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Title:Priporočila za uporabo različnih biotehniških metod in kemičnih sredstev za obvladovanje podlubnikov (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors:ID Jurc, Maja (Author)
ID Pavlin, Roman (Author)
ID Kavčič, Andreja (Author)
ID De Groot, Maarten (Author)
ID Hauptman, Tine (Author)
Files:.pdf PDF - Presentation file, download (5,00 MB)
MD5: 26C60235EDC39B2D3082E3C9DFF58120
PID: 20.500.12556/dirros/d4808820-6a74-4527-967b-a124b2991947
 
Language:Slovenian
Typology:1.04 - Professional Article
Organization:Logo ZGDS - Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije
Abstract:V zadnjih desetletjih se v Sloveniji vrstijo številni ekstremni vremenski dogodki, med katerimi sta imela največje razsežnosti in posledice stoletna suša leta 2003 ter žledolom februarja 2014. Klimatologi napovedujejo pojave suš in večjih ujm v Evropi tudi mehanske in fiziološke poškodbe gozdnega drevja. Zlasti v nižinskih sestojih navadne smreke (Picea abies) lahko v prihodnosti pričakujemo tudi večje poškodbe zaradi biotskih dejavnikov, kot so Ips typographus, Pityogenes chalcographus, drugi podlubniki, domači fitoparaziti in invazivni tujerodni škodljivi organizmi. Na področju integralnega varstva gozda (IVG) smo pred novimi strokovnimi izzivi uporabe novega znanja o abiotskih in biotskih poškodbah gozda pri nas in v tujini, hitremu spreminjanju vremenskih razmer v okolju ter vse večjega vnosa tujerodnih škodljivih invazivnih vrst v gozdove. Ta dejstva terjajo razvoj in implikacijo sodobnih strategij IVG (SSIVG). V prispevku obravnavamo pomemben segment IVG: primernost uporabe različnih biotehniških metod in kemičnih sredstev za obvladovanje podlubnikov. Zaradi namnožitve podlubnikov je potrebno izvajanje vseh ukrepov integralnega varstva gozdov. Prednostno in vse leto je treba opravljati sanitarni posek lubadark in odstranjevati s podlubniki napadena drevesa iz gozda, ki mu sledi uničenje podlubnikov. Izjemno pomembna je pravočasnost izvedbe ukrepov, pred izletom nove generacije hroščev, kar terja ustrezno tehnično podporo, usklajenost in dobro organizacijo vseh izvajalcev del. Kot dodatni ukrep za zmanjševanje škode zaradi podlubnikov je na najbolj ogroženih območjih smiselno povečati število feromonskih pasti in nastav v obliki lovnih dreves, lovnih debel in lovnih kupov. Pasti in nastave bi tako uporabljali tudi za zatiranje podlubnikov, vendar le v določenih razmerah. Ker pa v pasti in nastave zajamemo le del populacij roječih hroščev, samo z uporabo teh ukrepov ne moremo ustaviti gradacije podlubnikov. Uporaba insekticidov je pri nas omejena z Zakonom o gozdovih (1993), prav tako je uporaba nevarnih insekticidov prepovedana v FSC certificiranih gozdovih. Uporaba atestiranih insekticidov je smiselna le v omejenem obsegu za imobilizacijo napadenih gozdnih lesnih sortimentov, ki jih ni mogoče odpeljati iz gozda pred izletom nove generacije hroščev. Uporaba insekticidnih mrež (npr. sistemov Trinet(R) in Storanet(R)) ni upravičena zaradi negativnih vplivov na gozdni ekosistem.
Keywords:Picea abies, podlubniki, Ips typographus, Pityogenes chalcographus, integralno varstvo gozdov, biotehniške metode, insekticidi, Slovenija, navadna smreka
Year of publishing:2017
Number of pages:str. 94-111
Numbering:Letn. 75, št. 2
PID:20.500.12556/DiRROS-6311 New window
UDC:630*41(045)=163.6
ISSN on article:0017-2723
COBISS.SI-ID:4711590 New window
Publication date in DiRROS:22.03.2017
Views:5144
Downloads:1132
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Gozdarski vestnik : slovenska strokovna revija za gozdarstvo
Shortened title:Gozd. vestn.
Publisher:Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije
ISSN:0017-2723
COBISS.SI-ID:3736834 New window

Licences

License:CC BY-SA 2.5 SI, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Slovenia
Link:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/si/deed.en
Description:You are free to reproduce and redistribute the material in any medium or format. You are free to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Licensing start date:22.03.2017

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Recommendations for the use of various biotechnical methods and chemical agents for Bark Beetle control (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Abstract:In the last decades in Slovenia numerous extreme weather phenomena take place; among them, the worst dimensions and consequences had the hundred year drought in 2003 and icestorm (sleet) in February 2014. The climatologists forecast droughts and major disasters also for the future. They will cause major mechanical and physiological damage of forest trees. Above all in the lowland stand of the Norway spruce (Picea abies) we can also expect major damages due to biotic factors, e.g. Ips typographus, Pityogenes chalcographus and other bark beetles, native phytoparasites and invasive non-native harmful organisms. In the field of integrated forest protection (IFP) we stand in front of new professional challenges of the application of new knowledge on abiotic and biotic forest damages in Slovenia and abroad, fast changes of weather conditions in environment, and increasing entry of non-native harmful species into the forests. These facts require development and application of modern IFP strategies (MSIFP). In this article we deal with an important segment of IFP: adequacy of diverse biotechnical methods and chemical agent application for bark beetle control. Bark beetles infestation requires performing all integrated forest protection actions. Preferentially and all year round sanitation felling of the bark beetle infested spruce trees and removal of infested trees from the forest, followed by destruction of bark beetles. Extremely important is timeliness of performance of these actions; it must take place before flying out of a new beetle generation, which requires appropriate technical support, coordination, and good organization of all actors of these actions. As an additional action for bark beetle damage reduction it makes sense to increase the number of pheromone traps and "trap trees" in form of fallen trees, trunks and piles (with the thicker parts of branches on the outside of the pile) in the most endangered areas. Traps and "trap trees" could be also used as bark beetle control, but only in certain conditions. As we catch only a part of swarming beetle populations in pheromone traps and "trap trees", we cannot stop escalation of bark beetles only with these actions. Use of insecticides in Slovenia is limited by the Forest Act (1993), use of dangerous insecticides is also forbidden in FSC certified forests. Use of attested insecticides can be reasonably performed only in a limited scope for the immobilization of the infested forest wood assortments, which cannot be transported from forest before the flying out of a new beetle generation. Use of insecticide nets (for example systems Trinet(R) and Storanet(R)) is due to their negative impact on forest ecosystem not justifiable
Keywords:Picea abies, Norway spruce, bark beetles, Ips typographus, Pityogenes chalcographus, integrated forest protection, biotechnical methods, insecticides, Slovenia


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