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Povzetek: Amphibole asbestos is related to lung fibrosis and several types of lung tumors. The disease-triggering mechanisms still challenge our diagnostic capabilities and are still far from being fully understood. The literature focuses primarily on the role and formation of asbestos bodies in lung tissues, but there is a distinct lack of studies on amphibole particles that have been internalized by alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). These internalized particles may directly interact with the cell nucleus and the organelles, exerting a synergistic action with asbestos bodies (AB) from a different location. Here we document the near-atomic- to nano-scale transformations induced by, and taking place within, AECs of three distinct amphiboles (anthophyllite, grunerite, “amosite”) with different Fe-content and morphologic features. We show that: (i) an Fe-rich layer is formed on the internalized particles, (ii) particle grain boundaries are transformed abiotically by the internal chemical environment of AECs and/or by a biologically induced mineralization mechanism, (iii) the Fe-rich material produced on the particle surface does not contain large amounts of P, in stark contrast to extracellular ABs, and (iv) the iron in the Fe-rich layer is derived from the particle itself. Internalized particles and ABs follow two distinct formation mechanisms reaching different physicochemical end-states.
Ključne besede: amphiboles, human alveolar epithelial cells, asbestos, lung cancer, nanoscale investigation, acS/TEM-EDXS, dual-EELS, asbestos-related tumors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.07.2024; Ogledov: 11; Prenosov: 4
Celotno besedilo (4,53 MB)
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Povzetek: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the lung encompass neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) composed of typical (TC) and atypical (AC) carcinoids and full-fledged carcinomas (NECs) inclusive of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small cell carcinoma (SCLC). NETs and NECs are thought to represent distinct and separate lesions with neither molecular overlap nor common developmental continuum. Two perspectives were addressed regarding the morphologic and molecular classification of lung NENs: (i) a supervised approach by browsing the traditional classification, the relevant gene alterations, and their clinical implications; and (ii) an unsupervised approach, by reappraising neoplasms according to risk factors and natural history of disease to construct an interpretation model relied on biological data. We herein emphasize lights and shadows of the current classification of lung NENs and provide an alternative outlook on these tumors focused on what we currently know about the biological determinants and the natural history of disease.
Ključne besede: neuroendocrine tumors, lung neoplasms, carcinoma, lung tumors, morphologic classification, molecular classification
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.02.2021; Ogledov: 1314; Prenosov: 825
Celotno besedilo (2,60 MB)
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