1141. Magnetic resonance of cardiac tumors and massesPavel Berden, 2000, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Cardiac tumors are rare and should be differentiated from nontumoral cardiac masses because of different therapeutic approach. For this purpose, spin-echo (SE) technique and gradient-echo (GE) technique are used in magnetic resonanceimaging (MR). The first provides anatomic evaluation of the heart andtissue characterization, while the second provides dynamic information on the blood flow and heart contraction. Cardiac myxoma is differential from thrombus by paramagnetic contrast agent administration. Their mobility is evaluated with GE technique. Lipomas and subacute hemorrhage have the same, high signal intensity on T1-weighted spin-echo image, therefore, the fat suppression technique is appropriate to recognize them. MR is used in evaluating the response of the malignant tumor to chemotherapy. GE MR is useful to differentiate between the thrombus and slow-flowing blood; the administration of gadolinium helps to distinguish the thrombus from the tumor.In patients suspected of having a cardiac tumor, echocardiography is thefirst method of choice. MR is used to confirm the findigs of echocardiography, to determine precisely the tumor location, extent, and its tissue characterization, to follow up patients under treatment, and to detect early tumor recurrence.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 278; Prenosov: 56
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1142. Magnetic resonance arthrography of the glenohumeral jointVladimir Jevtič, Anton Praprotnik, 2000, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. The purpose of this study was to estimate the value of native magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and direct gadopentate (Gd-DTPA) magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) in diagnosing posttraumatic pathological changes of the glenohumeral joint. Patients and methods. In 27 consecutive patients with clinicaly significant trauma in whom native MRI of the glenohumeral jointwas not diagnostically conclusive direct MRA with paramegnetic contrast agent was accomplished. Following intraarticular injection of Gd-DTPA diluted in saline (concentration 0.2 mmol/l) T1W spin echo (SE) and gradient echo (GE)images were performed. Diagnostic results of native MRI and MRA were compared. Results. MRA revealed 5 rotator cuff lesions, 7 labral lesions, 4 osteochondral injuries and a loose body which were not definitely proved by native MRI. All the pathological findings of MRA were confirmed operatively orarthroscopically. Conslusion. Direct MRA with Gd-DTPA showed to be a more sensitive technique for the demonstration of clinically significant intraarticular posttraumatic changes than noncontrast MRI.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 252; Prenosov: 65
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1143. Optimizing hot-work tool steel microstructure for enhanced toughnessAnže Bajželj, Tilen Balaško, Barbara Šetina, Jaka Burja, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: hot-work tool steel, austempering, bainitic transformation, lower bainite, impact toughness
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 321; Prenosov: 121
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1144. |
1145. Computed tomographic angiography of body vasculatureTomaž Kunst, Pavel Berden, 2000, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. The introduction of helical CT scanners in combination with simultaneous opacification of vessels with contrast medium allows the demonstration of vessels within the chosen volume of interest. This examination is called CT angiography. Being a minimally invasive method, it has been quickly accepted in the spectrum of vessel-imaging modalities, as forexample: Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography, transesophageal ultrasound etc. In the field of cardiovascular radiology, it has been used to demonstrate pathology of ascending and descending aorta, likethe aneurysms, dissection, traumatic rupture or congenital anomalies. It is also very useful in pre- and postoperative follow-up in the aortic stent-graft insertion, a method which has recently become popular. Also the CTangiography has greatly influenced the preoperative calculations and has clearly demonstrated the postoperative anatomical changes as well as complications (i.e. peristental leakage). Conclusions. In this context, it is comparable to intraarterial angiography and even offers some advantages over the latter. The only draw-back being somewhat lower spatial resolution and longer processing time, but with the advent of a new, so called multi-slice scanners and powerful workstations, these draw-backs will be minimized.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 283; Prenosov: 56
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1146. Computed tomographic angiography in intracranial vascular diseasesZoran Miloševič, 2000, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. The development of spiral computed tomography (CT) introduced a more precise imaging of the vessels also with computed tomographic angiography(CTA). Because it is a minimaly invasive method, it was widely accepted by radiologists and clinicians. In early 90ties CTA also accompanied conventional angiography and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in imaging of intracranial vascular diseases. CTA is used for the detection and evaluation of intracranial aneurysms, vascular malformations, stenoocclusive diseases of intracranial arteries and pathological changes of venous sinuses. Comparing to conventional angiography as the "gold standard", CTA has high specificity, sensibility and diagnostic accuracy concerning detections of intracranial aneurysms. Regarding vascular malformations, CTA is used for diagnostics and pre and postopeative evaluation of it. CTA can show good results in imaging of venous angiomas, and so invasive conventional angiography can be avoided in this pathology. Stenosis and occlusions of arteries can be diagnosed and evaluated in patients with cerebral vasospasm, patients with acute stroke, and patients with chronical arterial stenoses and occlusions. CTA is useful for the demonstration of occusive and stenosing changes of intracranial venous sinuses. Conclusion. With CTA it is possible togenerate threedimensional reconstructed images which give a more accurate determination of anatomical relations in intracranial vascular diseases. The main disadventage of CTA in comparison to intraarterial angiography is the lower spatial resolution of CTA, but is constantly imprving with the development of better scanners and workstations, so that there are great possibilities for further deveopement and wider use of CTA in the diagnosis ofintracranial vascaular diseases.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 189; Prenosov: 44
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1147. Ultrasound-guided aspiration biopsy of subclinical regional metastases of head and neck carcinomaAlenka Višnar-Perovič, Aleksandar Aničin, Živa Zupančič, Bojana Černelč, Alojz Šmid, Dubravka Vidmar, Milan Gorenc, 2000, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. Studies concerned with the estimation of ultrasound (US) combined with ultrasound-guided aspiration biopsy (USGAB) in the detection of subclinical regional metastases from the planocellular carcinoma of head and neck are promising, but in few cases. Recently, the authors have pointed out the role of lymph node size parameters in order to decide about the use of USGAB. The aim of this study was to test the reliability of US-USGAB for the detection of subclinical regional metastases in patients with planocellular head and neck carcinomas, including the evaluation of lymph node size parameters. Patients and methods. 121 neck sides with no palpable metastases were examined by US in 77 patients with planocellular carcinomas of head and neck. Depending on the results obtained, USGAB was performed on 64 neck sides.After surgery, the results of US-USGAB were compared with histological findings of the dissected lymph nodes. Results. The study showed 77% overall sensitivity of US and USGAB, and 100% specificity, while the versal / longiyudinal diameter was the best predictor of metastatic lymph node involvement. Conclusion. The results of this study established that USGAB is an appropriate method for detection the subclinical regional metastases on neck, and should be included into routine diagnostic work up in the evaluationof the extent of head and necks carcinomas.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 218; Prenosov: 53
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1148. Endovascular treatment of aortic aneurysm by endoprosthesisMiloš Šurlan, Vladka Salapura, 2000, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Aortic endoprosthesis are divided according to its shape, site of application,and construction material. Regarding the shape, there are tubular,unilateral and bifurcational endoprosthesis. Tubular are used mostly for treatment the thoracic aneurysm, and less for treatment of the abdominal aneurysms. For exclusion of abdominal aneurysm the bifurcational prosthesis ismostly used. Aortic endoprostheses are made of metallic support and prosthetic part. Supportive elements are made of stainless steel or nitinol, while the prosthetic part is made of dacron or PTFE. Metallic part of prosthesis attaches prosthesis to healthy part of aorta, above and below aneurysm, like sutures. It expands and gives support to the prosthesis. The procedure is precisely described for thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms. We describe the possible complications and the mechanism of leakage and its diagnosis. In the study are presented two cases of patients with aneurysm of thoracic aorta and one case with abdominal aorta, successfully treated in our Institution. The follow-up results after 2 years, in the patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm, and 6 months follow up in the patient with abdominalaortic aneurysm showed no signs of clinical or imaging complications.In conslusion, we were trying, on the basis of our experiences and results that have been recently published, to evaluate this method of treatment.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 241; Prenosov: 60
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1149. Diagnostic imaging, indications and measurements for the treatment of aortic aneurysm by endoprosthesisMiloš Šurlan, Vladka Salapura, Tomaž Kunst, 2000, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. This paper presents imaging diagnostics of an aneurysm of the aorta, indications, common contraindications and measurements for the construction and selection of an endoprosthesis. The examination using ultrasound is the most handy and economically justifiable method for detectingan aneurysm of the aorta, for monitoring asymptomatic aneurysm as well as patients having undergone an operation or those with an endoprosthesis. Another examination to visualise the aortic aneurysm is CT with or without contrastive medium. The plan for treating an aneurysm can be made with the help of a DSA, helical CT angiography and/or MRA. DSA shows wellthe lightness of the aneurysm and the aorta, as well as the changes insideof it, large arteries close to the aneurysm and the condition of pelvic arteries for the selection of the approach. The helical CT angiography and MRAin two or three dimensional reproduction in several directions enable an accurate measurement of an aneurysm, the aorta diameter above and below the aneurysm, and the evaluation of the quality of its wall. Conclusions. The indication areas for endoprosthesis are aneurysm of the abdominal aorta and those of the descending part of thoracic aorta. The treatment with endoprosthesis as a less invasive method is indicated in patients who risk a number of complications and even mortality when treated surgically. Endoprosthesis is made of metal stent and prosthesis. The stent attaches the endoprosthesis to the unaffected part of the aorta above and below the aneurysm, it sets the stent asunder and provides support. The prosthesis is made of Dacron synthetic fabric, which has very good properties for this purpose such as small compliance, porosity, permeability and extensibility. The endoprosthesis is introduced into the aorta through a catheter system withthe help of a special guide wire. The entering point is surgically opened common femoral or iliac artery.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Ogledov: 268; Prenosov: 62
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1150. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)Miloš Šurlan, Janez Jereb, 2000, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. A clear presentation of TIPS indications and contraindications, which can be divided into absolute and relative, is given. Absolute indications are fresh and renewed bleeding of varices and inveterate ascites. Relative indications, on the other hand, are splenomegaly with hypersplenism, Budd-Chiari syndrome, liver transplantation and hepatorenal syndrome. Absolutecontraindications are severe liver dysfunction and right heart failure, while the relative ones polycystic liver degeneration, neoplasm, obstruction of the portal vein and severe local and systemic infection. Beforethe TIPS procedure, the level of dysfunction of the liver, right heart and kidneys is determined. Biochemical and blood tests, including a blood coagulation test, are made, the ammonia level in the serum is determined and possible obstructions/strictures of the portal vein are checked. A detailed description of the procedure, a care for patient and a operative monitoring are given. The success rate of the procedure is between 93% and 100% and the mortality rate within 30 days because TIPS is between 1% and 3%. The hemorrhage is stopped in 95% to 100%, the ascites is improved in 87% to 92% and the kidney function in 81%. In case of hypersplenism the thrombocytopenia is improved in 75% and leucopenia in 50% of patients. There are relatively fewcomplications during the procedure. Postoperative complications are more frequent due to stricture and obstruction of the shunt. After a two-year treatment the shunt is passable in 50% of patients. Thus, in a group of 29 patients, who were treated in the period of four years with an average monitoring period of two years, 22 patients (75,9%) are still alive and only 7died (24,1%). Six of dead patients suffered from alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver. In two cases the cause of death was not related to the TIPS and the cirrhosis of the liver. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.01.2024; Ogledov: 262; Prenosov: 54
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