska region, drinking water
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.01.2026; Ogledov: 239; Prenosov: 156
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3. Identification of a PCE contamination source in an intergranular aquifer using a simulation–optimisation framework: a case study of Ljubljana polje, SloveniaMitja Janža, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Identification of contamination sources is critical for effective remediation planning in contaminated aquifers. This study presents a simulation–optimisation framework that was developed to reconstruct the release history and identify the potential source location after tetrachloroethene (PCE) concentrations that exceeded regulatory limits were detected in production and monitoring wells at the Hrastje well field. The approach integrates a physically based groundwater flow and solute transport model with an evolutionary algorithm to estimate unknown source parameters. The method was tested under realistic field conditions, accounting for the complexity and uncertainty of the subsurface environment. In the optimisation procedure, parameter values converged towards optimal estimates, and the simulated PCE concentrations in monitored wells showed good agreement with the observed values. The delineated source location and the reconstructed temporal and spatial dynamics of PCE contamination in the aquifer provide essential guidance for decision makers in designing and prioritising remediation strategies. By narrowing the potential source area, more targeted and cost-effective field investigations can be planned. The developed model offers a practical tool for evaluating alternative remediation scenarios, supporting adaptive water resource management and safeguarding the drinking water supply.
Ključne besede: groundwater contamination, remediation planning, drinking water protection, well field management, modelling
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.01.2026; Ogledov: 468; Prenosov: 199
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4. Subterranean environments contribute to three-quarters of classified ecosystem servicesStefano Mammola, David Brankovits, Tiziana Di Lorenzo, Isabel R. Amorim, Raluca Ioana Bancila, Nataša Mori, Maja Zagmajster, 2025, drugi sestavni deli Povzetek: Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Though largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and regulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to major biogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water. They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contributions often go unrecognized, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists, practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contribute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively, lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we provide examples of the main services to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. We believe this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples and targeted metaphors to more effectively communicate the importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.
Ključne besede: cultural heritage, ecotourism, sustainability, geothermal energy, biotechnology, food production, drinking water, nature value, hypogean, groundwater
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 667; Prenosov: 997
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5. The potential of complementary sex-determiner gene allelic diversity for studying the number of patrilines within honeybee coloniesRobert Mroczek, Joanna Niedbalska-Tarnowska, Ajda Moškrič, Kinga Adamczyk-Wẹglarzy, Agnieszka Łaszkiewicz, Małgorzata Cebrat, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: groundwater, WTP (water treatment plant), parameters, drinking water quality, water quality index, CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment)
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Ogledov: 873; Prenosov: 545
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