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Abstract: Background. An extensive use of ultrasonography and computed tomography have enormously contributed to the early detection of adenocarcinoma of kidney taking into consideration that they have been so far often detected by chance.In addition to provide us with an image of a tumor and contributing to define more easily the nature of tumor, MRI is most helpful in detecting the infiltrations of tumor into its surroundings and changes in the veins. Case report. This case report presents the patient with adenocarcinoma of the ectopic kidney. The ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging detected and abundant non-homogenous tumor mass in pelvis minor. Additionally to the suspected ectopia of one of the kidney, it was alsosuspected that there was another pathological process of different etiology too. This suspicion was based on the detection of a different tumor mass in between the intestinal loops. Two months after the nonradical excisionof the adenocarcinoma from the ectopic kidney, the following changes were observed: progress of the residual tumor in the pelvis minor and the tumor in between the intestinal loops (that was not removed during the first operation). The patient was given immunochemotherapy and local radiotherapy. Conclusions. According to the available data in literature, the localization of tumor in ectopic kidney is extremely rare.
Published in DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Views: 281; Downloads: 64
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Abstract: Background. The presence of fluid in the bowel lumen improves the sonographic visualisation of the gastrointestinal tract, thus permitting earlier and more accurate detection of pathological changes. Hydrocolonic sonographic (HS) is amethod of examination the colon after it has been cleaned and filled with water. Patients and methods. We have evaluated the method in a group of 56 patients by comparing its results with the findings of colonoscopy, double-contrast barium enema or surgery. Results. HS had an overall accuracy of 86%, a sensitivity of 81%, a specificity of 92%, a positive predictive value of 91% and a negative predictive value of 82%. Conclusions. The technique is not suitable for examination the rectum, but apart from that it is comparable in usefulness to double-contrast barium enema. The main limitation of HS is that it requires a lot of experience and skill on the partof the sonologist, which affects its acceptability for diagnostic evaluation of the colon.
Published in DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Views: 297; Downloads: 65
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Abstract: Cardiac tumors are rare and should be differentiated from nontumoral cardiac masses because of different therapeutic approach. For this purpose, spin-echo (SE) technique and gradient-echo (GE) technique are used in magnetic resonanceimaging (MR). The first provides anatomic evaluation of the heart andtissue characterization, while the second provides dynamic information on the blood flow and heart contraction. Cardiac myxoma is differential from thrombus by paramagnetic contrast agent administration. Their mobility is evaluated with GE technique. Lipomas and subacute hemorrhage have the same, high signal intensity on T1-weighted spin-echo image, therefore, the fat suppression technique is appropriate to recognize them. MR is used in evaluating the response of the malignant tumor to chemotherapy. GE MR is useful to differentiate between the thrombus and slow-flowing blood; the administration of gadolinium helps to distinguish the thrombus from the tumor.In patients suspected of having a cardiac tumor, echocardiography is thefirst method of choice. MR is used to confirm the findigs of echocardiography, to determine precisely the tumor location, extent, and its tissue characterization, to follow up patients under treatment, and to detect early tumor recurrence.
Published in DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Views: 309; Downloads: 68
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Keywords: hot-work tool steel, austempering, bainitic transformation, lower bainite, impact toughness
Published in DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Views: 358; Downloads: 133
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Abstract: Background. The introduction of helical CT scanners in combination with simultaneous opacification of vessels with contrast medium allows the demonstration of vessels within the chosen volume of interest. This examination is called CT angiography. Being a minimally invasive method, it has been quickly accepted in the spectrum of vessel-imaging modalities, as forexample: Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography, transesophageal ultrasound etc. In the field of cardiovascular radiology, it has been used to demonstrate pathology of ascending and descending aorta, likethe aneurysms, dissection, traumatic rupture or congenital anomalies. It is also very useful in pre- and postoperative follow-up in the aortic stent-graft insertion, a method which has recently become popular. Also the CTangiography has greatly influenced the preoperative calculations and has clearly demonstrated the postoperative anatomical changes as well as complications (i.e. peristental leakage). Conclusions. In this context, it is comparable to intraarterial angiography and even offers some advantages over the latter. The only draw-back being somewhat lower spatial resolution and longer processing time, but with the advent of a new, so called multi-slice scanners and powerful workstations, these draw-backs will be minimized.
Published in DiRROS: 24.01.2024; Views: 310; Downloads: 73
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