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Abstract: The scheme of engineering-construction assessment created based on engineering-geological zoning of the city’s territory is desirable among additional graphic materials in the design of master plans projects as determined by building regulations. Engineering-geological zoning provides for different ranks’ selection of engineering-geological units (EG units), which have a particular range of common engineering-geological conditions that ultimately determine the construction sites’ affiliation to a specific suitability category. Geological-genetic structure of Irpin city of Kyiv region (Ukraine) is explored in this article. A variant of the creation of a large-scale engineering-geological map and corresponding geological-lithological sections by supporting boreholes in the borders of the city based on the engineering-geological survey conducted is presented. The obtained result allowed the selection of engineering geological zoning units – engineering geological districts by general conditions of geological development and subdistricts by engineering-geological complexes of Quaternary rocks’ thickness. The analysis of soils’ geomechanical properties (engineering-geological elements) lays the foundations for the selection of engineering-geological sites based on the comparison of this information with geomorphological, hydrogeological and geodynamic data. Accounting of geological-lithological factors in the preparation of the construction assessment scheme in the project of Irpin city’s master plan has become the ultimate result.
Keywords: engineering-geological zoning, engineering-geological units, geological-genetic structure, engineering-geological map, construction assessment
Published in DiRROS: 15.01.2024; Views: 352; Downloads: 159
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Abstract: The use of geothermal energy, which comes from both deep geothermal systems and the shallow underground, has been developing rapidly in the last few decades. The purpose of the paper is to present the results of measurements of the thermal properties of all rock samples and sediments that were available from boreholes, two tunnels and numerous surface locations in Slovenia in the period from 1982 to the end of 2022. In relation to the shallow geothermal potential, a special effort is needed to characterize the thermal properties of the rocks and sediments and to implement thermal energy transfer technology. In this sense, knowledge of the thermal conductivity of rocks and sediments is required to assess the possibility of low-enthalpy heat exchange in a given local area. The largest number of measurements was taken to determine thermal conductivity. Determinations of thermal diffusivity were carried out on a much smaller number of rock and sediment samples, as well as determinations of radiogenic heat production in rocks. The results of thermal conductivity measurements on 430 samples from 119 wells, 20 samples from two tunnels and 156 samples from surface locations are shown. The highest thermal conductivities are shown by samples of dolomite, quartz conglomerate and conglomerate, phyllonite, quartz phyllite and gneiss, while the lowest are measured in sediments such as clay, lignite with clay, peat and dry sand. The determined radioactive heat generation is the lowest for milonitized dolomite and highest for dark grey sandstone with shale clasts. Our results are comparable to those already published worldwide, and they could be the basis for the possible future Slovenian standard for the thermal properties of measured rocks and sediments.
Keywords: thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, borehole, tunnel, surface, rock, sediment, radioactive heat generation, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 15.01.2024; Views: 302; Downloads: 143
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Abstract: Investigations of an Lower Carnian Wettersteinkalk ammonoid fauna found in the Hochobir massif (Carinthia/Austria) gave rise to problems in the taxonomic relationship within the Triassic ammonoid Family Pinacoceratidae. The morphological parameters of the ammonoid genus Pompeckjites are rather unclear. Morphological variation of at least two ammonoid species as Pompeckjites layeri Hauer on one end, Placites urlichsi Bizzarini on the other end have to be take into account. Numerous field surveys, studies and excavations on upper Wettersteinkalk sites within the Karavank Mountains and Hallstatt-facies sites in the Northern Calcareous Alps were implemented and compared with the reference sites in the Dolomites. As a consequence of our investigations, the Hochobir Wettersteinkalk ammonite assemblage is thought to be equivalent in time to the ammonoid fauna of the Upper San Cassian Formation. The frequent occurrence of the Julian (Lower Carnian) ammonoid Placites urlichsi Bizzarini may be a powerful tool in field investigations for a refined correlation of the upper Wettersteinkalk reef limestone to the coeval basinal facies of the Upper San Cassian Formation (Lower Carnian/upper Trachyceras aonoides Zone). As a result of this study Placites urlichsi was included in the genus Pompeckjites. This paper could be an attempt to recognize the differences in juvenile forms of Pompeckjites layeri and Placites urlichsi and other similar disciform ammonoid genera like Carnites floridus and Sageceras sp. Based on suture lines, polished transversal-sections and morphological features.
Keywords: ammonoids, Triassic, Carnian, Wettersteinkalk, Bleiberger Sonderfazies, Upper San Cassian Formation
Published in DiRROS: 15.01.2024; Views: 314; Downloads: 77
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Abstract: Leta 1981–1983 je bilo na Rudniku Žirovski vrh pred pričetkom redne proizvodnje izvedeno poskusno odkopavanje uranove rude za preverjanje metod geološke in radiometrične kontrole ter tehničnih metod pridobivanja. Poskusni odkop je bil v bloku 1, na skrajnem severozahodnem delu rudišča v zgornji gubi dvojne S strukture. V tem bloku se je orudenje nahajalo samo v horizontu sivega peščenjaka debeline 20–30 m. Z geološko spremljavo odkopavanja smo potrdili, da so bili peščenjaki odloženi v sekvencah debelih od par dm do več kot 2 m. Sekvenca je običajno pričenjala z debelozrnatim peščenjakom, večkrat so bili na bazi prisotni še klasti kremena in muljevca. Navzgor je debelozrnat peščenjak pogosto prehajal v srednjezrnatega, redkeje pa še v drobnozrnatega in meljevec. V peščenjakih je bila značilna prisotnost organskih drobcev, ki so v diagenezi ustvarjali redukcijsko okolje v katerem se je iz podtalnice izločal uran. Najpogosteje se je orudenje nahajalo v debelozrnatih peščenjakih, običajno v debelejših sekvencah. Orudenje se je zato pojavljalo v več nivojih debelih navadno pod 1m, kjer se je združevalo je skupna debelina presegla tudi 5 m. Dolžina sklenjenega orudenja v vzdolžni smeri je znašala do 150 m, širina od nekaj metrov do več kot 40 m. V vmesnih prekinitvah orudenja smo opazovali, da so peščenjaki iz temnosive in sive barve prehajali v svetlosive in zelenosive, ki so bili le siromašno orudeni ali jalovi. V vzdolžni smeri se je tak prehod zgodil med prerezi P-35 in P-35a, kjer se je tudi zaključilo odkopavanje. V jami sta bila raziskana še prereza P-36 in P-37, kjer pa se je pojavljal pretežno zelenosiv peščenjak z le redkimi lečami siromašnega orudenja. S površinskimi vrtinami sta bila dlje proti zahodu raziskana tudi še dva prereza oddaljena 1,3 in 2,8 km od jamske zgradbe. V teh vrtinah je bilo ugotovljeno nastopanje sivih in zelenosivih peščenjakov z zelo redkimi sledovi orudenja, ki so se menjavali z bolj drobnozrnatimi različki (muljevci), ostanki organske snovi pa so bili v njih zelo redki. Blok 1 je bil zato mejni blok na SZ strani rudišča, predviden za pridobivanje.
Keywords: uranova ruda, poskusno odkopavanje, grödenske klastične kamnine, Žirovski vrh
Published in DiRROS: 15.01.2024; Views: 257; Downloads: 70
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Abstract: The Kvarner fault divides the Microadria (Adria microplate, the Adria stable core) into the Po and Adria segments. The Istra block, which is sandwiched between the right-lateral Kvarner Fault and the left-lateral Sistiana Fault lies at the extreme eastern edge of the Po segment. Both faults run transversely to the Dinarides and reach their thrust boundary in the east. The Microadria has been moving towards the Dinarides since the Middle Miocene. The movement of the Istra block is exposed in relation to the neighbouring blocks, so an extensive pushed area (the Istra Pushed Area) was formed in the External Dinarides, which is bent towards the northeast. It is defined by two flexural zones, one lying in the extension of the Sistiana Fault and the other in the extension of the Kvarner Fault. The structure of the Dinaric thrust border on the north-eastern side of the Istra block is complex. Its prominent structural element is the Črni Kal Anomaly, due to which a zone of increased compression developed within the Istra Pushed Area and transversely to the Dinarides (Kraški rob – Hrušica Traverse), which lies between the Sistiana and Kvarner Flexural Zones. In terms of kinematics, it differs greatly from these two, and various geomorphologically responsive deformations have occurred within it. Mt. Vremščica (1027 m), which represents a transpressive anticline within the wider zone of the Raša Fault is the most prominent. In order to understand the genesis of the Classical Karst relief, it is important to know that the Mt. Vremščica ridge rose from the levelled karst surface.
Keywords: NE Microadria (Adria Microplate), Istra peninsula, Istra Pushed Area, Črni Kal Anomaly, Kraški rob – Mt. Hrušica Traverse, stacked structure, envelope fault
Published in DiRROS: 15.01.2024; Views: 440; Downloads: 177
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