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Title:Ekosistemska vloga, pomen in vplivi prostoživečih prežvekovalcev
Authors:ID Pokorny, Boštjan (Author)
ID Flajšman, Katarina (Author)
ID Al Sayegh-Petkovšek, Samar (Author)
Files:.pdf PDF - Presentation file, download (166,72 KB)
MD5: F97EA7BFE71A9C85F3FB62FD9C145938
PID: 20.500.12556/dirros/bec24dbb-febc-4417-b827-fc5acb29d775
 
Language:Slovenian
Typology:1.02 - Review Article
Organization:Logo ZGDS - Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije
Abstract:V Evropi živi okrog 15 milijonov osebkov prostoživečih prežvekovalcev (s skupno biomaso 610.000 ton), ki pripadajo dvajsetim vrstam; med njimi je deset domorodnih (v Sloveniji: evropska srna/srnjad, navadni jelen/ jelenjad in gams) ter deset tujerodnih (pri nas: damjak, muflon in alpski kozorog). Čeprav so nekatere podvrste redke in ogrožene, se prostorska razširjenost in številčnost večine vrst prostoživečih parkljarjev (prežvekovalcev in divjega prašiča) v zadnjih desetletjih večata povsod v Evropi, posledica česar so številni izzivi in priložnosti pri upravljanju populacij. Kljub nekaterim konfliktom, kot je škoda na kmetijskih površinah, poškodbe (in tudi škoda) v gozdovih ter vedno več trkov z vozili, so prostoživeči parkljarji v številnih državah prepoznani kot pomemben obnovljiv naravni oz. ekonomski vir (visokokakovostna divjačina, lovni turizem), imajo pomembno nematerialno (kulturno, estetsko, rekreacijsko) vlogo, kot ključne vrste v kopenskih ekosistemih pa pomembno vplivajo na biotsko raznolikost in razvoj kopenskih ekosistemov. Med drugim nudijo naslednje pomembne ekosistemske usluge: ustvarjanje pestrejših habitatnih razmer in dolgoročno večanje biotske raznolikosti, vpliv na kroženje in prostorsko premeščanje hranil, razširjanje rastlinskih semen (zoohorija), so pa tudi pomemben prehranski vir za velike zveri in mrhovinarje. Zaradi naštetih vlog so pomembni okoljski inženirji in so integralni, nepogrešljiv del ekosistemov in tudi njihovega upravljanja. Prisotnost, razširjenost in številčnost prostoživečih parkljarjev/prežvekovalcev je zato treba razumeti kot priložnost in pomemben obnovljiv naravni vir, ne pa kot okoljske motnje, populacije pa je treba upravljati upoštevaje spreminjajoče se naravno ter družbeno okolje.
Keywords:prostoživeči parkljarji, prežvekovalci, navadni jelen, evropska srna, ekosistemska vloga, upravljanje populacij
Year of publishing:2017
Number of pages:str. 360-372
Numbering:Letn. 75, št. 9
PID:20.500.12556/DiRROS-8108 New window
UDC:630*14+1630*50(045)=163.6
ISSN on article:0017-2723
COBISS.SI-ID:4894374 New window
Publication date in DiRROS:28.10.2017
Views:4024
Downloads:946
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Gozdarski vestnik : slovenska strokovna revija za gozdarstvo
Shortened title:Gozd. vestn.
Publisher:Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije
ISSN:0017-2723
COBISS.SI-ID:3736834 New window

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Ecological value, importance and impacts of wild ruminants
Abstract:In Europe, there are about 15 million individuals of wild ruminants (with a total biomass of 610,000 tons), belonging to 20 species; ten of them are indigenous (in Slovenia: European roe deer, red deer, and Alpine chamois), and ten are alien (in Slovenia: fallow deer, mouflon, and Alpine ibex). Although some subspecies are rare and/ or endangered, spatial distribution and abundance of the majority of species of wild ungulates (ruminants and wild boar) have increased all over Europe in the last years, which results in several challenges and opportunities in population management. Despite some conflicts, e.g. damage on agricultural land, impacts (and also damage) in forests, and increasing number of collisions with vehicles, wild ungulates are an important renewable natural and economical resource (e.g. high quality venison, source of hunting tourism), they have an important non- -consumptive (e.g. cultural, aesthetic, recreational) value, and as key species they have an important impact on biodiversity and development of terrestrial ecosystems. Among others, they provide several important ecosystem services as follows: creation of more heterogeneous habitats and long-term increase of biodiversity, impact on cycling and spatial mobility of nutrients, spreading of plant seeds (zoohory), and they also represent an important prey species for large carnivores and scavengers. Due to the mentioned roles they are important environmental engineers and an integral, vital part of both ecosystems and their management. Presence, distribution, and abundance of wild ungulates/ruminants should therefore be considered as an opportunity and important renewable natural resource rather than a disturbance, and populations should be managed with regard to the changing natural and social environment.
Keywords:wild ungulates, ruminants, red deer, European roe deer, ecological role, population management


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