1. The prevalence of occult ovarian cancer in the series of 155 consequently operated high risk asymptomatic patients : Slovenian population based studyAndreja Gornjec, Sebastjan Merlo, Srdjan Novaković, Vida Stegel, Barbara Gazić, Andraž Perhavec, Ana Blatnik, Mateja Krajc, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: We assessed the prevalence, localization, type and outcome of occult cancer at risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy or salpingectomy (RRSO) in asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants and high-risk BRCA1/2 negative women. Patients and methods. A retrospective analysis of all consecutive gynaecologic preventive surgeries from January 2009 to December 2015 was performed. Participants underwent genetic counselling and BRCA1/2 testing before the procedure. Data on clinical parameters, adjuvant treatment and follow-up were collected and analysed. Results. One hundred and fifty-five RRSO were performed in 110 BRCA1, 35 BRCA2 carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and 10 high-risk BRCA1/2 negative women, at the mean age of 48.3 years. Nine occult cancers (9/155, 5.8%) were identified; eight in BRCA1 positive women and one in high-risk BRCA1/2 negative woman. We identified four non-invasive serous intraepithelial tubal carcinomas (3 in BRCA1 carriers and 1 in a high-risk BRCA1/2 negative woman) and five invasive tubo-ovarian high grade serous cancers (all detected in BRCA1 carriers). Only one out of nine patients (11.1%) with occult cancer had a slightly elevated CA-125 value preoperatively. Conclusions. A 5.8% prevalence of occult invasive and noninvasive tubo-ovarian serous cancer after RRSO was found in high risk asymptomatic and screen negative women. We conclude that RRSO should be performed in BRCA1/2 carriers and in high-risk BRCA1/2 negative women. Age of preventive gynaecologic surgery should be carefully planned, taking into account the completion of childbearing age and type of mutation. The results favour the tubal hypothesis of tubal origin of high grade serous ovarian and peritoneal cancer. Cytology result of peritoneal cavity washing was important for the decision making process in determining treatment. Cytology examination should be performed in all cases of RRSO. CA-125 assay did not prove to be an effective screening tool for early cancer detection in our patients.
Ključne besede: risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, occult serous cancer, serous tubal intraepithelial cancer, BRCA1/2 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Ogledov: 44; Prenosov: 10
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2. Dietary iodine intake, therapy with radioiodine, and anaplastic thyroid carcinomaNikola Bešić, Barbara Gazić, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive tumors. The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between a higher dietary intake of iodine, frequency of ATC and the characteristics of ATC, and to find out how often patients with ATC had a history of radioiodine (RAI) therapy. Patients and methods. This retrospective study included 220 patients (152 females, 68 males; mean age 68 years) with ATC who were treated in our country from 1972 to 2017. The salt was iodinated with 10 mg of potassium iodide/ kg before 1999, and with 25 mg of potassium iodide/kg thereafter. The patients were assorted into 15-year periods: 1972%1986, 1987%2001, and 2002%2017. Results. The incidence of ATC decreased after a higher iodination of salt (p = 0.04). Patients are nowadays older (p = 0.013) and have less frequent lymph node metastases (p = 0.012). The frequency of distant metastases did not change over time. The median survival of patients in the first, second, and third periods was 3, 4, and 3 months, respectively (p < 0.05). The history of RAI therapy was present in 7.7% of patients. Conclusions. The number of patients with a history of RAI therapy did not change statistically over time. The incidence of ATC in Slovenia decreased probably because of higher salt iodination.
Ključne besede: anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, iodination of salt, treatment, survival
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Ogledov: 40; Prenosov: 29
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3. Significance of nuclear factor - kappa beta activation on prostate needle biopsy samples in the evaluation of Gleason score 6 prostatic carcinoma indolenceMarko Zupančič, Boris Pospihalj, Snežana Cerović, Barbara Gazić, Primož Drev, Marko Hočevar, Andraž Perhavec, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The goal of our study was to find out whether the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-%B) p65 in biopsy samples with Gleason score 3 + 3 = 6 (GS 6) can be a negative predictive factor for Prostate cancer (PCa) indolence. Patients and methods Study was conducted on a retrospective cohort of 123 PCa patients with initial total PSA % 10 ng/ml, number of needle biopsy specimens % 8, GS 6 on biopsy and T1/T2 estimated clinical stage who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and whose archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate needle biopsy specimens were used for additional immunohistochemistry staining for detection of NF-%B p65. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear NF-%B p65 expression in biopsy cores with PCa were correlated with postoperative pathological stage, positive surgical margins, GS and biochemical progression of disease. Results After follow-up of 66 months, biochemical progression (PSA % 0.2 ng/ml) occurred in 6 (5.1%) patients, 3 (50%) with GS 6 and 3 (50%) with GS 7 after radical prostatectomy. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear NF-%B p65 expressions were not significantly associated with pathological stage, positive surgical margin and postoperative GS. Patients with positive cytoplasmic NF-kB reaction had significantly more frequent biochemical progression than those with negative cytoplasmic NF-kB reaction with PSA 0.2 ng/ml as cutoff point (p = 0.015) and a trend towards more biochemical progression with PSA % 0.05 ng/ml as cutoff point (p = 0.068). Conclusions Cytoplasmic expression of NF-%B is associated with more biochemical progression and might be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival (RFS), but further studies including larger patient cohorts are needed to confirm these initial results.
Ključne besede: prostate cancer, needle biopsy, nuclear factor-kappa beta, Gleason
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Ogledov: 47; Prenosov: 23
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4. Antioxidant defence-related genetic variants are not associated with higher risk of secondary thyroid cancer after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescenceAna Lina Vodušek, Katja Goričar, Barbara Gazić, Vita Dolžan, Janez Jazbec, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. Thyroid cancer is one of the most common secondary cancers after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. Thyroid gland is very sensitive to the carcinogenic effect of ionizing radiation, especially in children. Imbalance between pro- and anti-oxidant factors may play a role in thyroid carcinogenesis. Our study aimed to assess the relationship between genetic variability of antioxidant defence-related genes and the risk of secondary thyroid cancer after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. Patients and methods. In a retrospective study, we compared patients with childhood or adolescence primary malignancy between 1960 and 2006 that developed a secondary thyroid cancer (cases) with patients (controls), with the same primary malignancy but did not develop any secondary cancer. They were matched for age, gender, primary diagnosis and treatment (especially radiotherapy) of primary malignancy. They were all genotyped for SOD2 p.Ala16Val, CAT c.-262C>T, GPX1 p.Pro200Leu, GSTP1 p.Ile105Val, GSTP1 p.Ala114Val and GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions. The influence of polymorphisms on occurrence of secondary cancer was examined by McNemar test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results. Between 1960 and 2006 a total of 2641 patients were diagnosed with primary malignancy before the age of 21 years in Slovenia. Among them 155 developed a secondary cancer, 28 of which were secondary thyroid cancers. No significant differences in the genotype frequency distribution were observed between cases and controls. Additionally we observed no significant influence of investigated polymorphisms on time to the development of secondary thyroid cancer. Conclusions. We observed no association of polymorphisms in antioxidant genes with the risk for secondary thyroid cancer after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. However, thyroid cancer is one of the most common secondary cancers in patients treated for malignancy in childhood or adolescence and the lifelong follow up of these patients is of utmost importance.
Ključne besede: secondary thyroid cancer, antioxidant genes, genetic polymorphism
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.05.2024; Ogledov: 183; Prenosov: 124
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5. Functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes in Hurthle cell thyroid neoplasm - an association of GPX1 polymorphism and recurrent Hurthle cell thyroid carcinomaBlaž Krhin, Katja Goričar, Barbara Gazić, Vita Dolžan, Nikola Bešić, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Hurthle cells of the thyroid gland are very rich in mitochondria and oxidative enzymes. As a high level oxidative metabolism may lead to higher level of oxidative stress and can be associated with an increased risk for cancer, we investigated whether common functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes (SOD2, CAT, GPX, GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) are associated with the development or clinical course of Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC). Methods. A retrospective study was performed in 139 patients treated by thyroid surgery for a Hurthle cell neoplasm. HCTC, Hurthle cell thyroid adenoma (HCTA) or Hurthle cell thyroid nodule (HCTN) were diagnosed by pathomorphology. DNA was extracted from cores of histologically confirmed normal tissue obtained from formalin-fixed paraffinembedded specimens and genotyped for investigated polymorphisms. Logistic regression was used to compare genotype distributions between patient groups. Results. HCTC, HCTA and HCTN were diagnosed in 53, 47 and 21 patients, respectively. Metastatic disease and recurrence of HCTC were diagnosed in 20 and 16 HCTC patients, respectively. Genotypes and allele frequencies of investigated polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in patients with HCTC, HCTA and HCTN. Under the dominant genetic model we observed no differences in the genotype frequency distribution of the investigated polymorphisms when the HCTA and HCTN group was compared to the HCTC group for diagnosis of HCTC or for the presence of metastatic disease. However, GPX1 polymorphism was associated with the occurrence of recurrent disease (p = 0.040). Conclusions. GPX1 polymorphism may influence the risk for recurrent disease in HCTC.
Ključne besede: Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma, Hurthle cell neoplasm, thyroid, oxidative stress
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.04.2024; Ogledov: 298; Prenosov: 72
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6. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 13 patients with locally advanced poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma based on Turin proposal : a single institution experienceNikola Bešić, Marta Dremelj, Andreja A. Schwarzbartl-Pevec, Barbara Gazić, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: There is a paradigm that chemotherapy is ineffective in thyroid carcinoma. The aim of our study was to find out whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy before thyroid surgery had an effect on the size of primary tumour in patients with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) based on Turin proposal. Patients and methods. Altogether, 13 patients (8 women, 5 men; median age 61 years) with PDTC based on Turin proposal were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 1986 and 2005. Tumour diameter was from 4.5 to 18 cm (median 9 cm). Regional and distant metastases were detected in 6 and 9 patients, respectively. Eight patients had pT4 tumour. Results. Altogether, 29 (range 1%5) cycles of chemotherapy were given. Tumour diameter decreased in all the patients and by more than 30% in 5 patients (= 38%). Two of these five patients had also preoperative external beam irradiation (EBRT). Total thyroidectomy, lobectomy and neck dissection were performed in 10, 3 and 5 cases, respectively. R0 and R1 resection was done in 5 and 8 cases, respectively. Eight patients had postoperative EBRT of the neck and upper mediastinum. The 5-year and 10-year cause-specific survival rates of patients were 66% and 20%, respectively. Conclusions. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy a partial tumour regression was observed in 38% of patients with PDTC based on Turin proposal.
Ključne besede: poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, neoadjuvant, chemotherapy, survival
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.04.2024; Ogledov: 341; Prenosov: 320
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9. Izraženost ER in PR pri invazivnem karcinomu dojke : rezultati določanja na 15 029 zaporednih vzorcih z Onkološkega Inštituta v obdobju 2006 do 2021Primož Drev, Olga Blatnik, Jerca Blazina, Juan Antonio Contreras, Gorana Gašljević, Biljana Grčar-Kuzmanov, Andreja Klevišar Ivančič, Snežana Pavlović Djokić, Barbara Gazić, 2022, objavljeni povzetek strokovnega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: onkologija, rak dojke, patologija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.02.2023; Ogledov: 545; Prenosov: 171
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10. Izraženost hormonskih receptorjev pri invazivnem karcinomu dojke : rezultati določanja na 15029 zaporednih vzorcih z Onkološkega Inštituta v obdobju od 2006 do 2021Barbara Gazić, Olga Blatnik, Jerca Blazina, Juan Antonio Contreras, Gorana Gašljević, Biljana Grčar-Kuzmanov, Andreja Klevišar Ivančič, Snežana Pavlović Djokić, Primož Drev, 2022, objavljeni povzetek strokovnega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: onkologija, rak dojke, patologija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.02.2023; Ogledov: 567; Prenosov: 129
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