1. Haptoglobin as a novel predictor of visceral involvement and relapse in adult IgAV patientsMatija Bajželj, Nina Visočnik, Katjuša Mrak Poljšak, Matjaž Hladnik, Katja Lakota, Alojzija Hočevar, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Introduction: IgA vasculitis (IgAV) can present as skin-limited or systemic disease, which can be severe in adults. Predictive markers for visceral involvement are suboptimal. Considering haptoglobin's role as an acute phase reactant, we evaluated whether its differential expression in IgAV patients' skin and leukocytes is also reflected systemically in a larger cohort of adult IgAV patients. Additionally, soluble form of haptoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 was measured in IgAV patient serum. Methods: We re-analyzed RNA sequencing data from leukocytes and skin biopsies of treatment-naïve adult IgAV patients: (1) IgAV nephritis (n = 3), (2) skin-limited IgAV (n = 3), and healthy controls (n = 3). Haptoglobin serum level was measured in 178, and haptoglobin genotyping was performed in 91 treatment-naïve adult IgAV patients. Serum sCD163 was measured in 60 IgAV patients and 22 HC. Results: Transcriptomic data of leukocytes and skin of IgAV nephritis patients identified haptoglobin as a hub gene, based on protein-protein interaction network. Haptoglobin serum level was elevated in IgAV patients with nephritis or gastrointestinal involvement compared to other IgAV patients. Patients who relapsed during follow-up had decreased haptoglobin serum level at disease presentation compared to non-relapsing patients. Haptoglobin genotyping did not show differences between genotype groups regarding clinical presentation and laboratory parameters. Serum sCD163 was significantly higher in IgAV nephritis patients compared to HC. Conclusion: We identified haptoglobin as a novel marker of visceral involvement and relapse in adult IgAV, while sCD163 is linked to renal involvement. Further studies will confirm the clinical utility of haptoglobin as biomarker in IgAV. Key Points • Haptoglobin expression is upregulated in leukocytes and skin of adult IgAV with renal involvement. • Haptoglobin serum level is elevated in IgAV patients with visceral involvement. • Patients with IgAV relapse have lower haptoglobin at disease presentation.
Ključne besede: hepatoglobin, IgA vasculitis, transcription data, biomarker
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.12.2025; Ogledov: 66; Prenosov: 35
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2. Global Impacts Dataset of Invasive Alien Species (GIDIAS)Sven Bacher, Ellen Ryan-Colton, Mario Coiro, Phillip Cassey, Bella S. Galil, Martin A. Nuñez, Michael Ansong, Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz, Georgi Fayvush, Romina D. Fernandez, Maarten De Groot, 2025, zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov Povzetek: We present the Global Impacts Dataset of Invasive Alien Species (GIDIAS), a global dataset of 22865 records including impacts of invasive alien species on nature, nature’s contributions to people, and good quality of life. Records include positive and negative impacts, neutral impacts (studies were carried out, but no impacts were documented), non-directional impacts (i.e., change without detriments or benefits for native species or people), and finally, some records of alien species where no studies were found that assessed their impacts (indicating data gaps). Records cover 3353 invasive alien species from all major taxa (plants, vertebrates, invertebrates, microorganisms) and all continents and realms (terrestrial, freshwater, marine). The data were compiled to serve as robust evidence for chapter 4 “Impacts of invasive alien species on nature, nature's contributions to people, and good quality of life” of the global assessment report on invasive alien species by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES; available on Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7430731). The dataset is provided in a machine-readable CSV file (file name GIDIAS_20250417_machine_read.csv), with special language characters retained where used (UTF-8 format). The dataset is also provided in Excel format (file name GIDIAS_20250417_Excel.xlsx). Metadata is provided in Excel format, including descriptors for each variable (file name GIDIAS_metadata_20250417.xlsx). Additional explanations for GIDIAS is stored in Microsoft Word format (docx) and contains (1) a short description of the principles of Environmental and Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT, SEICAT), (2) a description of the variables included in the Global Impacts Dataset of Invasive Alien Species GIDIAS, and (3) a compilation of the search strategies and datasets included in the Global Impact Dataset of Invasive Alien Species (GIDIAS).
Ključne besede: invasive alien species, research data
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.12.2025; Ogledov: 76; Prenosov: 32
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3. Grammatical error correction of Slovenian school essays using large language modelsMatej Klemen, Martin Božič, Špela Arhar Holdt, Marko Robnik Šikonja, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Grammatical error correction (GEC) is the task of automatically detecting and correcting grammatical errors in text. Large language models have enabled the development of accurate automated methods for detecting and correcting certain types of errors. In the educational domain, the aim of GEC is to aid teachers in correcting student errors. Excessive paraphrasing is a property of Generative Pre-trained Transformer-based models and is undesirable in the language education context. To avoid this, we develop multiple Slovenian models for correcting errors in spelling, word case (capitalization), word form, and word order. We describe the training data construction, training process, and model evaluation approach using the Šolar-Eval 1.0 corpus of school essays authored by primary and secondary school students. Our quantitative evaluation shows that the developed models have reasonably high accuracy levels, and our qualitative evaluation highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the models and the evaluation process. The analysis reveals multiple challenges and promising future directions for improving both model development and the evaluation process.
Ključne besede: large language models, grammatical error correction, educational domain, synthetic data construction
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.12.2025; Ogledov: 59; Prenosov: 34
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4. INFRACOMS appraisal toolkit for NRAs to assess emerging technologies in bridge and pavement managementKevin McPherson, Mogens Saberi, Fengqiao Zhang, Anna Arvidsson, Simon Fjendbo, Darko Kokot, Carl van Geem, Ali Yeganeh, 2025, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Povzetek: National Road Authorities (NRAs) draw on a wide range of technologies and tools to support robust decisions on asset maintenance. However, in recent years there has been significant progress in the development of sensing technologies for data collection and advanced techniques for data processing. These technologies present an opportunity to improve asset management decisions, but also present a challenge for NRAs, as they seek to realise the benefits. This contribution presents the appraisal methodology for emerging technologies proposed by the INFRACOMS project commissioned by the Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR). The methodology provides objective appraisals since technologies are scrutinised against proposed subsequent criteria. Cost factors, potential benefit categories and limitations are identified. Technologies are ranked by key imperatives and scored. Technologies with a good score are evaluated more thoroughly, which may need specialist input and discussions with the technology supplier. It results in a technical score, a benefit/cost assessment and identified steps in a roadmap toward implementation. The NRAs can share their individual appraisals in a database. The second part of the project develops an action plan to guide NRAs in adapting and implementing promising emerging technologies and training sessions on the use of the developed appraisal toolkit.
Ključne besede: monitoring data, digitalisation, sustainability, sustainability, asset condition data, new technologies
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 28.11.2025; Ogledov: 43; Prenosov: 26
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5. Wild and globally traded ornamental aquatic plants harbor diverse plant viruses, including notable crop pathogensLana Vogrinec, Katarina Bačnik, Martina Bačič, Nataša Mehle, Aimee R. Fowkes, Živa Lengar, Valerie Harju, Ian Adams, Adrian Fox, Denis Kutnjak, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background Aquatic plants play key roles in ecosystems, serving as primary producers and providing habitat for other aquatic life. While many are ecologically important, some invasive species, often introduced through the ornamental plant trade, pose threats to various aquatic ecosystems. Although viral infections have been documented to some extent in aquatic crops, the viral diversity in wild and ornamental aquatic plants remains largely unexplored. Investigating the viral communities of aquatic plants is important, as their direct contact with water allows for the potential long-distance transmission of stable viruses released from infected individuals. Invasive aquatic plants exacerbate this issue by introducing novel microbes, including viruses, to new regions, increasing the potential threat to native plant populations. Results Here, we investigated the viral communities of diverse aquatic plants by mining publicly available transcriptome data of 79 wild aquatic species and sequencing the RNA from 14 plant species (some of them of different ornamental varieties), sourced from hobby aquascaping stores. Plant viruses from various families were detected in taxonomically diverse aquatic plants, ranging from algae to angiosperms. Alongside sequences of known crop pathogens, such as turnip yellows virus, cucumber mosaic virus, and lettuce chlorosis virus, we identified contigs of putative novel viral species belonging to several plant-infecting viral families. Most notably, we discovered sequences of known and novel begomoviruses, which may be causing observed ornamental phenotypes in two different aquatic plants. Further, we identified a novel potyvirus that appears to be globally present in multiple ornamental plants from the genus Sagittaria. We detected it in three plants sourced from online stores in Slovenia, as well as six plants intercepted during the import process into the UK. Conclusions Our findings expand on the so far limited knowledge of aquatic plant viruses, revealing known and putative novel plant viral species across diverse aquatic plant taxa. The detection of crop viruses, including regulated pathogens, in ornamental aquatic plants highlights the risks associated with their unregulated global trade. Further research into viruses of aquatic plants may provide insights into their role in ecosystems as well as their potential impact on agriculture.
Ključne besede: aquatic plants, macrophytes, viromes, high-throughput sequencing, data mining, virology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.11.2025; Ogledov: 67; Prenosov: 31
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6. Project management digitalisation of the clinical research at the University Medical Centre : good practice of using REDCap as a digitalisation toolZdenko Garaševič, Franc Strle, Martina Jaklič, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objective: The digital tool REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) was implemented at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana (UMCL) with the goal of digitalising and streamlining research processes. This study aimed to assess the efficiency and transparency of clinical research following the implementation of REDCap. Methods: The implementation of REDCap for funded research began in 2021. It comprised four key steps: (I) the initial creation of Central Research Registry, followed by additional functionalities including (II) the establishment of the Central Database for ’Pre-Contract Activities’ for clinical trials; (III) the integration of Reporting on Research Progress directly into the Central Research Registry; and (IV) the development of a semi-automated Workflow for internal agreements. Results: Between 2021 and 2023, UMCL established a Central Research Registry using REDCap, transitioning from paper-based to digital data collection for over 2,500 research projects. These projects included clinical trials, national and international studies, as well as academic research. In addition to serving as a registry, the central system provided comprehensive data management, streamlined communication, and enhanced collaboration among stakeholders in clinical trial research at UMCL. The implementation of REDCap significantly reduced administrative burden and shortened the time required to finalise clinical trial agreements from 202 to 147 days. It also improved coordination, transparency, and real-time monitoring of research activities, facilitating more efficient research execution. Additionally, the digitalisation of internal agreements processes between researchers and stakeholders within UMCL improved coordination and expedited research execution timelines. Furthermore, REDCap enabled real-time monitoring of research progress, further contributing to the efficiency and transparency of research activities. Conclusion: The digitalisation of research processes using REDCap improved the organisation and execution of research, leading to greater efficiency and transparency, reduced administrative workload, and enhanced collaboration. This approach contributed to higher-quality research outcomes and ultimately benefited patient care.
Ključne besede: digitalisation, REDCap, clinical research, efficiency, transparency, research registry, data management
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.11.2025; Ogledov: 128; Prenosov: 57
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7. Editorial : databases and nutrition, volume IIAlessandra Durazzo, Igor Pravst, Massimo Lucarini, 2023, predgovor, uvodnik, spremna beseda Ključne besede: food data, food groups, nutrients, natural substances, dietary supplements, classification, categorization, food composition databases
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.11.2025; Ogledov: 129; Prenosov: 47
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8. Total and free sugar content of pre-packaged foods and non-alcoholic beverages in SloveniaNina Mikec, Krista Miklavec, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Nataša Fidler Mis, Igor Pravst, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: free sugar, sugars, food composition, sales data, nutrition label, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Ogledov: 155; Prenosov: 66
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9. Free sugar content in pre-packaged products : does voluntary product reformulation work in practice?Nina Mikec, Maša Hribar, Nataša Fidler Mis, Igor Pravst, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: free sugar, ultra-processed food, food composition, sales data, nutrition label, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Ogledov: 144; Prenosov: 61
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10. Nutrient profiling is needed to improve the nutritional quality of the foods labelled with health-related claimsUrška Pivk Kupirovič, Krista Miklavec, Maša Hribar, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Igor Pravst, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: food supply, health claim, nutrition claim, nutrient profile, nutrition quality, sales data, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Ogledov: 149; Prenosov: 57
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