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Povzetek: Diet of im­mature specimens of the Starry skate (Raja asterias) was investigated in three different parts of the northern Adriatic Sea. Decapod crabs were found to be the skate’s primary food source, followed by teleost fish and cephalopods. An ontogenetic shift in the diet towards teleost fish was observed. No significant differences were noted comparing the diet of 22 females and 63 males, 81 juveniles and 4 adults and different size groups. The prey species preferences were different for the specimens feeding on the Italian side of the northern Adriatic, but nonetheless decapods remained the preferred food source.
Ključne besede: starry skate, diet, feeding habits, northern Adriatic
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 91; Prenosov: 96
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Povzetek: The Collective Article on “New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records” offers the means to publish biodiversity records in the Med-iterranean Sea. The current article presents new biodiversity data information on 18 taxa (14 alien, 3 native and 1 cryptogenic species) belonging to 5 Phyla that are reported for 11 different countries listed according to their geographic position from the western to the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Algeria: the alien green alga Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla and the heterobranchs Aplysia dacty-lomeda and Aplysia punctata are first reported from the entire country. France: a new record of the alien hydroid Porpita porpita is reported from the Corsican Sea, representing the second record of the species in the western Mediterranean Sea. Tunisia: the alien fish Scatophagus argus is reported from the Gulf of Gabès, probably representing an aquarium release. Italy: the well-established Mediterranean alien bivalve Malleus regula is first reported from the entire country. Slovenia: the alien marine bivalve Xenostrobus securis is reported for the first time from the entire country. Croatia: the alien gastropod Biuve fulvipunctata is reported for the first time from the country but also from the entire Adriatic Sea. Montenegro: the alien bivalve Rapana venosa is reported for the first time from the Montenegrin waters. Albania: the well-established alien fish Lagocephalus sceleratus and the rare native shark Rhizoprionodon acutus are reported for the first from the entire country. Greece: the rare native ray Leucoraja circularis is reported for the first time from the Argolikos Gulf and for the first time for the entire country its identification is confirmed morphologically and molecularly; additional records of the alien nomad jellyfish Rhopilema nomadic document its expanding distribution, while the occurrence and the alien fishes Sillago suezensis and Pomadasys stridens are reported for the first time from Hellenic waters. Turkey: additional records of the Egyptian Prawn Metapenaeopsis aegyptia are reported with some biological information. Cyprus: the alien fish Variola louti is reported for the first time for the entire Mediterranean Sea, probably released from an aquarium, while the alien moon crab Matuta victor is reported for the first time from the entire country.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 94; Prenosov: 83
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Povzetek: The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) plays a key role in modulating muscle contraction,but the impact of short-term disuse on NMJ structure and function, particularly in older humans,remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate NMJ alterations following 10 days of horizontalbed rest in 10 older males (68.5 ± 2.6 years). Before and after bed rest, vastus lateralis musclebiopsies were obtained to evaluate NMJ morphology, intramuscular EMG (iEMG) was recordedto assess NMJ function and blood samples were collected to determine circulating C-terminal agrinfragment (CAF) concentration, a biomarker of NMJ remodelling. In a sub-cohort of six participantswho had NMJs in both pre- and post-bed rest biopsies, we observed altered NMJ morphology,including reduced overlap between NMJ terminals, as well as increased endplate area and peri-meter. CAF concentration was elevated after bed rest, suggesting ongoing NMJ remodelling. iEMGanalysis showed increased motor unit potential complexity and reduced firing rate. In addition,we observed impaired NMJ transmission, inferred from increased near-fibre jiggle and segmentjitter. These findings suggest that older male individuals are susceptible to NMJ remodelling andimpaired transmission with short-term disuse, providing valuable insights into the morphologicaland functional consequences of inactivity in an ageing population. Our study highlights theimportance of developing interventions for mitigating the detrimental consequences of inactivityon neuromuscular health in older adults, which they frequently experience following injury, trauma,illness or surgery.
Ključne besede: ageing, C-terminal agrin, fragment disuse, electromyography, motor unit, NMJ unloading
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 115; Prenosov: 150
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Povzetek: Ocean acidification (OA), the anthropogenic carbon dioxide-induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, is likely to have a significant impact on calcifying plankton. Most planktonic studies on OA are based on “one-off” cruises focused on offshore areas while observations from inshore waters are scarce. This study presents the first analysis on the shell integrity of pelagic gastropods (holoplanktonic pteropods and planktonic larvae of otherwise benthic species) at the Scottish Coastal Observatory monitoring site at Stonehaven on the east coast of Scotland. The shell integrity of archived pelagic gastropods specimens from 2011 to 2013 was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy and the relationship with OA (pH and aragonite saturation, Ωarg) and other environmental parameters was investigated. Evidence of shell dissolution was detected in all analysed taxa even though the seawater was supersaturated with respect to aragonite. The shell condition matched the temporal pattern observed in Ωarg, with higher proportion of dissolution associated with decreasing Ωarg, suggesting that the seasonality component of carbonate chemistry might affect the shell integrity of pelagic gastropods. The proportion of shell dissolution differed significantly between larvae and adult stages of pteropods, supporting the hypothesis that early-life stages would be more vulnerable to OA-induced changes. Our data also suggest that sensitivity to OA may differ even between closely related taxonomic groups. The strong interannual variability revealed by the year-to-year shell dissolution and Ωarg illustrates the difficulty in assessing the plankton response to OA in the field and the value of time series studies.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 84; Prenosov: 119
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Povzetek: A specially constructed enclosure in the lagoon environment (Lagoon of Strunjan, Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea) received sewage daily while another was kept clean and used as a reference. Nutrients and community production changes were monitored approximately bimonthly over a year. Nutrients introduced by the sewage discharges and diluted by tides were immobilized by enhanced community production, in particular benthic macroalgae. The dead organic matter afterwards settled and decomposed producing anoxic conditions and high levels of dissolved and suspended organic nutrients in the water and total nitrogen in the sediments. The daily mean gross community production showed no quantitative differences between the two enclosures during the study. Differences arose in the temporal succession of the studied events. An intensive nutrient recycling emerged from this study.
Ključne besede: carbon, lagoons, nutrients, northern Adriatic, oxygen, production (biology)
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 88; Prenosov: 123
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