| Title: | Optimised extraction and HPLC–DAD determination of steroidal glycoalkaloids in potato tubers : analytical validation and environmental sustainability evaluation |
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| Authors: | ID Ben Ammar, Hajer (Author)
ID Dolničar, Peter (Author)
ID Pipan, Barbara (Author)
ID Sinkovič, Lovro (Author) |
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| Files: |  URL - Source URL, visit https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021967326004942?via%3Dihub
 PDF - Presentation file, download (6,47 MB)
MD5: 3DD23369587B8174FBA374C4E3AD50C6
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  KIS - Agricultural Institute of Slovenia
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| Abstract: | Steroidal glycoalkaloids ( α-solanine and α-chaconine) are major potato toxins whose accurate quantification is often challenged by matrix effects and chromatographic selectivity. This study reports the optimisation and validation of a robust reversed-phase HPLC-DAD method for the determination of glycoalkaloids in potato tissues, combined with a systematic assessment of the environmental sustainability of the analytical workflow. Extraction conditions were optimized by integrating systematic solvent screening with a factorial experimental design to evaluate the effect of key operational variables on glycoalkaloid recovery and refine extraction performance The resulting extraction medium improved extract cleanliness and chromatographic stability. A subsequent C18 solid-phase extraction SPE step further reduced matrix effect and enhanced analytical selectivity. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a conventional C18 column using an acetonitrile-water gradient, providing baseline resolution (Rs > 1.5) of α 2 -solanine and α-chaconine with stable diode-array detection (DAD) at 205 nm. The method was validated according to ICH Q2(R2) and AOAC guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity (R > 0.995), low limits of detection (0.462–0.767 µg/mL) and quantification (1.540–2.558 µg/mL), high precision (≤ 5% RSD), and recoveries of 90–105%. Robustness testing confirmed minimal sensitivity to routine variations in chromatographic parameters. Application to potato breeding lines demonstrated reliable quantification and revealed genotype-dependent variation in glycoalkaloid content. The environmental assessment of the analytical procedure was evaluated using Analytical Eco-scale, GAPI and AGREE metrics, demonstrating reduced solvent consumption, avoidance of strongly acidic extraction conditions, and a simplified sample preparation workflow. The proposed HPLC-DAD workflow provides a validated, high-performance, and environmentally conscious approach for routine GA quantification, suitable for food-safety monitoring, regulatory compliance and breeding programme applications. |
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| Keywords: | α-chaconine, α-solanine, analytical method, HPLC-DAD, potato tubers, environmental sustainability |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Publication date: | 03.06.2026 |
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| Year of publishing: | 2026 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-18 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 1783, [article no.] 467165 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-29950  |
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| UDC: | 633 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1873-3778 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chroma.2026.467165 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 280684547 |
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| Note: | Soavtorji: Peter Dolničar, Barbara Pipan, Lovro Sinkovič;
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 10.06.2026 |
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| Views: | 48 |
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| Downloads: | 41 |
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