111. Association of matrix metalloproteinases polymorphisms with glaucoma risk, glaucoma phenotype, and response to treatment with selective laser trabeculoplasty or latanoprostMakedonka Atanasovska Velkovska, Katja Goričar, Tanja Blagus, Vita Dolžan, Barbara Cvenkel, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In open-angle glaucoma, the increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) is caused by an increased resistance to aqueous humour outflow in the trabecular meshwork. Since genetic variability of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes may influence extracellular matrix remodelling, we investigated their association with glaucoma risk and/or response to treatment. The retrospective part of the study included patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT); in the prospective part of the study, newly diagnosed patients with POAG or OHT were randomised to receive either latanoprost or selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) as the initial treatment. The reduction in IOP was measured 6 weeks after treatment. The following MMP single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped: MMP2 rs243865, rs243849, and rs7201; MMP3 rs3025058; MMP9 rs17576, rs17577, rs20544, and rs2250889; MMP14 rs1042704, rs1042704, and rs743257. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios to assess the association between MMP polymorphism and risk of POAG or OHT, glaucoma phenotypes and response to treatment. Only carriers of the MMP3 rs3025058 TT genotype had a significantly higher risk of OHT, more advanced glaucoma, and a higher C/D ratio in the additive and dominant models. None of the investigated MMP polymorphisms were associated with response to treatment with latanoprost and SLT in our study population.
Ključne besede: glaucoma, latanoprost, matrix metalloproteinases, selective laser trabeculoplasty, single nucleotide polymorphisms
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 88; Prenosov: 39
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112. Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thinning in patients with X- linked retinoschisis : Elektronski virPeter Kiraly, Ana Uršula Gavrič, Felix F. Reichel, Johannes Birtel, Luca Mautone, Yevgeniya Atiskova, Philipp Herrmann, Martina Jarc-Vidmar, Marko Hawlina, Susan Downes, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Aims: To assess peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) thickness in patients with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS), as pRNFL thinning may limit functional improvements in gene therapy trials. Methods: This retrospective multicentre study included 49 eyes from 25 patients diagnosed with XLRS. Data collected with multimodal imaging at baseline and last follow-up (when available) included age, best-recorded visual acuity (BRVA), central retinal thickness, macular volume (MV), presence and location of peripheral retinoschisis and pRNFL thickness in the global (G), superotemporal (TS), superonasal (NS), inferotemporal (TI), inferonasal (NI), nasal (N) and temporal (T) sectors. Retinal sensitivity, assessed by microperimetry, was also recorded for seven patients at baseline. Results: pRNFL was thinner (below the fifth percentile) in at least one sector in 72% of right eyes and 79% of left eyes, with thinning across three or more sectors in 20% of right and 17% of left eyes. In 44% of cases, thinning occurred in the temporal sectors of both eyes, with no nasal sectoral thinning. Number of peripheral retinoschisis quadrants matched thinned pRNFL sectors. A strong positive correlation was found between MV and temporal pRNFL thickness (r=0.71, p<0.01), while weak negative correlation trends were noted with age (p=0.05) and BRVA (logMAR; p=0.12) related to temporal thickness of pRNFL sectors. Conclusion: pRNFL thinning, predominantly sectoral and linked to macular or peripheral retinoschisis, occurs in about three-quarters of patients with XLRS, while diffuse thinning occurs in one-fifth. Temporal pRNFL thinning might occur only after the collapse of intraretinal cystoid cavities in the macula.
Ključne besede: retinoschisis, X-linked retinoschisis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 96; Prenosov: 41
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113. The risk of occupational anaphylaxis in beekeepers : an educational public health interventionTea Močnik, Mihaela Zidarn, Nina Frelih, Sabina Ličen, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: Beekeepers are at increased risk for anaphylaxis due to frequent honeybee stings. This study developed an educational program for anaphylaxis prevention and an assessment tool to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of Slovenian beekeepers.Methods: The educational program was developed using the Delphi method with 13 healthcare professionals (9 allergists and 4 registered nurses specialized in allergology). The Beekeepers Anaphylaxis Awareness and Learning Questionnaire (BAALQ) consisted of two distinct components, developed by 12 experts. Content validity for the Recognition and Anaphylaxis Action Scale (RAAS) was confirmed by 59 healthcare professionals. Criterion and construct validity were assessed with 143 beekeepers without a history of anaphylaxis, using a nominal scale for measuring knowledge and a 5-point Likert scale for evaluating Socio-Cultural Learning Attitudes Scale (SCLAS). Knowledge differences among beekeepers before and after the educational intervention were evaluated using the Wilcoxon test. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used to assess internal consistency of the instrument.Results: The RAAS included 26 statements. Kendall’s W was 0.799 (95% CI: 0.718–0.866, x2 = 359, p < 0.001), indicating strong expert agreement, while Cronbach’s alpha was 0.798 (95% CI: 0.756–0.840). To further assess internal consistency, the Split-half method showed a Pearson correlation of 0.733, with a Spearman-Brown correction value of 0.846, confirming the instrument’s good reliability. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in knowledge (Z = −10.078; p < 0.001), with Mdn scores rising from 18 to 25. The SCLAS included 15 statements. Kendall’s W was 0.714 (95% CI: 0.600–0.814, x2 = 289, p < 0.001). Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed three factors: “Self-confidence,” “Importance of knowledge and education,” and “Influence of gender and age.” The model fit well (RMSEA = 0.0618, CFI = 0.925, TLI = 0.911), with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.717 (95% CI: 0.683–0.751).Conclusion: The developed educational program is effective in improving beekeepers’ knowledge of recognizing and responding to anaphylaxis. The assessment tool shows strong validity and reliability and supports its use in future educational and research contexts.
Ključne besede: knowledge, attitudes, questionnaire
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 62; Prenosov: 28
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114. Health effects of olive oil polyphenols : recent advances and possibilities for the use of health claimsSandra Martín-Peláez, María Isabel Covas, Montserrat Fitó, Anita Kušar, Igor Pravst, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The Mediterranean diet and consumption of olive oil have been connected in several studies with longevity and a reduced risk of morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle, such as regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and the existing social cohesion in Southern European countries have been recognised ascandidate protective factors that may explain the Mediterranean Paradox. Along with some other characteristics of the Mediterranean diet, the use of olive oil as the main source of fat is common in Southern European countries. The benefits of consuming olive oil have been known since antiquity and were traditionally attributed to its high content in oleic acid. However, it is now well established that these effects must also be attributed to the phenolicfraction of olive oil with its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. The mechanisms of these activities are varied and probably interconnected. For some activities of olive oil phenolic compounds, the evidence is already strong enough to enable the legal use of health claimson foods. This review discusses the health effects of olive oil phenols along with the possibilities of communicating these effects on food labels.
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115. Heat treatment optimisation of 18 % Ni maraging steel produced by DED-ARC for enhancing mechanical propertiesMaja Lindič, Damjan Klobčar, Aleš Nagode, Nikolaj Mole, Borut Žužek, Tomaž Vuherer, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This article deals with the Directed Energy Deposition using Wire and Arc (DED-ARC) for maraging steel cladding. A technology for cladding using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) has been developed that enables the perfect deposition of maraging steel. The material characterisation was carried out in different material states: in the as-built, solution annealed and aged. The research included visual examinations, optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy / Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), fractography, hardness testing, tensile testing and impact toughness testing. The as-deposited state exhibited a microstructure with very long crystal grains and microsegregations orientated the direction of the heat sink, consisting of lath martensite. Consequently, a subsequent heat treatment is absolutely necessary in order to obtain a uniform fine-grained microstructure. Two different solution annealing processes were analysed, which allowed us to select the most suitable process for the first step of heat treatment followed by aging. A response surface methodology was used to optimise the aging conditions. The results show that additively manufactured maraging steel reaches a tensile strength of 1947 MPa, a hardness of 657 HV5 and a Charpy impact toughness of 11 J at peak aging condition, which is comparable to conventionally manufactured maraging steel.
Ključne besede: maraging steel, heat treatment, material properties optimisation, DED-ARC, GMAW, RSM
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 62; Prenosov: 37
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116. Priročnik za obravnavo otrok in mladostnikov s cistično fibrozoMalena Aldeco, Jernej Brecelj, Katja Korenin, Uroš Krivec, Dušanka Lepej, Anija Orel, Majda Oštir, Marina Praprotnik, Jasna Rodman, Lidija Skočir, Saša Šetina Šmid, Valentina Stefanova, Darja Šmigoc Schweiger, Aleksandra Zver, 2022, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: mladostniki, zdravljenje, infekcije, preprečevanje, inhalacijska terapija, prehranjenost, multidisciplinarna obravnava, elektronske knjige
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 72; Prenosov: 22
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118. The use of machine learning in the diagnosis of kidney allograft rejection : current knowledge and applicationsTanja Belčič Mikič, Miha Arnol, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Abstract: Kidney allograft rejection is one of the main limitations to long-term kidney transplant survival. The diagnostic gold standard for detecting rejection is a kidney biopsy, an invasive procedure that can often give imprecise results due to complex diagnostic criteria and high interobserver variability. In recent years, several additional diagnostic approaches to rejection have been investigated, some of them with the aid of machine learning (ML). In this review, we addressed studies that investigated the detection of kidney allograft rejection over the last decade using various ML algorithms. Various ML techniques were used in three main categories: (a) histopathologic assessment of kidney tissue with the aim to improve the diagnostic accuracy of a kidney biopsy, (b) assessment of gene expression in rejected kidney tissue or peripheral blood and the development of diagnostic classifiers based on these data, (c) radiologic assessment of kidney tissue using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and the construction of a computer-aided diagnostic system. In histopathology, ML algorithms could serve as a support to the pathologist to avoid misclassifications and overcome interobserver variability. Diagnostic platforms based on biopsy-based transcripts serve as a supplement to a kidney biopsy, especially in cases where histopathologic diagnosis is inconclusive. ML models based on radiologic evaluation or gene signature in peripheral blood may be useful in cases where kidney biopsy is contraindicated in addition to other non-invasive biomarkers. The implementation of ML-based diagnostic methods is usually slow and undertaken with caution considering ethical and legal issues. In summary, the approach to the diagnosis of rejection should be individualized and based on all available diagnostic tools (including ML-based), leaving the responsibility for over- and under-treatment in the hands of the clinician.
Ključne besede: kidney transplantation, rejection, diagnosis, machine learning, kidney biopsy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 73; Prenosov: 36
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119. Erythema migrans in patients with post-traumatic splenectomyVera Maraspin-Čarman, Katarina Ogrinc, Petra Bogovič, Tereza Rojko, Eva Ružić-Sabljić, Gary P. Wormser, Franc Strle, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Information on asplenic Lyme borreliosis (LB) patients with erythema migrans (EM) is lacking. We compared the course and outcome of 26 EM episodes in 24 post-trauma splenectomized patients (median age 51 years) diagnosed at a single clinical center in Slovenia during 1994–2023 with those of 52 age- and sex-matched patients with EM but with no history of splenectomy. All patients were followed for one year. A comparison of pre-treatment characteristics revealed that EM in splenectomized patients was of shorter duration before diagnosis (4 vs. 8 days, p = 0.034) with a smaller EM diameter (10.5 vs. 14 cm, p = 0.046), and more frequently fulfilled criteria for disseminated LB (3/26, 11.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.034). Treatment failure occurred in 5/26 (19.2%) EM episodes in splenectomized patients versus 0/52 in non-splenectomized patients (p = 0.003). The five treatment failure cases were retreated with antibiotic regimens used to treat EM and had complete resolution of all symptoms/signs. In conclusion, our study showed that splenectomized adult patients with EM differ somewhat in presentation and more often have treatment failure compared with non-splenectomized patients with EM.
Ključne besede: erythema migrans, Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 69; Prenosov: 39
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