Iskanje po repozitoriju

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Povzetek: Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Though largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and regulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to major biogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water. They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contributions often go unrecognized, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists, practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contribute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively, lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we provide examples of the main services to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. We believe this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples and targeted metaphors to more effectively communicate the importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.
Ključne besede: cultural heritage, ecotourism, sustainability, geothermal energy, biotechnology, food production, drinking water, nature value, hypogean, groundwater
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 452; Prenosov: 321
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Ključne besede: allergies, immunotherapy, allergens, adverse events, registries
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 370; Prenosov: 229
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Povzetek: Understanding the risk factors leading to severe systemic sting reactions (SSRs) is crucial for initiating venom immunotherapy (VIT) and for educating affected individuals and their families. Some of these risk factors are well established, some are no longer considered risk factors, and some remain controversial. Well-established risk factors for severe SSRs include clonal mast cell disease, high baseline serum tryptase, and advanced age. The absence of skin symptoms and the rapid onset of symptoms are indicators of severe SSRs. Recent publications indicate that antihypertensive treatment and stings in the head and neck area are not risk factors for severe SSRs. VIT is the only available treatment that can potentially prevent further anaphylactic reactions. Although rare and generally manageable, individuals undergoing VIT may experience systemic adverse events (sAEs). More sAEs are expected in patients undergoing bee VIT compared with vespid VIT. The role of elevated baseline serum tryptase as a risk factor for sAEs remains debated, but if it is a factor, the risk is increased by only about 1.5-fold. Rapid updosing protocols, depending on the specific regimen, can also be associated with more sAEs. Severe initial SSRs, antihypertensive medication, high skin test reactivity, and high specific IgE levels are not risk factors for sAEs.
Ključne besede: immunology, anaphylaxis, Hymenoptera venom allergy, risk factors, severe systemic sting reactions, side effects, venom immunotherapy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 460; Prenosov: 372
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Povzetek: Protein–peptide interactions are an essential player in cellular processes and, thus, of great interest as potential therapeutic agents. However, identifying the protein’s interacting surface has been shown to be a challenging task. Here, we present a methodology for protein–peptide interaction identification, implementing phage panning, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. One of the uses of this methodology is identification of allergen epitopes, especially suitable for globular inhaled and venom allergens, where their binding capability is determined by the allergen’s conformation, meaning their interaction cannot be properly studied when denatured. A Ph.D. commercial system based on the M13 phage vector was used for the panning process. Utilization of various bioinformatic tools, such as PuLSE, SAROTUP, MEME, Hammock and Pepitope, allowed us to evaluate a large amount of obtained data. Using the described methodology, we identified three peptide clusters representing potential epitopes on the major wasp venom allergen Ves v 5.
Ključne besede: phage panning, next-generation sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, allergen Ves v 5, epitopes
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 398; Prenosov: 377
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Povzetek: The integration of DNA and protein-designed nanostructures represents a transformative approach to the development of programmable biopolymers for nanoscale construction. While DNA nanostructures excel in the readily programmable precision and scalability of base pairing, protein assemblies exploit the chemical diversity of amino acids for greater functional versatility. Here a platform is presented that unifies these two paradigms by combining coiled-coil protein origami with DNA nanostructures through orthogonal protein-protein (SpyCatcher-SpyTag) and protein-DNA (DCV-DNA) covalent conjugation strategies. This dual-functionalization strategy enables the construction of stable and versatile protein-DNA composites capable of hierarchical self-assembly. This shows that these composites drive the transformation of DNA nanotubes into large-scale, patterned nanofibers or nanorods, with the proteins regularly distributed over their surface and retaining their enzymatic and fluorescent functions. In addition, a DNA-luciferase circuit is developed through split enzyme reconstitution to achieve reversible regulation of enzymatic activity, highlighting the dynamic functionality of these composites. This introduces a modular approach to producing multifunctional bio-nanomaterials, highlighting the potential of protein-DNA composite nanostructures as a bridge between molecular design and functional nanomaterials and paves the way for the development of dynamic bio-devices and programmable biomaterials.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 520; Prenosov: 252
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