531. Test methods for chloride diffusivity of blended cement pastes : a review by RILEM TC 298-EBDNeven Ukrainczyk, Thomas Bernard, Arezou Babaahmadi, Liming Huang, Christoph Zausinger, Anthony Soive, Stéphanie Bonnet, Fabien Georget, Maruša Mrak, Sabina Dolenec, Tobias Völker, Prannoy Suraneni, William Wilson, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is an important part of the roadmap for reducing CO2 emissions and extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures. To accelerate the adoption of SCMs, the RILEM Technical Committee 298-EBD evaluates scaled-down cement paste test methods to assess the effect of SCM on resistance to chloride and sulfate ingress and reactivity, which are critical to concrete durability. This review focuses on methods for measuring chloride diffusivity and is divided into four sections: diffusivity models and parameters, diffusion test methods (including NMR and chloride measurements), migration test methods and implications for future research. Key insights highlight the complexities of multi-species ionic and molecular diffusion/migration, including various binding interactions, and compares the different measurement methodologies. The review also addresses the test scale and aggregate effects, noting the pros and cons of testing at the paste, mortar, and concrete scales. The review underscores the need for further investigation into testing protocols and the influence of SCM on chloride diffusion, emphasizing that comprehensive testing across different scales provides complementary information for assessing durability performance.
Ključne besede: cements, chloride, SCMs
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Ogledov: 109; Prenosov: 49
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532. Experimental investigations of internal macro-scale convection in the loose-fill wood fiber insulation layer of a full-scale wall elementMartin Veit, Hicham Johra, Nikolaj Rask, Simon M. Roesgaard, Rasmus Lund Jensen, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: With increasing restrictions on the energy efficiency of buildings, thicker insulation layers are installed in new and refurbished buildings to reduce heat losses. Previous studies have indicated that internal macro-scale convection cells can occur in thick porous insulation layers, decreasing the thermal performance of the envelope component. The focus of previous studies has been on horizontal insulation layers, most often composed of glass wool. Therefore, there is a lack of empirical data for loose-fill insulation and, in particular, bio-based materials, which have the potential of being more sustainable than conventional ones. The present investigation of this paper looks at the possibility of internal macro-scale convection inside loose-fill wood fiber insulation in a full-scale vertical wall element, with the modified Rayleigh number in the current investigation being between 20 and 45 and exhibiting internal convection in all cases. The experimental results show good agreement in terms of heat flux and temperature distribution with numerical simulations where the macro-scale convection is modelled explicitly. It also indicates that internal macro-scale convection can be modelled with existing building physics simulation tools, such as COMSOL. Finally, the internal macro-scale convection increases the effective U-value by up to 90 % for the highest temperature difference in steady-state conditions. This effect appears to diminish under dynamic boundary conditions, with a calculated effective U-value being within the uncertainty of the steady-state case with the lowest temperature difference, indicating that it might be less influential under real conditions.
Ključne besede: thermal performance, internal convection, performance gap, insulation materials
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Ogledov: 129; Prenosov: 67
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533. Dataset on parameters of natural forest regeneration a decade after silvicultural treatment in Dinaric fir-beech forestsTanja Mrak, Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Petr Baldrian, Nataša Šibanc, Vendula Brabcová, Tijana Martinović, David Lenarčič, Martina Štursová, 2025, zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov Ključne besede: research data
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Ogledov: 187; Prenosov: 0
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535. Balancing health and socioeconomic impacts : a uniform framework for evaluating non-pharmaceutical interventionsMatjaž Gams, Anže Marinko, Nina Reščič, Aljoša Vodopija, Sophie Vandepitte, Delphine De Smedt, Jana S. Javornik, Franc Strle, Vito Janko, David Susič, Zoja Anžur, Mitja Luštrek, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This paper introduces a uniform evaluation framework for assessing the effectiveness of past non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in managing infectious diseases, taking into account the cultural and social differences between countries. The framework enables quantifying and finding the optimal balance of both the health and socioeconomic impacts of NPIs. The aim is to assist policymakers in understanding which NPIs lead to the optimal balance by highlighting unnecessary costs - the costs that could be avoided while maintaining the same infection rates. To assess the extent of unnecessary socioeconomic consequences experienced by a country during a past epidemic of infectious diseases, we use the following approach. First, we develop a model that predicts the number of infections from NPIs in a country. Second, we estimate the socioeconomic costs (SEC) of the NPIs universally for countries included in the study. Third, we develop a model that prescribes the NPI plans with the optimal trade-off between the number of infections and the SEC. Fourth, we create a model that specifically adjusts each country’s SEC. Finally, we provide additional analysis to increase comprehension of the effects of NPIs. Demonstrated through an analysis of COVID-19 pandemic responses in 17 countries, the study offers a systematic presentation of the framework and a concrete examination of the integrated effects of NPIs. It provides insights into interventions’ direct and indirect consequences, offering guidance for future epidemic responses. The framework enables a systematic understanding of the effects of the NPIs applied, acknowledging the national diversity in health measure acceptance and implementation. This allows for fair analysis across countries, identifying and displaying the economic, social, and health-related costs of suboptimal NPI strategies, i.e., unnecessary costs. The framework is applicable for any infectious disease, NPIs, or country, assuming the medical interventions are similar, e.g., timing and amount of vaccination
Ključne besede: Bombus dahlbomii, Patagonian bumblebee, invasive species, population dynamics, socioeconomic consequences, infectious diseases
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.11.2025; Ogledov: 160; Prenosov: 87
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536. A risk score to predict kidney survival in patients with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease at the age of two monthsKathrin Burgmaier, Samuel Kilian, Klaus Arbeiter, Bahriye Atmis, Olivia Boyer, Anja Katrin Buescher, Ismail Dursun, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a severe hepatorenal fibrocystic disorder. Its rareness and the variability of disease courses have been major obstacles for the establishment of clinical trials on treatment of kidney disease in ARPKD. In this observational study we characterized kidney disease progression in a very large cohort of up to 658 patients with the clinical diagnosis of ARPKD and identified risk factors associated with rapid kidney disease progression. The estimated probability of kidney failure by the age of 20 years was 50.1% (95% confidence interval 42.2%‒57.0%), with earlier kidney failure in specific subgroups. Mean yearly estimated glomerular filtration rate decline after the first year of life was 1.3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 during childhood and adolescence in the overall cohort, ranging from 0.5 to 2.2 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in various subgroups. Furthermore, we developed prediction models for the relative risk of early kidney failure to be applied at the age of two months in daily clinical life. The finally chosen predictor set for a score based on a Cox model encompassed five factors: gestational age at oligo- or anhydramnios, gestational age at birth, functional genotype, serum creatinine (mg/dl) as well as documentation of arterial hypertension at the age of two months. The derived simple prognostic score showed good prediction performance, especially in the first three years of life. It reliably identified patients who are not at risk of early kidney failure and may be helpful to identify patients at risk of more rapid disease progression that could benefit from novel therapeutic interventions.
Ključne besede: ciliopathies, fibrocystic hepatorenal disease, fibrocystin, kidney survival, polycystic kidney disease
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.11.2025; Ogledov: 190; Prenosov: 73
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537. Intestinal involvement in graft versus host disease in children : an overview by the ESPGHAN Gastroenterology CommitteeMarina Vincent, Amit Assa, Osvaldo Borrelli, Matjaž Homan, Javier Martin-de-Carpi, Zrinjka Mišak, Maria Giovanna Puoti, Isabelle Scheers, Sara Sila, Caterina Strisciuglio, Christos Tzivinikos, Jernej Dolinšek, Emmanuel Mas, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a complication that frequently occurs afterhaematopoietic stem cell transplantation and concerns many children in paediatrichaematology‐oncology and bone marrow transplantation departments. It can affectvarious organs, with the skin, gastrointestinal tract and liver being the most com-monly involved. To confirm intestinal GVHD and to rule out differential diagnosesendoscopy is frequently needed. Currently, there are no specific consensus rec-ommendations concerning the best method for endoscopic exploration and medicalmanagement of this disease in children, with limited studies available, including alow number of patients. Sigmoidoscopy could be initially proposed under sedation. Ifsigmoidoscopy is normal or if a general anaesthesia is required, colonoscopy andupper endoscopy should be planned, avoiding duodenal biopsy because of the riskof duodenal haematoma. Regarding therapeutic options, corticosteroids are thefirst‐line treatment for GVHD. Ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, is indicated forchildren aged 12 years and older with acute or chronic GVHD who have aninadequate response to corticosteroids or other systemic therapies. Nutritionalsupport has a key role in the management of intestinal GVHD and should beconsidered to guarantee the best possible evolution of intestinal GVHD.
Ključne besede: GVHD, children, complication, endoscopy, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, intestine
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.11.2025; Ogledov: 139; Prenosov: 69
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