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Ključne besede: trajnostno gradbeništvo, trajnostna gradnja, gradbeni materiali, tehnologije, energetska učinkovitost, zborniki, elektronske knjige
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2024; Ogledov: 299; Prenosov: 118
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Povzetek: Purpose. To evaluate the usefulness of expirium lateral decubitus views in theradiological diagnosis of small pleural effusions. Materials and methods. Patients referred to abdominal sonography for different reasons were routinelychecked for possible pleural effusion. From November 1994 till May 1996, 36 such patients were found to have pleural effusion not exceeding 15 mmand were included in the study. Patients were examined radiologically in erect PA and lateral projections and, after 5 min. in decubitus position, in inspiratory-expiratory lateral decubitus projections with 10 hip elevation andcentral beam on the lateral chest wall. Results. In 22 out of 36 patients (61 %), the pleural fluid was not visible on erect PA and lateral chest radiogram. However, the fluid was visible in 35/36 patients (97%) in expirium from lateral decubitus view. The average thickness of fluid from lateral decubitus views in inspirium and expirium was 4.3 and 7.9 mm, respectively. In31 out of 36 patients (86%), the thickness of the fluid layer as measured inexpirium and inspirium was different. In 16%, the fluid was not visible on inspirium lateral decubitus projections. Conclusions. Radiography turned out to be almost as sensitive as sonography in detection of small pleural effusions. Lateral decubitus views taken in expirium contributed essentially to the diagnostic sensitivity in our study.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2024; Ogledov: 231; Prenosov: 55
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Povzetek: Introduction. Despite the use of modern imaging techniques, the reliable preoperative assessment of Meckel's diverticulurn and related complications with this rare congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract in adults is uncomrnon. Case presentation. This report presents the case of a 25 year old man who presented with a sudden onset of pain in the right lower abdomen and vomiting. On clinical examination the affected area was tender to palpation which revealed an elastic cylindrical formation situated deeply in the abdomen. Blumberg's sign was positive while the laboratory findings were stillwithin normal limits. An ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed an ileocaecal fluid collection containing thicker residue, which was suspicious for Meckel's diverticulum or a duplication cyst and ileus of the small bowel proximally from the formation described. Native radiogram of the abdomen in supine position has confirmed the presence of obstructive ileus at the level of the distal part of the small bowel. Surgery revealed an ileus and compression of the distal part of the small bowel due to the presence of an edematous Meckel's diverticulum. Conclusion. In view of the frequent use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of acute ahdomen, the diagnostic procedures could be rationalized and the time to surgery reduced if possible complicatioris due to Meckel's diverticulum would he considered in the differential diagnosis.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2024; Ogledov: 220; Prenosov: 50
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Povzetek: Background. Serum creatinine and endogenous creatinine clearance (CrCl) are widely used measures of renal function before prescribing nephrotoxic chemotherapy. This study compares the precision and bias in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation without the need to collect urine by using Cockcroft-Gault formula on a single serum creatinine concentration (CrCo) and 131I- hippuran clearance (HC) determined from the renographic curves. Patientsand methods. Fourty-seven patients aged between 27 and 73 years were studied. In all patients, we determined serum creatinine concentration, CrCl, CrCo and HC simultaneously before treatment by combined chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and in 31 patients, before the third cycle. Serum and urine creatinine concentrations were determined with a Hitachi 911, an automated biochemical analyser CrCl was calculated from the urine flow, from the ratio between the serum and urine creatinine concentrations and was standardized forthe body surface area. Serum creatinine was used to estimate CrCo using a Cockcroft and Gault formula. HC was determined from 131I-hippuran uptake by both kidneys, results were compared to our Nuclear Medicine Department normal values with regard to the age of each patient. For the evaluation of results, Pearson's correlation coefficient and t-test with 95 % confidence interval were used. Results. The sensitivity of serum creatinine, CrCo and HC to predict CrCl<78 mL/min/1.73m2 was 41 %, 68% and 46% and specificity was 95%, 71 % and 76% respectively. Value of CoCr for prediction of reduced CrCl (sensitivity) was statistically significantly better than the HC (p=0.03). Value of CoCr fnr prediction of normal CrCl (specificity) was as good as HC (p=0.3). Conclusions. CrCl for the GFR estimation in the patients treated withnephrotoxic chemotherapy cannot be changed by CrCo and/or HC.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2024; Ogledov: 238; Prenosov: 60
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Povzetek: It has been reported that satisfactory thermal/epithermal neutron beams for Boron lVeutron Ćapturc, Therapy (BNCT) could be designed at TRIGA research reactors, which are generally perceived as being safe to install and operate in populated areas. This contribution presents the most recent research activities in this field at the Jožef Stefan Institute TRIGA reactor, where anepithermal neutron beam for BNCT is being developed. Experimental verification of Monte Carlo simulation results proves the quality and wide applicability of the developed 3-D model, particularly of the reactor core andirradiation channels. Due to high attenuation of the epithermal neutron flux (fi epi = 4.1x106 n/cmZs, two orders of magnitude belozu the therapeutic limit) the irradiation facility in the current stage of development is not appropriate for the clinical BNCT treatments. Furthermore, the contribution ofthe 2.5 mm airgap surrounding the facility is unacceptably high, thus makingthe relative gamma dose (Dy/fiepi) almost 60-times higher than therapeutically rcc- ommended. Nevertheless, using gamma shielding of Pb or Biand LiF or Li2C03 (thermal neutron cut-off, the quality of the epithermal neutron beam would be significantly upgraded and hecome appropriate fnr iii vitro studies of boron compound transport in malignant tumour cells or smallerlahoratory animals.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2024; Ogledov: 178; Prenosov: 41
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