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Title:Uporaba testov HPV DNK za presejanje za raka materničnega vratu
Authors:ID Rebolj, Matejka (Author)
Files:.pdf PDF - Presentation file, download (166,86 KB)
MD5: C5DE332EEBF0C4A255387ABBB5C79EF1
PID: 20.500.12556/dirros/55ac841f-c328-4d97-ae87-d683d1029f53
 
Language:Slovenian
Typology:1.04 - Professional Article
Organization:Logo OI - Institute of Oncology
Abstract:Okužba z onkogenimi tipi humanih papilomavirusov (HPV) je potreben pogoj za razvoj raka materničnega vratu. Zaradi dolgoletne uporabe citoloških brisov se je incidenca tega raka zmanjšala, a kljub temu bi bilo treba najti nov presejalni test, ki bi bil občutljivejši za progresivne predrakave spremembe, cervikalno intraepitelialno neoplazijo (CIN). Med te teste spadajo testi HPV DNK. V tem članku so opisane njihove značilnosti, kakor jih je mogoče presoditi na podlagi vseh 8 randomiziranih kontroliranih raziskav z objavljenimi podatki, ki so primerjale uporabo testov HPV s citološkimi brisi za primarno presejanje. Te raziskave so potrdile, da je mogoče na podlagi testov HPV diagnosticirati večje število ≥ CIN 3 kot na podlagi citoloških brisov, čeprav razlika v nekaterih od raziskav, tudi zaradi njihove velikosti, ni bila statistično značilna. Razveseljivo je, da večja občutljivost za ≥ CIN 3 verjetno pomeni tudi boljšo zaščito pred rakom materničnega vratu, čeprav ocena temelji na majhnem številu opazovanih primerov v vsaki izmed raziskav. Pri uporabi testov HPV bo večji izziv omejiti njihove neželene učinke. To so predvsem pogostejši napačno pozitivni testi (ki jih definiramo kot pozitivne presejalne teste brez diagnoze ≥ CIN 3 ali ≥ CIN 2) ter pogostejše diagnoze in morebitno zdravljenje manj nevarnih stopenj CIN (predvsem CIN 1, deloma tudi CIN 2). V tem članku so kritično ovrednoteni 3 pristopi k zmanjšanju bremena testov HPV v primerjavi s citološkimi brisi, in sicer uporaba triažnih testov pri ženskah s pozitivnimi presejalnimi testi HPV, omejitev uporabe testov HPV pri mlajših ženskah in sprememba mejne vrednosti, pri kateri se test HPV odčita kot pozitiven. Vsi ti pristopi imajo svoje prednosti in slabosti.
Keywords:maternični vrat, rak (medicina), preventivna medicina, papiloma virusi
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year of publishing:2011
Number of pages:str. 110-113
Numbering:Letn. 15, št. 2
PID:20.500.12556/DiRROS-8657 New window
UDC:616-006-07
ISSN on article:1408-1741
URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-2G5KDMVS
COBISS.SI-ID:29642201 New window
Copyright:by Authors
Note:BSDOCID163289;
Publication date in DiRROS:31.08.2018
Views:3544
Downloads:926
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Onkologija
Shortened title:Onkologija
Publisher:Onkološki inštitut
ISSN:1408-1741
COBISS.SI-ID:65324032 New window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:31.08.2018

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Use of the HPV DNA test for cervical cancer screening
Abstract:An infection with oncogenic types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary condition for development of cervical cancer. The incidence of cervical cancer has decreased over the years in line with the use of cytology screening. Nevertheless, cytology is not an optimally sensitive screening test for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and a more sensitive test would be beneficial. The aim of this paper was to describe the characteristics of HPV DNA tests as observed in all eight randomized controlled trials with published data that compared HPV tests and cytology in primary screening. These trials showed that the sensitivity of HPV tests for ≥CIN3 is higher than the sensitivity of cytology. In several trials, the higher sensitivity in the baseline screening rounds led to fewer diagnoses of cervical cancer by the subsequent screening round than was the case with cytology, although these observations were based on few cases per trial. It will be a greater challenge to limit the amount of extra unwanted side effects of HPV testing compared with cytology. These are predominantly false-positive tests, i.e. positive screening tests without a subsequent diagnosis of ≥CIN3, and extra diagnoses of CIN grades with a low probability of progression to cervical cancer, i.e. CIN1 and to some degree also CIN2. The three most widely discussed approaches to reducing the burden of the extra unwanted effects were discussed in this paper: the use of triage tests in women with positive HPV screening tests, the use of HPV tests from the age of 30 years onwards only, and a change in the threshold value for a positive HPV test. Each of these approaches is associated with distinct advantages and disadvantages.


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