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Abstract: Beneath the Earth’s surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sed-imentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Although largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and reg-ulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to majorbiogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water.They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contri-butions often go unrecognised, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, fresh-water, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists,practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contrib-ute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively,lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we list examples of the main ecosystem services provided by subter-ranean systems to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. Webelieve this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples to communicate more effectivelythe importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.
Keywords: groundwater, hypogean, nature value, drinking water, food production, biotechnology, geothermal energy, sustainability, ecotourism, cultural heritage
Published in DiRROS: 02.03.2026; Views: 92; Downloads: 68
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Abstract: Cultural heritage artefacts that are rich in engraved and embossed ornamentation on vessels, ritual objects, tombstones, and manuscripts. These objects are important for reconstructing social life, ritual practices, and cultural expression a cross regions and periods. To understand a culture, it is not enough to study objects in isolation; systematic comparison across related artefacts is essential to determine whether and how communities were connected. However, such a comparison requires first a robust, scalable detection of their visual content. We therefore study whether a real-time object detection framework can localise and classify ornamentation. In this study, pretrained You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) and version 11 (YOLOv11) architectures were employed, ranging from their nano to large model versions, to detect ornaments characteristic of Greek and Hallstatt cultural artefacts. YOLOv8 and YOLOv11 were pretrained on Common Objects in Context (COCO) dataset and were able to detect 80different object categories. During the testing of YOLO performance different inherent(YOLO specific) hyper-parameter settings were adopted to detect (localise and classify)ornaments. The models demonstrated promising performance in localising and recognising recurring motifs, yet their accuracy remains constrained by the limited availability of ornament-specific training data. To enhance recognition quality, the development of specialised datasets tailored to cultural ornamentation is essential.
Keywords: cultural heritage, object detection, ornamentation, deep learning, YOLO
Published in DiRROS: 03.02.2026; Views: 145; Downloads: 98
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Abstract: Heritage dissonances in contested territories are a challenge for the conservation of built heritage as they embody diverging values of the numerous communities. The restoration of the “Venetian House” in Piran (Slovenia) in 2016 provides an eloquent example through which we can observe the impact of population changes on the dynamics of (mis)recognition in heritage and highlight the potential of participatory practice in such conservation.
Keywords: built heritage conservation, restoration, heritage dissonance, place attachment, Venetian House in Piran, Istria
Published in DiRROS: 21.01.2026; Views: 233; Downloads: 115
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Abstract: The author develops a conceptual framework for studying community-based social innova-tion and intangible heritage, emphasizing the drivers of place, participation, social values, collective memories, and collaborative lead-ership. This paper examines the practice of autodrama, staged annually for over fifty years by the Teatro Povero di Monticchiello in rural Tuscany. From the perspective of the local population and surrounding area, autodrama is regarded as heritage, yet its social outcomes also exhibit characteristics of social innovation.⬝Keywords: social innovation, heritage, rural area, community, creativity.
Keywords: social innovation, heritage, rural area, community, creativity
Published in DiRROS: 19.01.2026; Views: 226; Downloads: 121
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Abstract: The study explores the presence of the Ottoman heritage in Bulgaria. Despite its exclusion from the national heritage canon, different communities engage with and valorise it. Using a scalar approach, we examine how heritage operates at various levels, revealing the dynamic interplay of dominant and vernacular discourses. Drawing on anthropological fieldwork, the paper highlights the mosaic of memories, narratives, and practices that reclaim Ottoman heritage today.
Keywords: Ottoman heritage, dissonance, heritage scales, Bulgaria, Balkans
Published in DiRROS: 19.01.2026; Views: 246; Downloads: 96
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