Iskanje po repozitoriju

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Povzetek: Children undergoing cancer treatment face repeated, prolonged hospitalisations carrying substantial risks of psychological distress, social isolation, and impaired development. Volunteers offering structured non-medical activities are widely employed to complement professional psychosocial care in paediatric oncology settings, yet empirical evidence examining their role specifically—as distinct from professionally delivered psychosocial interventions—remains sparse. This narrative review, conducted in accordance with SANRA criteria and drawing on a structured search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar (2000–2025), supplemented by a targeted verification search in July 2026, synthesises the theoretical and preliminary empirical basis for volunteer involvement, critically evaluates associated clinical risks, and proposes evidence-informed recommendations for paediatric oncology clinical practice. Three theoretical frameworks provide the conceptual grounding for volunteer activities: developmental psychological models (Piaget; Erikson), stress and coping theory (Lazarus and Folkman), and the biopsychosocial model (Engel). Indirect empirical evidence—derived predominantly from professionally delivered interventions—supports short-term benefits of structured distraction, play, and social activities on procedural anxiety, pain experience, and sense of social inclusion; the sole study examining volunteer-facilitated activities specifically in paediatric oncology reported meaningful reductions in distress and high family satisfaction. Eight categories of clinical risk are identified, including physical and psychological overload, erosion of child autonomy, suppression of authentic emotional expression, and inadequate coordination with healthcare staff. Six practice recommendations are proposed, centred on a working definition of the volunteer role, mandatory pre-access training, genuine individualisation including cultural adaptation, multidisciplinary-team-led coordination, and structured programme evaluation. Volunteer involvement can meaningfully complement professional psychosocial care when delivered within a structured, supervised, and multidisciplinary-team-coordinated framework. The paediatric oncology team occupies a pivotal role in realising the potential benefits while safeguarding children from associated risks. Prospective research employing standardised volunteer programme definitions and validated child-reported outcome measures is urgently needed to build an evidence base commensurate with the clinical importance of this practice.
Ključne besede: paediatric oncology, hospitalised children, volunteers, psychosocial support, cancer nursing, play interventions, distraction, clinical recommendations
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.08.2026; Ogledov: 23; Prenosov: 16
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Ključne besede: familial hypercholesterolemia, diagnostic criteria, detection, machine learning model, cardiovascular disease, children
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.07.2026; Ogledov: 150; Prenosov: 103
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Povzetek: The attempt to reconstruct the personality and the literary works of Margaret Fuller and Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić shines the spotlight not only on these extraordinary female figures, two strong female voices coming from two distant parts of the world, Margaret as a writer, Transcendentalist, translator, journal editor and contributor; Ivana as the authoress of short stories, poems, a short novel and collections of fairy-tales, but also from a period of time which represents a prolegomenon in the comprehension of female abilities. Both of these distinguished female figures earned significant reputation: Margaret was the first American female foreign correspondent, and Ivana received two nominations for the Nobel Prize for Literature. Both were ahead of their time and ‘’moved’’ the boundaries, both were dedicated to education and writing, and tried whole-heartedly to influence the improvement of the social position of women. The aim of this paper is to point out their vision of (women’s) writing / children’s literature as well as their contribution to education (of women) in general.
Ključne besede: female voice, antebellum America, South Slavic literary context, children’s literature
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.07.2026; Ogledov: 95; Prenosov: 67
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Povzetek: Background/Objectives: Dyslipidemia is increasingly linked to retinal microvascular changes, yet its impact in pediatric populations remains unclear. Given the retina’s role as a microvascular model, this review evaluates the association between dyslipidemia and retinal vascular alterations in children and adolescents. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to evaluate the association between lipid profiles, body composition, and retinal vascular parameters in individuals younger than 19 years. Four eligible studies were found. Results: Triglyceride (TG) levels, total cholesterol (TC) levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels were associated with smaller retinal arteriole diameters (CRAE), whereas there was no consistent association between venular diameter (CRVE) and lipid levels. In addition, families with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) had lower capillary densities and larger foveal avascular zone areas detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) compared to control subjects. The presence of both obesity and dyslipidemia resulted in greater degrees of arteriolar narrowing. Conclusions: These findings suggest that adverse metabolic profiles in childhood may be linked to early microvascular alterations. However, the limited number of heterogeneous studies highlights the need for larger longitudinal investigations.
Ključne besede: body composition, dyslipidemia, retinal vessels, children, familial hypercholesterolemia, optical coherence tomography angiography
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.07.2026; Ogledov: 161; Prenosov: 128
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Povzetek: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), also known as a Kawasaki-like illness, is a rare condition linked to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It presents with systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction, and it shares several clinical features with Kawasaki disease (KD). This case report describes an 8-year-old girl that developed symptoms suggestive of MIS or KD several weeks after a COVID-19 infection. She experienced a high fever lasting 4 days, followed by the appearance of itchy, erythematous patches on her legs, which later spread to her trunk and face. The inflammatory symptoms resolved spontaneously in less than 2 months without any lasting effects.
Ključne besede: multisystem inflammatory syndrome, Kawasaki-like illness, COVID-19, children, β-thalassemia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.06.2026; Ogledov: 227; Prenosov: 193
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