651. Zero-shot evaluation of ChatGPT for food named-entity recognition and linkingMatevž Ogrinc, Barbara Koroušić-Seljak, Tome Eftimov, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Introduction: Recognizing and extracting key information from textual data plays an important role in intelligent systems by maintaining up-to-date knowledge, reinforcing informed decision-making, question-answering, and more. It is especially apparent in the food domain, where critical information guides the decisions of nutritionists and clinicians. The information extraction process involves two natural language processing tasks named entity recognition—NER and named entity linking—NEL. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), especially ChatGPT, many areas began incorporating its knowledge to reduce workloads or simplify tasks. In the field of food, however, we noticed an opportunity to involve ChatGPT in NER and NEL.
Methods: To assess ChatGPT's capabilities, we have evaluated its two versions, ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, focusing on their performance across both NER and NEL tasks, emphasizing food-related data. To benchmark our results in the food domain, we also investigated its capabilities in a more broadly investigated biomedical domain. By evaluating its zero-shot capabilities, we were able to ascertain the strengths and weaknesses of the two versions of ChatGPT.
Results: Despite being able to show promising results in NER compared to other models. When tasked with linking entities to their identifiers from semantic models ChatGPT's effectiveness falls drastically.
Discussion: While the integration of ChatGPT holds potential across various fields, it is crucial to approach its use with caution, particularly in relying on its responses for critical decisions in food and bio-medicine.
Keywords: ChatGPT, food data, named-entity recognition, named-entity linking
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 299; Downloads: 122
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652. Unutarnja okolina renoviranih ureda opremljenih stropnim isijavajućim pločamaSabina Jordan, Jože Hafner, Tilmann E. Kuhn, Andraž Legat, Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: U radu se ocjenjuje unutarnja okolina renoviranih ureda koji su, kao pokusni primjer,opremljeni naprednim stropnim isijavajućim pločama koje se primjenjuju za grijanje i hlađenje. Obavljene su opsežne analize na bazi raznih nizova stvarnih mjerenja kako bi se ocijenila djelotvornost i prikladnost predložene koncepcije za adaptiranje prostora. Ustanovljeno je da čitav sustav za temperiranje uredskih prostora funkcionira na prikladan način, te da raspon unutarnjih temperatura zraka omogućava postizanje najviše razine udobnosti.
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 255; Downloads: 158
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653. Generalization ability of feature-based performance prediction models : a statistical analysis across benchmarksAna Nikolikj, Ana Kostovska, Gjorgjina Cenikj, Carola Doerr, Tome Eftimov, 2024, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: This study examines the generalization ability of algorithm performance prediction models across various bench-mark suites. Comparing the statistical similarity between the problem collections with the accuracy of performance prediction models that are based on exploratory landscape analysis features, we observe that there is a positive correlation between these two measures. Specifically, when the high-dimensional feature value distributions between training and testing suites lack statistical significance, the model tends to generalize well, in the sense that the testing errors are in the same range as the training errors. Two experiments validate these findings: one involving the standard benchmark suites, the BBOB and CEC collections, and another using five collections of affine combinations of BBOB problem instances.
Keywords: meta-learning, single-objective optimization, module importance
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 331; Downloads: 130
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656. International Conference The Business of Worldmaking: New Perspectives on Liminal Actors in Postcolonial Development Cooperation : programme and abstracts2024, other monographs and other completed works Abstract: Seeking to move beyond a focus on former colonial Metropoles and Cold War superpowers, and zooming in on peripheral modernization projects, this conference investigates the ‘in-between’ instances of economic cooperation in the self-professed developing countries in Africa, Asia, and South America. The conference primarily focuses on those dynamic players in the postcolonial world which circumvented the habitual East-West and North-South cleavages and presented themselves as: 1) neutral (e.g. Austria, Sweden, Ireland), 2) non-aligned (e.g. Yugoslavia, India, Egypt), 3) pursuing more independent socialist course (e.g. Romania, Cuba, China), 4) allegedly not sharing the colonial past with other Western European nations (e.g. West Germany, Italy), or 5) successfully ‘catching up’ with the most developed nations (e.g. Japan, Israel, South Korea). While not excluding examples of Cold War superpowers and former colonial metropoles’ inserting themselves into this newly emerging multidirectional development consensus the conference focuses on the above described, liminal examples of bilateral collaboration, particularly contributions emphasizing tri- and multilateral efforts between ‘East’, ‘South’ and ‘West’.
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 245; Downloads: 171
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657. Izvajanje spremljanja stanja populacij izbranih ciljnih vrst hroščev v letu 2013 in 2014 : Carabus variolosus, Lucanus cervus, Rosalia alpina, Morimus funereus, Osmoderma eremita, Cucujus cinnaberinusAl Vrezec, Špela Ambrožič Ergaver, Andrej Kapla, Irena Bertoncelj, Dejan Bordjan, 2014, final research report Abstract: V končnem poročilu so predstavljeni rezultati terenskih raziskav šestih varstveno pomembnih vrst hroščev v Sloveniji v letih 2013 in 2014. Za močvirskega krešiča (Carabus variolosus), rogača (Lucanus cervus), alpskega kozlička (Rosalia alpina) in bukovega kozlička (Morimus funereus) je v Sloveniji že vzpostavljena shema populacijskega in distribucijskega monitoringa s pripadajočimi metodološkimi protokoli in je pričujoča naloga poročilo o stanju v letih 2013 in 2014 glede na podatke zbrane v okviru populacijskega in distribucijskega monitoringa. Za tri vrste (močvirski krešič, rogač in alpski kozliček) smo izračunali populacijske trende in ugotovili zmeren upad populacije močvirskega krešiča ter stabilni populaciji tako rogača kot alpskega kozlička. Za alpskega in bukovega kozlička smo po zaključku petletnega ciklusa snemanja evalvirali shemo monitoringa in podali predloge izboljšave sheme za nadaljnji monitoring vrst. V poročilu so predstavljeni rezultati popisa v letih 2013 in 2014 za dopolnitev razširjenosti vrste puščavnika (Osmoderma eremita) in škrlatnega kukuja (Cucujus cinnaberinus). Glavni namen pričujoče naloge je bilo tudi testiranje metode lova puščavnika v letu 2014. Poznavanje razširjenosti škrlatnega kukuja (Cucujus cinnaberinus) v zahodni Sloveniji je slabše, zato je bila izvedena dodatna raziskava razširjenosti. Glede na dosedanja vedenja o populacijah vseh že potrjenih vrst hroščev evropskega varstvenega pomena pri nas, podajamo nekaj smernic nujnih raziskav, ki bi jih bilo potrebno iz tega naslova izvesti v Sloveniji. Pri tem smo se osredotočili le na dejansko potrjene vrste.
Keywords: hrošči, monitoring, ekologija
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 287; Downloads: 414
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658. Vzpostavitev in izvajanje monitoringa koščaka (Austropotamobius torrentium) in koščenca (Austropotamobius pallipes) v letih 2014 in 2015 : projekt ʺVzpostavitev in izvajanje monitoringa populacij izbranih ciljnih vrst rakov v letih 2014 in 2015ʺMarijan Govedič, Aleksandra Lešnik, Vesna Grobelnik, Ali Šalamun, Al Vrezec, Martina Jaklič, Špela Ambrožič Ergaver, Andrej Kapla, 2015, final research report Abstract: V okviru naloge “Dodatne raziskave kvalifikacijskih vrst Natura 2000 ter vzpostavitev in izvajanje monitoringa ciljnih vrst rakov v letu 2010 in 2011 (končno poročilo)”, ki jo je po naročilu Ministrstva RS za okolje in prostor izvajal Center za kartografijo favne in flore s sodelovanjem Nacionalnega inštituta za biologijo in zunanjih sodelavcev (Govedič in sod. 2011) je bil predlagan okvirni načrt monitoringa potočnih rakov v Sloveniji. Večji del raziskav je bil takrat opravljen za namene opredelitve novih Natura 2000 območij za koščaka (Austropotamobius torrentium). Večina predlaganih območij iz leta 2011 (Govedič in sod. 2011) je bila v letu 2013 tudi vključena v razširjeno omrežje Natura 2000 (Uradni list RS 33/2013) in kasneje potrjena na Biogeografskem seminarju leta 2014.
V okviru sedanje naloge “Vzpostavitev in izvajanje monitoringa populacij izbranih ciljnih vrst rakov v letih 2014 in 2015” smo izdelali končno metodologijo monitoringa potočnih rakov v Sloveniji, večinoma pa smo sledili predlogu iz leta 2011 (Govedič in sod. 2011). V poročilu so predstavljeni rezultati terenskega dela. Analize populacijskih in distribucijskih trendov še niso mogoče, interpretirali pa smo nekatere izstopajoče rezultate. Glede na prejšnja poročila monitoringa (Govedič in sod. 2007, 2011) smo dopolnili glavne dejavnike ogrožanja potočnih rakov v Sloveniji s predlogi uvedbe nujnega spremljanja v Sloveniji najbolj perečih dejavnikov kot podporo upravljanju območij Natura 2000 za potočne rake.
Keywords: raki, razširjenost, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 285; Downloads: 578
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659. Review of the Commission Decision 2010/477/EU concerning MSFD criteria for assessing good environmental status : JRC technical reportVictoria Tornero, G. Hanke, Andra Oros, Andreja Ramšak, Oliver Bajt, 2015, final research report Abstract: This report represents the result of the scientific and technical review of Commission Decision 2010/477/EU in relation to Descriptor 8. The review has been carried out by the EC JRC together with experts nominated by EU Member States, and has considered contributions from the GES Working Group in accordance with the roadmap set out in the MSFD implementation strategy (agreed on at the 11th CIS MSCG meeting). The report is one of a series of reports (review manuals) including Descriptor 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 that conclude phase 1 of the review process and, as agreed within the MSFD Common Implementation Strategy, are the basis for review phase 2, towards an eventual revision of the Commission Decision 2010/477/EU. The report presents the state of the technical discussions as of 30 April 2015 (document version 8.0: ComDecRev_D8_V8), as some discussions are ongoing, it does not contain agreed conclusions on all issues. The views expressed in the document do not necessarily represent the views of the European Commission.
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 223; Downloads: 182
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660. Raziskave ribjih združb v akvatoriju Krajinskega parka Strunjan : zaključno poročilo 2015Lovrenc Lipej, Borut Mavrič, Martina Orlando-Bonaca, Jernej Uhan, Tihomir Makovec, Domen Trkov, final research report Abstract: Javni zavod Krajinski park Strunjan (v nadaljevanju KPS) je v okviru projekta Sustainable management of artisanal fisheries in the Strunjan Nature Reserve načrtoval projektne aktivnosti, ki jih je zaupal v izvedbo strokovnjakom iz Morske biološke postaje Nacionalnega inštituta za biologijo. Te aktivnosti so:
a) priprava srečanja s profesionalnimi ribiči, ki sodelujejo pri projektu in seznanitev z ribjo biodiverziteto na območju KPS,
b) predstavitev izsledkov primerjalne študije skupnosti ribičev, ki sodelujejo na projektu ter izvedencem ribiške stroke in
c) predstavitev izsledkov primerjalne študije na znanstvenih in strokovnih srečanjih.
d) analiza ribjega ulova, pridobljenega z načrtnim izlovom v akvatoriju KPS in pred njim, primerjava dobljenih podatkov s podatki opazovalnih cenzusev z namenom ugotavljanja rezidenčnosti posameznih vrst,
e) izvajanje opazovalnega cenzusa za popisovanje obrežne ribje favne in opredelitev gostote ribjih vrst v danem okolju (popis obrežne ribje favne in pridobitev naslednjih podatkov. Seznam vrst, gostoto vrst, podatke o življenjskem okolju določenih vrst,
f) Dopolnitev seznama ribjih vrst znotraj zavarovanega območja in v neposredni bližini s primerjavo podatkov o rezidentnih, tranzicijskih, rednih in naključnih vrstah.
Pričujoče poročilo obravnava vse zgoraj navedene točke, razen točk a, b in c, ki se nanašajo na predavanja za ribiče v smislu popisovanja ribje združbe v akvatoriju KPS predstavitve rezultatov ribičem in izvedencem.
Keywords: ekologija, morje, habitatni tipi, biocenoze, ribe, ribolov, Krajinski park Strunjan, paralelni transekti, ribištvo, vertikalni transekti, obalno morje, zavarovana morska območja, biodiverziteta
Published in DiRROS: 16.09.2024; Views: 280; Downloads: 478
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