Iskanje po repozitoriju

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Povzetek: The chemical industry is the leading sector in the EU in terms of added value. However, contaminants pose a major threat and significant costs to the environment and human health. While EU legislation and international conventions aim to reduce this threat, regulators struggle to assess and manage chemical risks, given the vast number of substances involved and the lack of data on exposure and hazards. The European Green Deal sets a ‘zero pollution ambition for a toxic free environment’ by 2050 and the EU Chemicals Strategy calls for increased monitoring of chemicals in the environment. Monitoring of contaminants in biota can, inter alia: provide regulators with early warning of bioaccumulation problems with chemicals of emerging concern; trigger risk assessment of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances; enable risk assessment of chemical mixtures in biota; enable risk assessment of mixtures; and enable assessment of the effectiveness of risk management measures and of chemicals regulations overall. A number of these purposes are to be addressed under the recently launched European Partnership for Risk Assessment of Chemicals (PARC). Apex predators are of particular value to biomonitoring. Securing sufficient data at European scale implies large-scale, long-term monitoring and a steady supply of large numbers of fresh apex predator tissue samples from across Europe. Natural science collections are very well-placed to supply these. Pan-European monitoring requires effective coordination among field organisations, collections and analytical laboratories for the flow of required specimens, processing and storage of specimens and tissue samples, contaminant analyses delivering pan-European data sets, and provision of specimen and population contextual data. Collections are well-placed to coordinate this. The COST Action European Raptor Biomonitoring Facility provides a well-developed model showing how this can work, integrating a European Raptor Biomonitoring Scheme, Specimen Bank and Sampling Programme. Simultaneously, the EU-funded LIFE APEX has demonstrated a range of regulatory applications using cutting-edge analytical techniques. PARC plans to make best use of such sampling and biomonitoring programmes. Collections are poised to play a critical role in supporting PARC objectives and thereby contribute to delivery of the EU’s zero-pollution ambition.
Ključne besede: zero pollution, biomonitoring, chemicals of emerging concern, Apex predator, raptor, marine mammal, otter
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.08.2024; Ogledov: 61; Prenosov: 32
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Povzetek: A study was conducted to investigate atmospheric deposition and to explore the natural distribution and possible contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the Prespa region, North Macedonia, using moss samples as biomonitors for air pollution. The distribution of 19 chemical elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, V, and Zn) was detected in 11 moss samples from this area. The moss samples were analysed after microwave digestion using inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). R-mode factor analysis was used to identify and characterise the elemental associations, and four associations of elements were identified. Four factors were separated from the group of elements: Factor 1 (Fe-Al-Cr-V-Ni), Factor 2 (Sr-Ba-Mg), Factor 3 (K-P-Zn) and Factor 4 (Pb-Cu). All element factors were found to be typical geochemical associations, with the exception of the distribution of K and P in the agricultural areas of the study area where fertilisers are used over a long period of time.
Ključne besede: moss biomonitoring, air pollution, potentially toxic elements, Prespa region, North Macedonia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 114
Celotno besedilo (1,80 MB)

Povzetek: V Šaleški dolini oziroma v okolici Termoelektrarne Šoštanj (TEŠ) smo določili vsebnosti svinca in fl uoridov v zgodovinski seriji 129 rogovij srnjakov, uplenjenih v obdobju 1961-2004. Najvišje vsebnosti obeh onesnažil smo izmeriliv vzorcih iz sredine prejšnjega stoletja (Pb: ? = 4,21 } 2,57 mg/kg, max = 7,28 mg/kg; F-: ? = 1453 } 113 mg/kg, max = 2590 mg/kg), najnižje pa vtistih iz obdobja 2000-2004 (Pb: ? = 0,58 } 0,11 mg/kg, min = 0,15 mg/kg; F-: ? = 500 } 113 mg/kg, min = 110 mg/kg). Onesnaženost okolja z anorganskimionesnažili je v preučevanem območju v zadnjih desetletjih kontinuirano upadala, kar potrjuje učinkovitost ukrepov za zmanjševanje onesnaževanja okolja (postavitev in rekonstrukcija daljinskega toplovodnega sistema ogrevanja, prehod na neosvinčen bencin, postavitev naprav za razžveplanje dimnih plinov TEŠ). Ugotovljena visoko značilna soodvisnost med letnimi emisijami anorganskih onesnažil iz TEŠ in povprečnimi letnimi vsebnostmi Pb oziroma F- v rogovju srnjakov kaže, da vsebnosti obeh onesnažil v rogovju odlično odsevajo upad emisij iz TEŠ, posledično pa potrjujejo tudi uspešnost sanacijskih ukrepov, opravljenih na njej.Key words: srnjad, rogovje,retrospektivni biomonitoring, onesnaženost okolja, svinec, fluoridi, Šaleška dolina, Termoelektrarna Šoštanj.
Ključne besede: srnjad, rogovje, retrospektivni biomonitoring, onesnaženost okolja, fluoridi, Šaleška dolina, Termoelektrarna Šoštanj
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4531; Prenosov: 1805
Celotno besedilo (4,90 MB)

Povzetek: We monitored trace metals and nitrogen using naturally growing moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. in urban and peri-urban forests of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in atmospheric deposition of trace metals and nitrogen between urban and peri-urban forests. Samples were collected at a total of 44 sites in urban forests (forests within the motorway ring road) and peri-urban forests (forests outside the motorway ring road). Mosses collected in urban forests showed increased trace metal concentrations compared to samples collected from peri-urban forests. Higher values were significant for As, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl and V. Within the motorway ring road, the notable differences in element concentrations between the two urban forests were significant for Cr, Ni and Mo. Factor analysis showed three groups of elements, highlighting the contribution of traffic emissions, individual heating appliances and the resuspension of contaminated soils and dust as the main sources of trace elements in urban forests.
Ključne besede: heavy metals, biomonitoring, Ljubljana, ICP-MS, elemental analysis, factor analysis, traffic emissions
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 3322; Prenosov: 1273
Celotno besedilo (2,38 MB)
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