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791 - 800 / 2000
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793.
Toward practical aluminum organic batteries featuring covalent organic framework
Olivera Lužanin, Raquel Dantas, Ava Rajh, Urban Košir, Robert Dominko, Klemen Bučar, Matjaž Kavčič, Manuel Souto, Jan Bitenc, 2025, original scientific article

Abstract: In recent years, Al metal organic batteries have attracted significant interest due to their promise of sustainability and high volumetric energy densities, while being based on abundant materials. However, many studies assess their performance with insufficient rigor, often emphasizing high capacity and power performance, as well as cycling stability at very high cycling rates. Herein, the feasibility of a highly stable β-ketoenamine-linked anthraquinone-based covalent organic framework (DAAQ-TFP-COF) for rechargeable Al batteries is reassessed. First, the influence of different voltage windows on electrochemical behavior in an ionic liquid electrolyte, identifying an optimal balance between capacity and stability, is investigated. Within the optimized voltage window of 0.5 to 2.0 V, DAAQ-TFP-COF achieves a capacity of 113.9 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1. To gain deeper insight into the charge storage mechanism, surface- and bulk-sensitive characterization techniques—energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray Raman spectroscopy—confirming monovalent AlCl2+ as the main coordination species are employed. Finally, the compatibility of DAAQ-TFP-COF with more cost-effective amide-based Al electrolytes is evaluated. In butyramide-based electrolyte, the organic material exhibits stable performance and high Coulombic efficiency. Based on our findings, a realistic outlook on the key challenges that must be addressed to advance COF-based electrodes for future aluminum battery applications is provided.
Keywords: rechargable batteries, aluminum metal batteries, covalent organic framework
Published in DiRROS: 09.10.2025; Views: 243; Downloads: 107
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794.
Induced cycles vertex number and $(1,2)$-domination in cubic graphs
Rija Erveš, Aleksandra Tepeh, 2026, original scientific article

Abstract: A $(1,2)$-dominating set in a graph ▫$G$▫ is a set $S$ such that every vertex outside $S$ has at least one neighbor in $S$, and each vertex in $S$ has at least two neighbors in $S$. The $(1,2)$-domination number, $\gamma_{1, 2}(G)$, is the minimum size of such a set, while $c_{\rm ind}(G)$ is the cardinality of the largest vertex set in that induces one or more cycles. In this paper, we initiate the study of a relationship between these two concepts and discuss how establishing such a connection can contribute to solving a conjecture on the lower bound of $c_{\rm ind}(G)$ for cubic graphs. We also establish an upper bound on $c_{\rm ind}(G)$ for cubic graphs and characterize graphs that achieve this bound.
Keywords: cubic graphs, (1, 2)-domination, induced 2-regular subgraphs, induced cycles vertex
Published in DiRROS: 09.10.2025; Views: 229; Downloads: 108
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795.
Environmental alterations and sea warming drive seagrass meadow decline in urbanized coastal areas of the northern Adriatic Sea
Fabrizio Gianni, Annalisa Falace, Martina Orlando-Bonaca, Saul Ciriaco, Danijel Ivajnšič, Sara Kaleb, Lovrenc Lipej, Borut Mavrič, Stefano Querin, Vinko Bandelj, 2025, original scientific article

Abstract: Seagrass meadows are important habitat builders, providing food, shelter, and nursery grounds for many species, alongside essential goods and ecosystem services for humanity. However, in the last decades, seagrass meadows have been subjected to numerous pressures, leading to their widespread decline. The northern Adriatic Sea is no exception, with seagrass regression observed notably between 2014 and 2018. This study aims to identify the drivers of the recent seagrass decline in the Gulf of Trieste through a spatial and temporal assessment of seagrass distribution. To assess the relationship between seagrass dynamics and environmental changes, spatiotemporal patterns of environmental variables were analyzed, and generalized additive models were applied for two different time periods: 2009-2013 and 2014-2018. Historical data on seagrass distribution was also collected and compared with the current distribution. Our findings indicate that Cymodocea nodosa remains the dominant species on the northern coast of the Gulf, with a decrease of 30% in Slovenian waters and up to 89% near Trieste (Italy) during 2014-2018. Analysis of physicochemical variables revealed an increase in seawater temperature across the Gulf and a change in nutrient load, particularly in Slovenia, where it decreased significantly. Models achieved high-performance scores, identifying photosynthetically active radiation, nutrients, temperature, and sediment type as key determinants of seagrass occurrence. Nonetheless, additional local-scale factors likely contributed to lower seagrass’ resilience to disturbances. These findings stress the need to develop integrated spatial planning strategies and provide a crucial baseline for future seagrass monitoring and restoration activities.
Keywords: species distribution, climate change, anthropogenic disturbance, urbanization, Northern Adriatic
Published in DiRROS: 08.10.2025; Views: 276; Downloads: 119
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796.
797.
Seismic protection technologies
Luka Naumovski, Onur Kaplan, Vojko Kilar, Erkan Çelebi, Giuseppe D’Arenzo, Beatrice Faggiano, Giacomo Iovane, Saeid Javidi, Daniele Casagrande, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph

Abstract: Taller timber buildings (TTBs) offer sustainability benefits but pose unique seismic challenges. The following chapter reviews state-of-the-art seismic protection technologies (SPTs) for TTBs, including low-damage self-centering systems, post-tensioned systems, supplemental damping systems, passive and active control systems and base isolation. It discusses the principles, applications, and future challenges of each technology. While significant progress and innovative solutions have been achieved, outstanding challenges include scaling the technology, optimizing cost-effectiveness, and managing interactions between structural and non-structural elements to enhance functional recovery, damage limitation, and acceleration reduction. By examining current practices and future directions, this review facilitates a broader understanding and implementation of SPTs, promoting the sustainable growth of TTBs in seismic-prone regions.
Keywords: timber buildings, earthquake engineering, seismic protection technologies, low-damage and self-centring, post-tensioned systems, supplemental damping systems, passive and active control, base isolation
Published in DiRROS: 08.10.2025; Views: 228; Downloads: 109
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798.
Acute effect of auricular nerve stimulation on peristalsis
Katarina Kalinić, Janez Rozman, Veronika Kelher, Samo Ribarič, 2025, original scientific article

Keywords: transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation, gastric motility, phonogastrogram, signal processing
Published in DiRROS: 08.10.2025; Views: 217; Downloads: 99
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799.
Recruitment and controlled growth of juveniles of the critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis in the Northern Adriatic
Valentina Pitacco, Domen Trkov, Daniela Caracciolo, Saul Ciriaco, Marco Segarich, Edoardo Batistini, Martina Orlando-Bonaca, Lovrenc Lipej, Borut Mavrič, Manja Rogelja, Ilenia Azzena, Chiara Locci, Fabio Scarpa, Daria Sanna, Marco Casu, Chiara Manfrin, Alberto Pallavicini, Ana Fortič, 2025, original scientific article

Abstract: The fan mussel Pinna nobilis is the largest bivalve species in the Mediterranean Sea and provides numerous ecosystem services. It is classified as critically endangered by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) due to severe mass mortality events throughout the Mediterranean. The aims of this work are as follows: (i) to assess the current recruitment potential of the species, (ii) to enhance recruitment by keeping juveniles in controlled conditions before releasing them back into the sea, and (iii) to assess the health status of recruits. In the period 2022–2023, larval collectors were set up in the Gulf of Trieste as part of the LIFE Pinna project. The collected individuals were kept in aquaria in two different facilities under different conditions: (a) a closed system with constant water temperature, live phytoplankton, and commercial food and (b) an open system with ambient seawater temperature and commercial food. A clear temporal and spatial variability in recruitment was observed: 13 recruits were found in 2022 and 50 recruits in 2023. The live specimens were between 0.5 and 8 cm in size upon collection and larger in 2023. The growth and survival rate did not differ significantly between the two systems, but the average monthly growth and survival rate were related to the initial size of the juveniles.
Keywords: pen shell, ex situ maintenance, in situ maintenance, Haplosporidium pinnae, Mycobacterium, conservation, marine biology
Published in DiRROS: 08.10.2025; Views: 248; Downloads: 103
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