61. Fat mass to fat- free mass ratio and body composition in participants with chronic leg problemsMihaela Jurdana, Ana Tomažič, Boštjan Žvanut, 2022, original scientific article Keywords: fat-mass, fat-free mass, waist circumference, older adults, knee, hip
Published in DiRROS: 20.04.2023; Views: 309; Downloads: 200
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62. Interleukin-18 is a potential biomarker linking dietary fatty acid quality and insulin resistance : results from a cross-sectional study in Northern ItalyDomenico Sergi, Juana Maria Sanz, Stefano Lazzer, Gloria Brombo, Giovanni Zuliani, Gianni Biolo, Boštjan Šimunič, Rado Pišot, Edoardo Dalla Nora, Angelina Passaro, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Dietary lipids are pivotal in modulating metabolic inflammation. Among the inflammatory mediators characterizing metabolic inflammation, interleukin 18 (IL-18) has been consistently associated with obesity and insulin resistance. This study aims to evaluate whether the quality of lipid intake impacts upon IL-18 plasma levels and the implications on insulin resistance computed by the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Using a cross-sectional design, this study confirmed that IL-18 correlated positively with insulin resistance and individuals with a HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5 displayed higher circulating IL-18 levels compared with their insulin-sensitive counterparts. In terms of the effect of the quality of dietary lipids on IL-18 circulating levels, the ratio between monounsaturated, omega-3, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids as well as the intake of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids correlated negatively with IL-18. Despite this, IL-18 circulating levels, but not dietary fatty acid quality, predicted insulin resistance. Nevertheless, the ratio between omega 3 and saturated fatty acids was a predictor of IL-18 plasma levels. Thus, the downregulation of IL-18 may underpin, at least partially, the beneficial metabolic effects of substituting omega 3 for saturated fatty acids with this cytokine potentially representing a biomarker linking dietary lipids and metabolic outcomes.
Published in DiRROS: 14.04.2023; Views: 448; Downloads: 192
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63. Optimal sensor set for decoding motor imagery from EEGArnau Dillen, Fakhreddine Ghaffari, Olivier Romain, Bram Vanderborght, Uroš Marušič, Sidney Grosprêtre, Ann Nowé, Romain Meeusen, Kevin De Pauw, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to enable individuals to interact with devices by detecting their intention from brain activity. A common approach to BCI is to decode movement intention from motor imagery (MI), the mental representation of an overt action. However, research-grade electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition devices with a high number of sensors are typically necessary to achieve the spatial resolution required for reliable analysis. This entails high monetary and computational costs that make these approaches impractical for everyday use. This study investigates the trade-off between accuracy and complexity when decoding MI from fewer EEG sensors. Data were acquired from 15 healthy participants performing MI with a 64-channel research-grade EEG device. After performing a quality assessment by identifying visually evoked potentials, several decoding pipelines were trained on these data using different subsets of electrode locations. No significant differences (p = [0.18–0.91]) in the average decoding accuracy were found when using a reduced number of sensors. Therefore, decoding MI from a limited number of sensors is feasible. Hence, using commercial sensor devices for this purpose should be attainable, reducing both monetary and computational costs for BCI control.
Keywords: brain-computer interface, motor imagery, feature reduction, electroencephalogram, machine learning
Published in DiRROS: 03.04.2023; Views: 466; Downloads: 191
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64. Stroop in motion : neurodynamic modulation underlying interference control while sitting, standing, and walkingManca Peskar, Nina Omejc, Maja Maša Šömen, Aleksandar Miladinović, Klaus Gramann, Uroš Marušič, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: There is conflicting evidence about how interference control in healthy adults is affected by walking as compared to standing or sitting. Although the Stroop paradigm is one of the best-studied paradigms to investigate interference control, the neurodynamics associated with the Stroop task during walking have never been studied. We investigated three Stroop tasks using variants with increasing interference levels – word-reading, ink-naming, and the switching of the two tasks, combined in a systematic dual-tasking fashion with three motor conditions – sitting, standing, and treadmill walking. Neurodynamics underlying interference control were recorded using the electroencephalogram. Worsened performance was observed for the incongruent compared to congruent trials and for the switching Stroop compared to the other two variants. The early frontocentral event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with executive functions (P2, N2) differentially signaled posture-related workloads, while the later stages of information processing indexed faster interference suppression and response selection in walking compared to static conditions. The early P2 and N2 components as well as frontocentral Theta and parietal Alpha power were sensitive to increasing workloads on the motor and cognitive systems. The distinction between the type of load (motor and cognitive) became evident only in the later posterior ERP components in which the amplitude non-uniformly reflected the relative attentional demand of a task. Our data suggest that walking might facilitate selective attention and interference control in healthy adults. Existing interpretations of ERP components recorded in stationary settings should be considered with care as they might not be directly transferable to mobile settings.
Keywords: Stroop task, mobile brain imaging, mobile body imaging, event-related potential, dual tasking
Published in DiRROS: 29.03.2023; Views: 413; Downloads: 263
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65. Mapping dreams in a computational space : a phrase-level model for analyzing Fight/Flight and other typical situations in dream reportsMaja Gutman, Pavan Holur, Kelly Bulkeley, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: This article demonstrates that an automated system of linguistic analysis can be developed – the Oneirograph – to analyze large collections of dreams and computationally map their contents in terms of typical situations involving an interplay of characters, activities, and settings. Focusing the analysis first on the twin situations of fighting and fleeing, the results provide densely detailed empirical evidence of the underlying semantic structures of typical dreams. The results also indicate that the Oneirograph analytic system can be applied to other typical dream situations as well (e.g., flying, falling), each of which can be computationally mapped in terms of a distinctive constellation of characters, activities, and settings.
Keywords: dreams, patterns, natural language processing, Oneirograph, network analysis, semantic structure
Published in DiRROS: 22.03.2023; Views: 355; Downloads: 204
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66. Report on the EASS & ISSA 2022 World Congress of sport sociology, Tübingen, Germany, 7-10 June 2022Saša Pišot, 2022, other component parts Keywords: sport, sociology, society, conferences, reports
Published in DiRROS: 03.03.2023; Views: 349; Downloads: 205
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67. Having fun while learning, SKI EASY Snow day : 1st SKI EASY multiplier sport event, Pamporovo, Bulgaria, 14-16 March 2022Saša Pišot, 2022, other component parts Keywords: skiing, training, learning, projects, Snow day
Published in DiRROS: 03.03.2023; Views: 385; Downloads: 199
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68. Report of 4th International SPE Balkan Ski Conference, Pamporovo ski resort, Bulgaria, 13-17 March 2022Kaja Teraž, Rado Pišot, 2022, other component parts Keywords: skiing, training, conference, Balkan Ski, reports
Published in DiRROS: 03.03.2023; Views: 422; Downloads: 225
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