571. Testing woodchips for their efficiency in stimulating aquatic nutrient uptake at different experimental and spatial scalesElmira Akbari, Tjaša Matjašič, Anna-Lisa Dittrich, Katrin Attermeyer, Rebecca Hood-Nowotny, Gabriele Weigelhofer, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Introduction: Woodchips as a source of particulate organic carbon (POC) are proposed as a nature-based solution to enhance nutrient uptake and retention in agricultural streams. However, the effective implementation of woodchips for nutrient removal in streams requires an advanced understanding of their potential and limits, considering their performance under various environmental conditions. This study tested the efficiency of woodchips on the uptake of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ammonium (N-NH4) across different experimental scales and complexity. We investigated whether the presence of woodchips can increase SRP and N-NH4 uptake in laboratory flumes under controlled conditions, outdoor flumes under semi-controlled conditions, and agricultural streams. Additionally, we examined how the effects of woodchips will change over time via a 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes. Methods: The woodchips were pre-colonized for four weeks to allow the growth of biofilms. We performed short-term nutrient additions without (control) and with (treatment) woodchips in all three experimental setups. Uptake parameters were determined via concentration changes over time in the laboratory flumes and concentration changes over travel distance in the outdoor flumes and the stream channels. The effects of woodchips on SRP and N-NH4 uptake rates were analyzed using an effect size model. Results: We found positive effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake only in the laboratory flumes but no or even negative effects in the outdoor flumes and the agricultural streams. Over the 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes, we did not observe significant changes in the effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake. Discussion: These findings highlight that considering experimental scales and influencing environmental conditions is crucial when testing the application of woodchips as nature-based solutions to mitigate nutrient loads in agricultural streams.
Keywords: biofilms, nutrient uptake, particulate organic carbon (POC), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), ammonium (N-NH4), woodchips, experimental scales
Published in DiRROS: 02.10.2024; Views: 210; Downloads: 262
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572. Priročnik S4Q za proizvajalce peletPeter Prislan, Nike Krajnc, Mitja Piškur, Matevž Triplat, Darja Stare, Matjaž Dremelj, 2024, dictionary, encyclopaedia, lexicon, manual, atlas, map Published in DiRROS: 30.09.2024; Views: 306; Downloads: 812
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573. In pursuit of change : divergent temporal shifts in climate sensitivity of Norway spruce along an elevational and continentality gradient in the CarpathiansAndrei Popa, Jernej Jevšenak, Ionel Popa, Ovidiu Badea, Allan Buras, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Across much of Europe, climate change has caused a major dieback of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), an economically important tree species. However, the southeasternmost fringe of this tree species – the Eastern Carpathians – has not yet suffered large-scale dieback. Studying temporal shifts of climate sensitivity (TSCS) over time may elucidate the degree to which Norway spruce may be vulnerable to climate-change induced decline in upcoming decades. Under this framework, we analyzed a regional tree-ring network comprising >3000 trees, with the aim of quantifying TSCS since 1950. We mathematically defined TSCS as the slope parameter of the regression of climate sensitivity (the correlation coefficient) over time. Given the often-observed contrasting shift of climate sensitivity at low versus high elevations, we were particularly interested in studying potentially divergent TSCS along elevational and spatial gradients. Our analyses revealed several indications of TSCS for Norway spruce in the Eastern Carpathians. First, at high elevations (>1100 m a.s.l.), we found that the positive link between summer temperature and spruce growth decreased significantly over the study period. In turn, these trees, over time, featured an increasing positive relationship with late winter temperatures. At low elevations (<800 m a.s.l.), the signal of positive summer Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) correlation became more frequent among sites towards 2021, while the strength of the positive winter SPEI correlation from the previous growing season weakened. Our results revealed that TSCS was driven significantly by an elevational climate gradient and a longitudinal continentality gradient. Overall, our findings indicate that Norway spruce is increasingly affected by water limitations under climate change at low elevations, highlighting a potentially rising risk of decline of this species in the Eastern Carpathians.
Keywords: temperature, water availability, climate change, tree-ring width, non-stationarity, Picea abies, daily climate-growth relationships
Published in DiRROS: 30.09.2024; Views: 280; Downloads: 654
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576. Nodulation performance and agronomic traits of European common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genetic resourcesEva Plestenjak, Vladimir Meglič, Lovro Sinkovič, Matevž Likar, Marjana Regvar, Barbara Pipan, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Field production of common beans benefit from root microbial associations, although they are generally considered to be weaker nitrogen fixers than other legumes. Therefore, the number of nodules on the roots of 64 accessions of the European common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the relationship between the number of nodules per accession and other plant characteristics (growth type, earliness, seed yield, and total nitrogen content in seeds) were studied. The results indicated that growth type and earliness influenced the number of nodules per accession (the contributions of principal component analysis were 34.9% for Dim1 and 29.8% for Dim2). The average number of nodules per accession with indeterminate growth type was almost five times higher (20.1) than for accessions with determinate growth type (4.4). Common bean accessions with regular growth cycle length had the highest number of nodules (21.9). In contrast, nodulation efficiency, measured as seed yield per plant and total nitrogen content in seeds, were not correlated with the number of nodules per accession (correlation analysis, r < 0.1). Consequently, data on the nodulation efficiency of European common bean accessions are important for breeding programmes in conjunction with other agronomically important traits for commercial and/or organic cultivation systems.
Keywords: agronomic traits, common bean, nitrogen fixation, nodules, symbiotic efficiency
Published in DiRROS: 30.09.2024; Views: 212; Downloads: 54
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577. Technological advancements and organizational discrimination : the dual impact of industry 5.0 on migrant workersErhan Aydin, Mushfiqur Rahman, Çağri Bulut, Roberto Biloslavo, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This study explores the impact of Industry 5.0 on discriminatory behaviors toward migrant
employees within organizations. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews with 15 migrant
workers in the UK, this research identifies key challenges faced by migrant employees amidst the
integration of advanced technologies like AI and robotics in HRM systems. Thematic analysis reveals
that while Industry 5.0 has the potential to mitigate human biases, it can also perpetuate existing
prejudices if not managed effectively. This study highlights two main themes: the experiences of
discrimination and challenges in the context of Industry 5.0, and the role of technology in HRM
systems. The findings indicate that automated HR systems can both reduce and increase biases,
highlighting the importance of inclusive practices and targeted support programs to help migrant
workers adapt to a technologically advanced labor market. This research contributes to the literature
by providing insights into the duality of technological advancements in reducing and reinforcing
workplace discrimination.
Keywords: Industry 5.0, migrant workers, organizational discrimination, human resource management, technological advancements
Published in DiRROS: 30.09.2024; Views: 227; Downloads: 153
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578. Unveiling the solution structure of a DNA duplex with continuous silver-modified Watson-Crick base pairsUroš Javornik, Antonio Pérez-Romero, Carmen López-Chamorro, Rachelle M. Smith, José A. Dobado, Oscar Palacios, Mrinal K. Bera, May Nyman, Janez Plavec, Miguel A. Galindo, 2024, original scientific article Published in DiRROS: 30.09.2024; Views: 243; Downloads: 654
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579. Lessons from accelerating an RBF-FD phase-field model of dendritic growth on GPUsBoštjan Mavrič, Tadej Dobravec, Božidar Šarler, 2024, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Phase-field modeling of dendritic growth presents the state of the art in the field of solidification modeling and are usually implemented using finite difference models combined with explicit time marching and accelerated by using GPUs. They are a prime candidate for such acceleration, since they require many arithmetic operations on relatively low ammount of data. We present an attempt at porting an existing RBF-FD code optimized for CPU execution to use GPU acceleration while keeping the resulting implementation portable between architectures. We discuss the acceleration achieved, scaling and implementation issues and critically discuss current landscape of GPGPU offerings.
Keywords: meshless methods, phase field, graphical processing unit
Published in DiRROS: 27.09.2024; Views: 271; Downloads: 134
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