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Na voljo sta dva načina iskanja: enostavno in napredno. Enostavno iskanje lahko zajema niz več besed iz naslova, povzetka, ključnih besed, celotnega besedila in avtorja, zaenkrat pa ne omogoča uporabe operatorjev iskanja. Napredno iskanje omogoča omejevanje števila rezultatov iskanja z vnosom iskalnih pojmov različnih kategorij v iskalna okna in uporabo logičnih operatorjev (IN, ALI ter IN NE). V rezultatih iskanja se izpišejo krajši zapisi podatkov o gradivu, ki vsebujejo različne povezave, ki omogočajo vpogled v podroben opis gradiva (povezava iz naslova) ali sprožijo novo iskanje (po avtorjih ali ključnih besedah).

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First-year dynamics of the anaerobic microbiome and archaeome in infants’ oral and gastrointestinal systems
Charlotte Neumann, Rokhsareh Mohammadzadeh, Pei Yee Woh, Tanja Kobal, Manuela-Raluca Pausan, Polona Mertelj, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Recent research provides new insights into the early establishment of the infant gut microbiome, emphasizing the influence of breastfeeding on the development of gastrointestinal microbiomes. In our study, we longitudinally examined the taxonomic and functional dynamics of the oral and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiomes of healthy infants ( n = 30) in their first year, focusing on the often-over-looked aspects, the development of archaeal and anaerobic microbiomes. Breastfed (BF) infants exhibit a more defined transitional phase in their oral microbiome compared to non-breastfed (NBF) infants, marked by a decrease in Streptococcus and the emergence of anaerobic genera such as Granulicatella . This phase, characterized by increased alpha-diversity and significant changes in beta-diversity, occurs earlier in NBF infants (months 1–3) than in BF infants (months 4–6), suggesting that breastfeeding supports later, more defined microbiome maturation. We demonstrated the presence of archaea in the infant oral cavity and GIT microbiome from early infancy, with Methanobrevibacter being the predominant genus. Still, transient patterns show that no stable archaeome is formed. The GIT microbiome exhibited gradual development, with BF infants showing increased diversity and complexity between the third and eighth months, marked by anaerobic microbial networks. NBF infants showed complex microbial co-occurrence patterns from the start. These strong differences between BF and NBF infants’ GIT microbiomes are less pronounced on functional levels than on taxonomic levels. Overall, the infant microbiome differentiates and stabilizes over the first year, with breastfeeding playing a crucial role in shaping anaerobic microbial networks and overall microbiome maturation.
Ključne besede: breastfeeding, infants, gut microbiome, GIT, oral microbiome, infant development, early life, metagenomics, anaerobes, archaea, strain tracking, source tracking
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Ogledov: 52; Prenosov: 35
.pdf Celotno besedilo (8,99 MB)
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56.
Proficiency testing and cross-laboratory method comparison to support standardisation of diatom DNA metabarcoding for freshwater biomonitoring
Valentin Vasselon, Sinziana F. Rivera, Éva Ács, Tina Eleršek, Maša Jablonska, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: DNA metabarcoding of benthic diatoms has been successfully applied for biomonitoring at the national scale and can now be considered technically ready for routine application. However, protocols and methods still vary between and within countries, limiting their transferability and the comparability of results. In order to overcome this, routine use of DNA metabarcoding for diatom biomonitoring requires knowledge of the sources of variability introduced by the different steps of the procedure. Here, we examine how elements of routine procedures contribute to variability between European laboratories. A set of four experiments were performed focusing on DNA extraction and PCR amplification steps to evaluate their reproducibility between different laboratories and the variability introduced by different protocols currently applied by the scientific community. Under the guidance of a reference laboratory, 17 participants from 14 countries performed DNA extraction and PCR amplification in parallel, using the same fixed protocol and their own choice of protocol. Experiments were performed by each participant on a set of standardised DNA and biofilm samples (river, lake and mock community) to investigate potential systematic and random errors. Our results revealed the successful transferability of a protocol amongst labs and a highly similar and consistent ecological assessment outcome obtained regardless of the protocols used by each participant. We propose an “all for one but prove them all” strategy, suggesting that distinct protocols can be used within the scientific community, as long as their consistency is be proven by following minimum standard requirements.
Ključne besede: cross-laboratory experiment, DNA-based approach, ecological status assessment, intercalibration, standardisation, environmental science, biomonitoring, DNA metabarcoding, benthic diatoms
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Ogledov: 54; Prenosov: 29
.pdf Celotno besedilo (5,97 MB)
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57.
A particle swarm optimisation-based decision-support tool for efficient sizing of hydrogen systems in hydropower plants
David Jure Jovan, Gregor Dolanc, Boštjan Pregelj, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: The integration of hydrogen technologies with renewable energy sources, such as hydropower, enhances the potential of green hydrogen production while maintaining electricity generation. This paper presents a method for optimally sizing a hydrogen system within a hydropower plant, enabling the cogeneration of green hydrogen and electricity. A decision-support tool based on particle swarm optimisation is developed to balance technical and economic factors, including hydrogen demand, water reserves, electrolyser efficiency, installation costs, and energy-market prices. The approach is applied to a case-study hydropower plant, utilising excess hydropower and photovoltaic electricity to produce hydrogen. The tool successfully optimises multiple objectives, such as income maximisation and hydrogen production targets, demonstrating its potential for integrating hydrogen systems into renewable energy frameworks. This work highlights a viable pathway for advancing the adoption of hydrogen technologies in sustainable energy systems
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.01.2025; Ogledov: 79; Prenosov: 22
.pdf Celotno besedilo (3,76 MB)

58.
Incorporation of recombinant proteins into extracellular vesicles by Lactococcus cremoris
Tina Vida Plavec, Kristina Žagar, Giulia Della Pelle, Špela Zupančič, Robert Vidmar, Aleš Berlec, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer particles released by various cellular organisms that carry an array of bioactive molecules. EVs have diagnostic potential, as they play a role in intercellular interspecies communication, and could be applied in drug delivery. In contrast to mammalian cell-derived EVs, the study of EVs from bacteria, particularly Gram-positive bacteria, received less research attention. This study aimed to investigate the production of EVs by lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus cremoris NZ9000 and to examine the impact of recombinant protein expression on their formation and protein content. Four different recombinant proteins were expressed in L. cremoris NZ9000, in different forms of expression and combinations, and the produced EVs were isolated using the standard ultracentrifugation method. The presence of vesicular structures (50–200 nm) in the samples was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and by flow cytometry using membrane-specific stain. Mass spectrometry analyses confirmed the presence of recombinant proteins in the EVs fraction, with amounts ranging from 13.17 to 100%, highlighting their significant incorporation into the vesicles, together with intrinsic L. cremoris NZ9000 proteins that were either more abundant in the cytoplasm (ribosomal proteins, metabolic enzymes) or present in the membrane. The presence of the most abundant lactococcal proteins in EVs fraction suggests that protein cargo-loading of EVs in L. cremoris NZ9000 is not regulated. However, our data suggests that L. cremoris NZ9000 genetically engineered to express recombinant proteins can produce EVs containing these proteins in scalable manner. As L. cremoris NZ9000 is considered safe bacterium, EVs from L. cremoris NZ9000 could have several advantages over EVs from other bacteria, implying possible biotechnological applications, e.g. in therapeutic protein delivery.
Ključne besede: Lactococcus cremoris, extracellular vesicles, recombinant proteins, delivery vehicle
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.01.2025; Ogledov: 73; Prenosov: 35
.pdf Celotno besedilo (4,38 MB)
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59.
Corrosion of household mixer heads
Jaka Burja, 2024, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Povzetek: Household appliances often utilize polymer-metal bonding, typically achieved through adhesive bonding or press-fitting techniques. Corrosion resistance is a major factor in household appliances, as corrosion can compromise the functionality and aesthetics of household appliances. Stainless steels are a natural choice. However, the nature of polymer-stainless steel bonds can cause susceptibility to crevice corrosion. Crevice corrosion, a localized attack on stainless steel in confined spaces. This study investigates crevice corrosion in mixer heads fabricated with two different grades of stainless steel (1.4016 and 1.4021). Metallographic analysis revealed a ferritic microstructure with higher chromium content for 1.4016, contributing to its superior corrosion resistance compared to the martensitic structure of 1.4021. Both materials exhibited a critical crevice width of 9-10 μm between the plastic head and the steel shaft, facilitating the entrapment of corrosive solutions (confirmed by EDS analysis) and subsequent crevice corrosion. The PREN (pitting resistance equivalent number) calculation further supported the observed behavior, with 1.4016 boasting a higher value (16-18) compared to 1.4021 (12-14). While PREN offers a valuable indicator, it highlights the importance of design considerations to minimize crevice formation. Here, eliminating the gap between plastic and steel through improved design or sealants emerges as a crucial preventive strategy. This study emphasizes the interplay between material selection and design in mitigating crevice corrosion in household appliances. By understanding the factors influencing corrosion susceptibility, manufacturers can optimize material choices and implement design solutions to ensure the longevity and performance of their products.
Ključne besede: crevice corrosion, stainless steel, mixer heads
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.01.2025; Ogledov: 72; Prenosov: 35
.pdf Celotno besedilo (597,77 KB)
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60.
Optimization of partial stainless steel melt oxidation in the EAF
Anže Bajželj, Jaka Burja, 2024, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Povzetek: Stainless steel production typically follows the duplex process, beginning with the electric arc furnace (EAF) and proceeding to the vacuum oxygen decarburizer (VOD) or argon oxygen decarburizer (AOD). The EAF's role is to melt the charge and heat it up for further processing, reducing tap-to-tap times through partial oxidation. However, this partial oxidation in the EAF leads to chromium losses as oxygen interacts with the high chromium steel melt. To address this issue, parameters affecting chromium burn-off have been identified and presented. A primary challenge in EAF steel production with elevated chromium content is to lower carbon levels while maximizing chromium yield in the melt. Unlike VOD and AOD processes, which permit low carbon and high chromium levels through vacuum or argon blowing, the EAF provides limited protection, mainly through silicon. At higher temperatures, carbon oxidation predominates, hence it is important to limit oxygen input into the system in the initial stages, while “protecting” the chromium with silicon. During the oxidation phase of the steel melt, carbon content decreases; however, attention must be paid to ensure that the concentration is not too low, as this increases chromium activity in the melt, leading to more intense oxidation. A practical model, derived from thermodynamic calculations, has been developed to guide carbon, chromium, and other element oxidation during scrap melting. This model, validated through industrial trials, aids in optimizing steel melt oxidation to minimize chromium losses effectively.
Ključne besede: EAF, stainless steel scrap, carbon oxidation, chromium oxidation, thermodynamics
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.01.2025; Ogledov: 74; Prenosov: 31
.pdf Celotno besedilo (706,28 KB)
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