1. Visokogorska jezera v vzhodnem delu Julijskih Alp2002, scientific monograph Abstract: V knjigi, ki prinaša celovito predstavitev naših visokogorskih jezer, oceno njihovega ekološkega stanja in razlago dogajanj v njih skozi zgodovino, so zbrani rezultati več kot desetletnih raziskav 18 avtorjev. V delu je podan geografski opis in nastanek visokogorskih jezer, hidrološke povezave med njimi ter fizikalne in kemijske lastnosti jezerske vode. Opisano je življenje v njih in spremembe, ki so jih jezera doživela v zadnjih stoletjih, opozorjeno pa je tudi na problem onesnaževanja visokogorja.
Keywords: fizična geografija, hidrologija, rastlinstvo, živalstvo, onesnaževanje voda
Published in DiRROS: 09.08.2024; Views: 46; Downloads: 48
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3. Modeling the ocean and atmosphere during an extreme bora event in northern Adriatic using one-way and two-way atmosphere-ocean couplingMatjaž Ličer, Peter Smerkol, Anja Fettich, Michalis Ravdas, Alexandros Papapostolou, Anneta Mantziafou, Benedikt Strajnar, Jure Cedilnik, Maja Jeromel, Jure Jerman, Sašo Petan, Vlado Malačič, Sarantis Sofianos, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: We have studied the performances of (a) a two-way coupled atmosphere%ocean modeling system and (b) one-way coupled ocean model (forced by the atmosphere model), as compared to the available in situ measurements during and after a strong Adriatic bora wind event in February 2012, which led to extreme air%sea interactions. The simulations span the period between January and March 2012. The models used were ALADIN (Aire Limitée Adaptation dynamique Développement InterNational) (4.4 km resolution) on the atmosphere side and an Adriatic setup of Princeton ocean model (POM) (1%=30%1%=30 angular resolution) on the ocean side. The atmosphere%ocean coupling was implemented using the OASIS3-MCT model coupling toolkit. Two-way coupling ocean feedback to the atmosphere is limited to sea surface temperature. We have compared modeled atmosphere%ocean fluxes and sea temperatures from both setups to platform and CTD (conductivity, temperature, and depth) measurements from three locations in the northern Adriatic.We present objective verification of 2m atmosphere temperature forecasts using mean bias and standard deviation of errors scores from 23 meteorological stations in the eastern part of Italy. We show that turbulent fluxes from both setups differ up to 20° during the bora but not significantly before and after the event. When compared to observations, two-way coupling ocean temperatures exhibit a 4 times lower root mean square errors (RMSE) than those from one-way coupled system. Two-way coupling improves sensible heat fluxes at all stations but does not improve latent heat loss. The spatial average of the two-way coupled atmosphere component is up to 0.3 °C colder than the one-way coupled setup, which is an improvement for prognostic lead times up to 20 h. Daily spatial average of the standard deviation of air temperature errors shows 0.15 °C improvement in the case of coupled system compared to the uncoupled. Coupled and uncoupled circulations in the northern Adriatic are predominantly wind-driven and show no significant mesoscale differences.
Keywords: sea, marine water, numerical modeling, physical oceanography, dense water, bora wind, Adriatic sea, Mediterranean sea, Adriatic shelf
Published in DiRROS: 26.07.2024; Views: 102; Downloads: 86
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4. Large ring test for evaluation of restrained shrinkage cracking : calibration and experimental trialZhongyu Xu, Lucija Hanžič, Harry Asche, Jurij Karlovšek, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: The durability of shotcrete tunnel linings is significantly affected by restrained shrinkage cracking. Given the unique characteristics of shotcrete applied in tunnel linings, especially when dealing with accelerated shotcrete containing reinforcement fibres, it is necessary to upscale the ring test commonly used. This paper presents a comprehensive experiment using large ring tests with cast concrete to investigate the impact of upscaling ring test geometry. The two ring specimens demonstrated comparable cracking age (22 days) and strain measured in the steel ring, suggesting that consistent results can be obtained through the proposed instrumentation, calibration, and correction methods. Moreover, the estimated induced tensile stresses of the concrete rings (2.8 and 2.7 MPa) are slightly lower than the predicted tensile strength (3.3 MPa) at the age of cracking, which indicates that some driving forces contributing to restrained shrinkage cracking were not indicated in the strain gauge readings. Furthermore, the study identified multi-crack formation and additional potential causes for crack initiation, which include self-restraint due to the moisture gradient in the vertical direction, deflection of the concrete ring caused by its self-weight, and friction on the contact surface of the support. Therefore, optimising the geometry of the ring specimens and the apparatus is imperative to minimise additional driving forces and unmeasurable restraints for crack initiation, especially when employing the stress rate method to assess cracking potential.
Keywords: concrete, restrained shrinkage, tunnel lining, large ring test
Published in DiRROS: 22.07.2024; Views: 114; Downloads: 131
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6. Integrated sea storm management strategy : the 29 October 2018 event in the Adriatic SeaChristian Ferrarin, Andrea Valentini, Martin Vodopivec, Dijana Klaric, Giovanni Massaro, Marco Bajo, Francesca De Pascalis, Amedeo Fadini, Michol Ghezzo, Stefano Menegon, Lidia Bressan, Silvia Unguendoli, Anja Fettich, Jure Jerman, Matjaž Ličer, Lidija Fustar, Alvise Papa, Enrico Carraro, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Addressing coastal risks related to sea storms requires an integrative approach which combines monitoring stations, forecasting models, early warning systems, and coastal management and planning. Such great effort is sometimes possible only through transnational cooperation, which becomes thus vital to face, effectively and promptly, the marine events which are responsible for damage impacting the environment and citizens' life. Here we present a shared and interoperable system to allow a better exchange of and elaboration on information related to sea storms among countries. The proposed integrated web system (IWS) is a combination of a common data system for sharing ocean observations and forecasts, a multi-model ensemble system, a geoportal, and interactive geo-visualisation tools to make results available to the general public. The multi-model ensemble mean and spread for sea level height and wave characteristics are used to describe three different sea condition scenarios. The IWS is designed to provide sea state information required for issuing coastal risk alerts over the analysed region as well as for being easily integrated into existing local early warning systems. This study describes the application of the developed system to the exceptional storm event of 29 October 2018 that caused severe flooding and damage to coastal infrastructure in the Adriatic Sea. The forecasted ensemble products were successfully compared with in situ observations. The hazards estimated by integrating IWS results in existing early warning systems were confirmed by documented storm impacts along the coast of Slovenia, Emilia-Romagna and the city of Venice. For the investigated event, the most severe simulated scenario results provide a realistic and conservative estimation of the peak storm conditions to be used in coastal risk management.
Keywords: sea storms, integrated web system (IWS)
Published in DiRROS: 19.07.2024; Views: 98; Downloads: 100
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7. Sorafenib for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma : a single-centre real-world studyJurij Hanžel, Tajda Božič, Borut Štabuc, Rado Janša, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Background Sorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Its efficacy in randomised controlled trials was demonstrated in patients with well-preserved liver function and good functional status. In the real-world setting, treatment is often offered to patients outside these criteria. We therefore performed a single-centre real-world cohort study on the efficacy of sorafenib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and methods We identified all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma initiating treatment with sorafenib between January 2015 and January 2018. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) since starting sorafenib. Clinical and demographic variables associated with survival were studied. Results The median OS was 13.4 months (95% CI 8.2%18.6). Multivariable Cox%s regression identified worse ECOG performance status (HR 2.21; 95% CI 1.56%3.16; P < 0.0001), Child-Pugh class C (HR 52.4; 95% CI 3.20%859; P = 0.005) and absence of prior locoregional treatment (HR 2.30; 95% CI 1.37%3.86; P = 0.002) to be associated with increased mortality. Conclusions Careful selection of patients for treatment with sorafenib is of paramount importance to optimize outcomes.
Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, survival, sorafenib
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Views: 115; Downloads: 69
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8. Synergetic boost of functional properties near critical end points in antiferroelectric systemsVida Jurečič, Lovro Fulanović, Jurij Koruza, Vid Bobnar, Nikola Novak, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: The increase of the dielectric permittivity with an electric field and enhanced energy storage properties make antiferroelectrics very attractive for high-power electronic applications needed in emerging green energy technologies and neuromorphic computing platforms. Their exceptional functional properties are closely related to the electric field-induced antiferroelectric↔ferroelectric phase transition, which can be driven toward a critical end point by manipulation with an external electric field. The critical fluctuation of physical properties at the critical end point in ferroelectrics is a promising approach to improve their functional properties. Here, we demonstrate the existence of two critical end points in antiferroelectric ceramics with a ferroelectric-antiferroelectric-paraelectric phase sequence, using the model system Pb 0.99 Nb 0.02 [ ( Zr 0.57 Sn 0.43 ) 0.92 Ti 0.08 ] 0.98 O 3 . The critical fluctuation of the dielectric permittivity in the proximity of the antiferroelectric-to-paraelectric critical end point is responsible for the strong enhancement of the dielectric tunability (by a factor of > 2 ) measured at ≈ 395 K. The enhancement of the energy storage density at ≈ 370 K is related to the proximity of the ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric critical end point. These findings open possibilities for material design and pave the way for the next generation of high-energy storage materials.
Keywords: electronic applications, high-power electronic, green energy, electric field
Published in DiRROS: 10.07.2024; Views: 146; Downloads: 97
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10. Exploring the safety of cannabidiol (CBD) : a comprehensive in vitro evaluation of the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of a CBD isolate and extract from Cannabis sativa LAlja Štern, Matjaž Novak, Katja Kološa, Jurij Trontelj, Sonja Žabkar, Tjaša Šentjurc, Metka Filipič, Bojana Žegura, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Cannabidiol (CBD), a naturally occurring cyclic terpenoid found in Cannabis sativa L., is renowned for its diverse
pharmacological benefits. Marketed as a remedy for various health issues, CBD products are utilized by patients
as a supplementary therapy or post-treatment failure, as well as by healthy individuals seeking promised advantages. Despite its widespread use, information regarding potential adverse effects, especially genotoxic
properties, is limited. The present study is focused on the mutagenic and genotoxic activity of a CBD isolate
(99.4 % CBD content) and CBD-rich Cannabis sativa L extract (63.6 % CBD content) in vitro. Both CBD samples
were non-mutagenic, as determined by the AMES test (OECD 471) but exhibited cytotoxicity for HepG2 cells
(~IC50 (4 h) 26 µg/ml, ~IC50 (24 h) 6–8 µg/ml, MTT assay). Noncytotoxic concentrations induced upregulation of
genes encoding metabolic enzymes involved in CBD metabolism, and CBD oxidative as well as glucuronide
metabolites were found in cell culture media, demonstrating the ability of HepG2 cells to metabolize CBD. In this
study, the CBD samples were found non-genotoxic. No DNA damage was observed with the comet assay, and no
influence on genomic instability was observed with the cytokinesis block micronucleus and the γH2AX and p-H3
assays. Furthermore, no changes in the expression of genes involved in genotoxic stress response were detected in
the toxicogenomic analysis, after 4 and 24 h of exposure. Our comprehensive study contributes valuable insights
into CBD’s safety profile, paving the way for further exploration of CBD’s therapeutic applications and potential
adverse effects.
Keywords: cannabidiol, CBD, metabolism, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity
Published in DiRROS: 09.07.2024; Views: 126; Downloads: 129
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