101. Effect of universal antibiotic prophylaxis on prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean sectionAnja Čopi Jerman, Janja Zver, Miha Lučovnik, Samo Jeverica, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background/Objectives: Cesarean section (CS) is among the most common surgical procedures worldwide and is associated with a markedly increased risk of postpartum infection, including surgical site infection (SSI). International guidelines recommend routine prophylaxis for all CSs, but in Slovenia, it has traditionally been reserved for high-risk procedures, with limited SSI surveillance data. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of SSI within 30 days after CS and to evaluate the impact of universal prophylaxis implemented in a regional secondary care teaching hospital. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study including all CS performed during 2023 (risk-based-only prophylaxis) and 2024 (universal prophylaxis) at Izola General Hospital, Slovenia. SSI was defined according to ECDC criteria and identified from inpatient and outpatient records up to 30 days postoperatively. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between prophylaxis, clinical variables, and SSI. Results: Among 1055 deliveries (208 CS; 99 in 2023, 109 in 2024), the rate of antimicrobial prophylaxis increased from 58.6% to 89.0% (p < 0.001). The overall 30-day SSI incidence was 7.2%, with no significant difference between the pre- and post-implementation periods (8.1% vs. 6.4%, p = 0.644). Most infections (86.7%) were diagnosed after discharge and were superficial incisional SSI (60%). In multivariable analysis, prophylaxis was independently protective (adjusted OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.58; p = 0.009), while prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) and higher maternal weight significantly increased SSI risk. Conclusions: Antibiotic prophylaxis was independently associated with a reduced risk of SSI following SC; however, the absolute infection rate did not decline significantly and remained moderate after implementation. PROM and higher maternal weight were additional independent risk factors. These findings support universal prophylaxis with optimization for high-risk women and ongoing hospital and national surveillance to improve CS safety.
Ključne besede: cesarean section, surgical site infection, hospital acquired infections, antibiotic prophylaxis, epidemiology, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 49
 Celotno besedilo (199,93 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
102. The incidence of IgG4-related disease in Slovenia : single-centre experienceAlojzija Hočevar, Aleš Grošelj, Gregor Hawlina, Matic Koželj, Andrej Škoberne, Jože Pižem, Vesna Jurčić, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: Data on the incidence of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) are scarce. Our aim was to determine the incidence of IgG4-RD in a well-defined region. Methods: This retrospective study covered the Ljubljana region over the period from January 2012 to December 2024. A review of cases diagnosed with IgG4-RD was performed at several departments of the University Medical Centre Ljubljana—an integrated secondary/tertiary university teaching hospital (rheumatology, nephrology, angiology, gastroenterology, abdominal surgery, ENT surgery, ophthalmology). While IgG4-RD cases at the Department of Rheumatology were collected prospectively, potential cases at other departments were retrieved by searching electronic medical database for the keyword “IgG4”. In addition, the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, provided a list of patients with histological features consistent with IgG4-RD. Year-specific incidence rates and an average incidence rate over the 13-year period were determined. Clinical features of patients were analysed. Results: During the observation period, 58 cases of IgG4-RD were diagnosed. Of these, 35 patients were residents of the Ljubljana region, which had an average adult population of 541,600. The estimated average annual incidence rate of IgG4-RD was 5.0 per million (95% confidence interval: 3.5; 6.9), with year-specific incidence rates fluctuating between 1.8 and 9.3 per million adults. The cases were stratified into four phenotypic categories: pancreato-hepato-biliary (17%), retroperitoneal fibrosis-aortitis (43%), head and neck-limited (14%), and Mikulicz syndrome with systemic involvement (26%). Conclusions: The average annual incidence rate of IgG4-RD was 5 per million adults, with the retroperitoneal fibrosis-aortitis phenotype predominating in our cohort.
Ključne besede: IgG4-related disease, epidemiology, demographic, incidence rate
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 46
Celotno besedilo (474,84 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
103. Coenzyme Q10 contents in foods and fortification strategiesIgor Pravst, Katja Žmitek, Janko Žmitek, 2010, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an effective natural antioxidant with a fundamental role in cellular bioenergetics and numerous known health benefits. Reports of its natural occurrence in various food items are comprehensively reviewed and critically evaluated. Meat, fish, nuts and some oils are the richest nutritional sources of CoQ10, while much lower levels can be found in most dairy products, vegetables, fruits and cereals. Large variations of CoQ10 content in some foods and food products of different geographical origin have been found. The average dietary intake of CoQ10 is only 3-6 mg, with about half of it being in the reduced form. The intake can be significantly increased by the fortification of food products but, due to its lipophilicity,until recently this goal was not easily achievable particularly with low-fat, water-based products. Forms of CoQ10 with increased water-solubility or dispersibility have been developed for this purpose, allowing the fortification of aqueous products, and exhibiting improved bioavailability; progress in this area is described briefly. Two main fortification strategies are presented and illustrated with examples, namely the addition of CoQ10 to food during processing and the addition of this compound to the environment in which primary food products are being formed (i.e. animal feed).
Ključne besede: coenzyme Q10, CoQ10, fortification, antioxidants, Q10 vital, functional food, ubiquinol, hrana
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 132; Prenosov: 114
Celotno besedilo (1,07 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
104. Evaluation of methylene blue solution distribution in the four-point transversus abdominis plane block technique in pigs : a pilot anatomical studyJerneja Sredenšek, Jana Brankovič, Urša Lampreht Tratar, Maja Čemažar, Mihajlo Djokić, Alenka Seliškar, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Aim: This prospective pilot anatomical study aimed to develop an ultrasoundguided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block technique that desensitises cranial and mid-abdominal wall in grower pigs. We hypothesised that a fourpoint TAP approach would be more efficient than a three-point TAP in staining relevant nerves of the cranial and mid-abdominal wall. Methods: In phase I, the ultrasound anatomy of the abdominal wall musculature was examined on three pig cadavers (two piglets and one fattening pig) and the ultrasound localization of the needle in the corresponding interfascial plane was practised. In phase II, a three-point TAP injection was performed in three freshly euthanized cadavers of grower pigs. A 1% methylene blue solution (0.3 mL/ kg per injection point) was injected between the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscle. In phase III, methylene blue solution was injected at four points (0.2 mL/kg per injection point) in four anaesthetized grower pigs prior to euthanasia. Positive nerve staining was defined as continuous staining of at least 1 cm of the nerve length. Binary variables (positive/negative) were used for nerve staining assessment. Results: The four-point TAP technique with a lower injection volume stained more nerves than the three-point technique with a higher injection volume, i.e., 69% of the observed nerves from the eighth-last thoracic to the third lumbar nerve were stained with the four-point TAP technique. The nerves in the centre were stained with a higher success rate, while the eighth-last thoracic and the second lumbar nerve were stained with less success (1/8 and 3/8, respectively). The third lumbar nerve was not stained. Conclusion: The four-point TAP technique could be used as part of a multimodal analgesia approach for cranial and mid-abdominal surgery in pigs, but live animal studies are needed to evaluate the clinical applicability and efficacy of desensitisation.
Ključne besede: abdominal surgery, cadaveric anatomical study, pig, regional anaesthesia, transversus abdominis plane block, methylene blue
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 47
Celotno besedilo (3,63 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
105. Jara kača delavskega soupravljanja v slovenskih bankahBarbara Rajgelj, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Avtorica analizira slovensko poosamosvojitveno zakonodajo in ustavne odločbe na področju sodelovanja delavcev pri upravljanju v upravljalnih organih bank. Medtem ko je splošna ureditev soupravljanja za delavce tudi primerjalno gledano na relativno visokem nivoju, so bili v zadnjih 30 letih zaradi zakonskih omejitev delavci od soodločanja v organih bank glavnino časa v celoti ali delno izključeni. Enako obravnavo delavcev v bančnem in drugih sektorjih prinaša več pomembnih odločitev Ustavnega sodišča, zadnja takšna je odločba št. U-I-186/21 z dne 18.12.2024, s katero je sodišče razveljavilo zakonsko ureditev, ki je omogočala sodelovanje delavcev v organih nadzora bank, izključevala pa je sodelovanje v organih vodenja.
Ključne besede: delavsko soupravljanje, delavsko soodločanje, korporativno upravljanje, bančništvo
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 99; Prenosov: 36
Celotno besedilo (210,76 KB) |
106. Glucometabolic efficacy of the empagliflozin/metformin combination in people with type 1 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk : a sub-analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trialMiodrag Janić, Andrej Janež, Mišo Šabovič, Mohamed El-Tanani, Imran Rangraze, Manfredi Rizzo, Mojca Lunder, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background/Objectives: People with type 1 diabetes have an unmet need for cardiovascular protection due to the lack of new recommended antidiabetic therapies with cardiovascular benefits. We examined whether the addition of an empagliflozin/metformin combination, and each drug alone, can complement insulin to improve glucometabolic parameters in overweight people with type 1 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: This pilot, single-center double-blind randomized controlled trial included 40 people with type 1 diabetes. In addition to insulin, they received empagliflozin (25 mg daily), metformin (2000 mg daily), an empagliflozin/metformin combination, or a placebo. The intervention period was 12 weeks. Glycemic parameters, insulin requirements, and blood and urine samples were analyzed. Indices for liver fibrosis were calculated. Due to potential safety concerns, participants regularly measured blood ketone values. Results: The empagliflozin/metformin combination decreased HbA1c (−0.6%, p < 0.05) and weight (−6.1 kg, p < 0.05). Empagliflozin decreased the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (−31.4 ± 4.9%, p = 0.002). The empagliflozin/metformin combination and empagliflozin decreased the estimated daily proteinuria (−34.6 ± 5.0%, p = 0.006 and −35.9 ± 6.2%, p = 0.03, respectively), the calculated FIB-4 (up to −17.8 ± 5.2%, p = 0.04 and −10.7 ± 3.7%, p = 0.02, respectively), and other liver fibrosis indices and uric acid values. No significant side effects occurred during the study. Conclusions: The empagliflozin/metformin combination improved glycemic control, reduced weight and insulin requirements, and produced several additional beneficial metabolic effects in overweight people with type 1 diabetes with increased cardiovascular risk.
Ključne besede: type 1 diabetes, empagliflozin/metformin combination, glycemic control
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 91; Prenosov: 43
Celotno besedilo (1,65 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
107. ACE gene and male infertility : a South Slavic case-control study and multi-omics data integrationTanja Kunej, Rebeka Podgrajšek, Helena Jaklič, Alenka Hodžić, Martin Štimpfel, Olivera Miljanović, Momčilo Ristanović, Ivana Novaković, Dijana Plašeska Karanfilska, Predrag Noveski, Saša Ostojić, Alena Buretić-Tomljanović, Antun Gršković, Borut Peterlin, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are expressed in both female and male reproductive tracts, with angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) being an important component for male reproductive function, as shown in animal models. The most studied ACE polymorphism is the Alu insertion-deletion (I/D), which has been proposed to have a negative effect on male fertility. Given the conflicting evidence in the literature, we conducted a multicentric case-control study to investigate the association between the ACE Alu I/D polymorphism and impaired spermatogenesis. Using PCR amplification and agarose electrophoresis, we genotyped the ACE gene Alu I/D polymorphism in 745 South Slavic men. The study group consisted of 457 patients with impaired spermatogenesis, 239 with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and 218 with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and a control group of 288 fertile men. No association was found between the Alu I/D polymorphism and these semen phenotypes, suggesting that it is not associated with NOA or severe OAT in this cohort. To provide a broader regulatory context, we also developed an integrative atlas of ACE regulatory elements by in silico multi-omics analysis using genomics databases and bioinformatics tools. Data integration revealed various regulatory mechanisms at multiple omics levels, including genomics, epigenomics, miRNAomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and epiproteomics. These include genomic variants with predicted deleterious effects, a CpG island, microRNAs (miRNAs) and post-translational modifications (PTMs). In addition, protein interaction analysis revealed that ACE is indirectly linked to several proteins previously associated with male infertility and is also targeted by miRNA previously associated with oligozoospermia. This comprehensive, multi-faceted approach, combining genetic association analysis with bioinformatics, provides insights into ACE regulation in its broader molecular context. These results emphasize the importance of further integrative multi-omics and systems biology research to better understand the role of ACE in male reproductive function.
Ključne besede: angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE), male infertility, azoospermia, oligozoospermia, multi-omics
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 86; Prenosov: 35
Celotno besedilo (2,74 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
108. Risking public health by approving some health claims? : The case of phosphorusIgor Pravst, 2011, drugi znanstveni članki Povzetek: There is a well-established consensus on the many biological functions of essential nutrients, and related general function health claims will be soon authorised in the European Union. Such claims about the role of nutrients in the body`s growth, development and functioning could provide a powerful marketing tool and signi?cant increase in the consumption of specific food products. Even though these claims are scientifically substantiated, there are both health and ethical concerns about whether such claims should be allowed where the intake of these nutrients easily exceeds the recommendations and a bigger intake might have adverse affects. The case of phosphorus and its role in the maintenance of normal bone is discussed.
Ključne besede: health claims, consumer protection, essential nutrients, adverse effects
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 83; Prenosov: 42
Celotno besedilo (376,66 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
109. |
110. |
