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1662. Tree-ring formation dynamics in Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea in a dry and a wet yearRadosław Puchałka, Peter Prislan, Marcin Miroslav Klisz, M. Koprowski, Jožica Gričar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: European beech Fagus sylvatica and Sessile oak Quercus petraea are reaching the north-eastern limits of their natural ranges in northern Poland. According to the projected changes in potential ranges in this region, climatic conditions for both species until 2080 will remain stable. On the other hand, a decrease in the vitality of mature trees and a reduction in their radial growth are currently observed. To understand these contradictory findings, we monitored the cambial activity in both species during two vegetation seasons. 2015 was characterized by a negative water balance, while 2017 was wet. This provided an opportunity to compare how the xylogenesis proceeds in diffuse-porous beech and ring-porous oak during contrasting in the summer precipitation seasons. The forming annual increments were sampled with Presler borer at variable time intervals depending on the leaf phenological phases. The cores were prepared using a sledge microtome and double-stained with safranin and astra blue. Observations of the phases of wood formation and measurements of the width of the forming increments were analysed on the microslide digital images. Differences in the dates of the phenological phases were analysed using Two-Way ANOVA, while the dynamics of the formation of annual increments were fitted to the Single and Double Gompertz function for beech and oak, respectively. The beginning of vessel formation started earlier in both seasons compared to previous studies. Inter-seasonal differences in the duration of spring phenological phases were insignificant for both species, while inter-species differences were significant due to physiological diversity between diffuse-porous beech and ring-porous oak. In dry 2015, cambial activity ceased sooner in both species than in 2017. Differences between oak and beech were insignificant in both years, but statistically significant disparities existed within each species due to varying in precipitation seasons. Rainfall significantly elongated the duration of cambial activity and caused wider tree-rings. According to our study, despite predicted maintaining their climatic niche, both species, situated at the north-eastern cooler range boundary, are expected to produce wood at a lower rate due to the projected warmer central European climate with increased heatwaves and summer droughts.
Ključne besede: climate change, meteorological extremes, wood formation, summer drought, xylogenesis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 415; Prenosov: 312
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1663. School belongingness and family support as predictors of school bullying perpetration and victimization in adolescents : are relations the same for students with an immigrant background?Katja Košir, Martina Zakšek, Ana Kozina, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The aim of the study was to examine school belongingness and family support as predictors of bullying behavior and victimization, and the moderating role of students’ gender and immigrant background in a large representative sample of Slovenian adolescents (N = 1925; 42.50% male). The results indicated that school belongingness significantly predicted both bullying and victimization. Family support did not contribute to the incremental validity beyond school belongingness in predicting victimization. Gender was found to moderate the relationship between school belongingness and both bullying outcomes. The relationship between school belongingness and victimization was stronger for students with an immigrant background.
Ključne besede: bullying, victimization, school belongingness, family support, immigrant background, adolescents
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 368; Prenosov: 245
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1664. Interpelacija učencev in učenk v nosilce človekovih pravic : retorična analiza učne pripraveLucija Zala Bezlaj, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: V pričujočem članku s pomočjo diskurzivne analize primera učne priprave ugotavljam, na kakšen način so učenci in učenke interpelirani v zamišljeno skupnost nosilcev in nosilk človekovih pravic. Ideološki proces interpelacije je mogoče spremljati skozi rabo jezika, ki je mesto in orodje izvajanja pedagoške prakse. Za analizo tega je uporabljena retorična metoda, izhajajoča iz Aristotelovega retoričnega aparata, s katero so analizirani trije različni momenti interpelacije skozi diskurz – vzpostavitev sentimentalne podobe »univerzalne skupnosti«, vzpostavljanje ločnice do časovno in prostorsko oddaljenih družb, ki domnevno kršijo človekove pravice, ter »samostojno« izrekanje obsodbe kršenja pravic. Z analizo procesov interpelacije skozi jezikovno rabo v pedagoškem procesu so obenem prikazani nepredvideni, neeksplicitni in pogosto kontradiktorni učinki te rabe, skozi katere se nakazuje razpoka, inherentna sami ideologiji človekovih pravic, ki s sklicevanjem na univerzalnost vzpostavlja in reproducira specifične načine izključevanja.
Ključne besede: interpelacija, človekove pravice, učna priprava, diskurzivna analiza, retorika
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 271; Prenosov: 150
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1665. Reforma predšolske vzgoje v vrtcu? Da, v smeri večje pravičnosti in višje kakovosti za vse malčke in otrokeLjubica Marjanovič Umek, Janja Bogataj, Jana Flego, Andreja Hočevar, Branka Kovaček, Alenka Močnik, Sonja Rutar, Urška Fekonja, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Ključna naloga predšolske vzgoje v vrtcu je zagotoviti vsem malčkom in otrokom možnosti za celovit razvoj, njihovi starosti primerno učenje, dobro počutje, vključenost in varnost. Številne tuje in domače raziskave potrjujejo pomemben pozitiven (kompenzatoren) učinek vrtca na različna področja razvoja malčkov in otrok ter hkrati poudarjajo pomen kakovosti vrtca tako na strukturni kot tudi na posredni in procesni ravni. V prispevku so predstavljene ugotovitve kvalitativne študije, v kateri smo v osmih slovenskih vrtcih, ki so bili izbrani glede na različne kriterije (npr. geografsko lego, velikost, dvojezično okolje) v fokusnih skupinah z vodstvenimi, strokovnimi in svetovalnimi delavci in delavkami ter starši opredelile izzive, s katerimi se spoprijemajo vrtci v današnjem času. Analiza odgovorov, zbranih v fokusnih skupinah, je pokazala, da so prevladujoči prepoznani izzivi v vrtcih neustrezni normativi, ki določajo število otrok v oddelkih 1. in 2. starostne skupine in prostorske pogoje; delo z otroki s posebnimi potrebami, otroki, katerih prvi jezik ni slovenščina, ter romskimi otroki; dejavnosti kurikuluma ter prehod iz vrtca v šolo. Izhajajoč iz razvojnopsiholoških teorij, sodobnih raziskav na področju spodbujanja zgodnjega razvoja in učenja otrok ter primerjalnih študij, smo oblikovale možne rešitve opredeljenih izzivov, ki stremijo k zagotavljanju večje pravičnosti in višje kakovosti za vse malčke in otroke, vključene v vrtec.
Ključne besede: predšolska vzgoja, vrtci, kurikulum, reforme
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 279; Prenosov: 118
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1666. Stakeholders' views on the global guidelines for the sustainableuse of non-native treesAna Novoa, Giovanni Vimercati, Giuseppe Brundu, David M. Richardson, Urs Schaffner, Antonio Brunori, Thomas Campagnaro, Susan Canavan, Laura Celesti-Grapow, Michele de Sá Dechoum, Marjana Westergren, 2025, zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov Povzetek: A large number of non-native trees (NNTs) have been introduced globally and widely planted, contributing significantly to the world's economy. Although some of these species present a limited risk of spreading beyond their planting sites, a growing number of NNTs are spreading and becoming invasive, leading to diverse negative impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and human well-being. To help minimize the negative impacts and maximize the economic benefits of NNTs, Brundu et al. developed eight guidelines for the sustainable use of NNTs globally—the Global Guidelines for the Use of NNTs (GG-NNTs). We used an online survey to assess perceptions of key stakeholders towards NNTs and explore their knowledge of and compliance with the GG-NNTs. This dataset includes the results of such a questionnaire.
Ključne besede: agroforestry, alien species, forestry, invasion risk, online survey, ornamental trees, perceptions, stakeholder engagement, sustainability, tree invasions
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 377; Prenosov: 308
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1667. Participacija otrok pri načrtovanju dejavnosti v predšolski vzgoji in izobraževanjuSonja Rutar, Blaž Simčič, Alja Smolčič, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Participacija otrok pri odločanju v zanje pomembnih zadevah je v zadnjih desetletjih postala ena izmed osrednjih tem pedagoških razprav tudi na področju predšolske vzgoje. Čeprav Konvencija o otrokovih pravicah (1989) obvezuje države podpisnice, da zagotovijo otroku možnost svobodnega izražanja mnenj o vseh zadevah v zvezi z njim, je interpretacija otrokovih mnenj že v konvenciji prejudicirana z upoštevanjem otrokove starosti in zrelosti. V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate raziskave, v kateri smo proučevali povezanost stališč vzgojiteljic do participacije otrok z načini participacije otrok pri načrtovanju dejavnosti v vrtcih ter preverjali vključenost otrok v načrtovanje glede na prvo in drugo starostno obdobje, delovno dobo vzgojiteljic, njihovo usposabljanje ter lastno proučevanje participacije otrok. Rezultati kažejo, da se participacija otrok pri načrtovanju v predšolski vzgoji povezuje s stališči vzgojiteljic do participacije otrok, delovno dobo vzgojiteljic, starostjo otrok in predvsem s samoiniciativnim pridobivanjem znanja na področju participacije otrok v vrtcu.
Ključne besede: otrokove pravice, predšolska pedagogika, participacija v vzgoji, vzgojitelj predšolskih otrok
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 339; Prenosov: 140
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1668. |
1669. The role of higher education and civic involvement in converting young adults’ social responsibility to prosocial behaviorNikša Alfirević, Maja Arslanagić-Kalajdžić, Žan Lep, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This study investigates the indirect mechanisms relevant to converting young adults’ prosocial attitudes and individual responsibility into their prosocial behavior. Our results are based on a sample of 530 young adults studying at three public regional business schools in South East Europe. They show a signifcant favorable infuence on young adults’ civic and political involvement, mediating the relationship between individual responsibility attitudes and prosocial behavior. However, this would not have been expected based on previous research. Another indirect path between the same variables is modeled using a hypothesized moderated mediation efect. The institutional infuence of higher education proves to be a signifcant mediator of the proposed relationship, moderated by the amount of educational content in the felds of ethics, social and environmental responsibility. At midand-high levels of exposure to relevant educational content, this indirect path signifcantly infuences the developing young adults’ pro-environmental behaviors. The study results are discussed from the viewpoint of peripheral regions with a history of dysfunctional social capital mechanisms.
Ključne besede: education, higher education, young adults, generation Z, civic involvement, prosocial behaviour
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 337; Prenosov: 213
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1670. Psychometric properties of the Slovenian adaptation of Zuckerman-Kuhlman Cross-Cultural 50 item personality questionnaire (ZKPQ-50-CC) in a sample of emerging adultsTimotej Glavač, Žan Lep, Maja Zupančič, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The aim of the present study was to validate the Slovenian version of the ZKPQ-50-CC (Aluja et al., 2006). The ZKPQ-50- CC is a shortened, cross-culturally validated version of the Zuckerman Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ; Zuckerman et al., 1988), based on an alternative five-factor model of personality. Our sample included 2138 emerging adults (1534 females; Mage = 21.28 years; SD = 3.62) who filled in both the ZKPQ-50-CC and the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John et al., 1991). The results of a confirmatory factor analysis showed similarities to those of the original validation study across four European countries (Aluja et al., 2006). To improve upon the psychometric properties of the ZKPQ-50-CC scales, however, we removed six items with low factor loadings (below .30), resulting in the ZKPQ-44-CC. The five factors (Impulsive Sensation Seeking, Neuroticism-Anxiety, Aggression-Hostility, Activity, and Sociability) of the adjusted instrument suggested acceptable internal reliability, as well as satisfactory convergent and divergent validity against the BFI factors. We also determined relatively high levels of temporal stability (measurements two years apart) of the alternative five factors in a smaller follow-up sample (n = 168). Despite several drawbacks, we consider the ZKPQ-44-CC appropriate for psychological research in Slovenia.
Ključne besede: Zuckerman’s alternative five-factor personality model, the ZKPQ-50-CC, Slovenian validation, validity, internal reliability, temporal stability, Zuckerman-Kuhlman Cross-Cultural 50 item personality questionnaire ZKPQ-50-CC, test validity, psychometrics, test reliability
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2025; Ogledov: 313; Prenosov: 199
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